Friday 30 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (154): Israel, vaccines, Asia, UK, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 2 408 498 (17 514) / 36 879 (195)
European Region (61): 51 419 852 (195 095) / 1 075 460 (3589)
South East Asia Region (10): 21 444 420 (396 122) / 268 598 (3942)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 9 017 147 (49 444) / 180 906 (1021)
Region of

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Thursday 29 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (153): impact on children, ischemic stroke, India, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 2 390 224 (16 511) / 36 678 (136)
European Region (61): 51 208 363 (181 039) / 1 071 697 (3859)
South East Asia Region (10): 21 048 298 (376 684) / 264 656 (3573)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 8 967 703 (48 869) / 179 885 (989)
Region of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome - Nepal: (Sunsari) pigs, 1st rep, OIE

Other Animal Disease -- Nepal
General information
Report type: Immediate notification
Started: 26 Feb 2021
Confirmed: 26 Apr 2021
Reported: 26 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence in the country
Causal agent: Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to the whole country.
Outbreak location: Khairenitar, Dharan-4, Sunsari, Koshi, East
Date of start of the outbreak: 26 Feb 2021
Epidemiological unit: Farm
Affected

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (152): animal, Croatia, dog, OIE

COVID-19 -- Croatia
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Start on: 7 Apr 2021
Confirmed on: 26 Apr 2021
Reported on: 28 Apr 2021
Event status: ongoing
Reason for notification: emerging disease
Event morbidity (%): 100
Event mortality: -
Zoonotic potential: no
Diagnostic details: laboratory test
Causal agent: SARS-CoV-2
New outbreaks (1)
Outbreak location 1: Split City, Split, Splitsko-Dalmatinska
Started on: 7 Apr 2021
Epidemiological unit: other
Total animals affected:
Species /

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st Enteritidis - Europe: Polish chocolate wafers, alert, recall, RFI

Salmonella -- Worldwide/Unknown
Swedish officials have traced the source of a _Salmonella_ outbreak to a brand of chocolate wafers from Poland. Between late December 2020 and early April 2021, 32 people living in 15 counties fell ill after infection with the same type of _Salmonella_ [enterica_ serotype] Enteritidis. 19 patients were children under the age of 10 while 9 people were above 70 years old. 17 females and 15 males were affected.
The outbreak was investigated by local infection control units, National Food

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PRO/EDR> Vibrio parahaemolyticus - Bahamas: conch

Vibrio parahaemolyticus -- The Bahamas
Consumers seeking to satisfy their cravings for popular raw conch dishes may wish to reconsider amid rising cases of conch poisoning. The Bahamas Agricultural Health and Food Safety Authority (BAHFSA) yesterday [27 Apr 2021] cautioned consumers to avoid eating "fresh conch" or conch that is suspected to have been improperly handled or prepared until the source of contamination can be determined.
At least 10 people with conch poisoning have been admitted to Princess Margaret Hospital (PMH),

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PRO/EDR> Non-viral hepatitis - USA: (NV) drinking water susp

Hepatitis -- United States
State and federal officials are investigating an outbreak of non-viral hepatitis traced to "Real Water" brand bottled water. Health officials are warning the public to not drink the water. The company has not initiated a recall.
Five children were hospitalized in late 2020 in Clark County, but all of them have recovered, according to a Southern Nevada Health District investigation report. The water is apparently still being sold. The health district, based in Las Vegas, received initial

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Wednesday 28 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Oropouche virus - Brazil: (PI)

Other Human Disease -- Brazil
The Municipal Health Foundation (FMS) confirmed the 1st case of Oropouche fever in Teresina. The FMS "received test results indicative of Oropouche virus infection in a patient hospitalized in the Teresina Emergency Hospital (HUT) in January 2021." This fever has symptoms similar to those of dengue, but with less risk of complications.
The FMS reported that the hemagglutination-inhibition test, ELISA, and RT-PCR done by the Instituto Evandro Chagas (the reference laboratory of the Ministry

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (67): Europe (Germany, Bulgaria) poultry, HPAI H5N8, H5, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8, Avian Influenza -- Germany
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Started: 22 Mar 2021
Confirmed: 25 Mar 2021
Reported: 12 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence
Last occurrence: 14 Mar 2021
Causal agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype: H5N8
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks (35)
[The 35 outbreaks of HPAI H5N8 occurred in the state of Baden-Wurttemberg. See details of each outbreak at the source URL

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (151): India vaccine, variant, USA, weekly update, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
The drastic rise in the number of cases in Maharashtra, India has created a matter of concern for public health experts. Twelve isolates of VUI lineage B.1.617 were propagated in VeroCCL81 cells and characterized. Convalescent sera of the COVID-19 cases and recipients of BBV152 (Covaxin) were able to neutralize VUI B.1.617.
From the text: Several variants of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) [B.1.1.7 (UK), B.1.351 (South Africa), B.1.1.28 (Brazil P1, P2)] have

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PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Africa (04): Congo DR, Sudan vaccination, WHO

Yellow Fever -- DR Congo
The Democratic Republic of the Congo today [27 Apr 2021] launched a preventive yellow fever vaccination campaign targeting more than 16.3 million people -- the 1st such drive against the disease in Africa in 2021.
The campaign -- being carried out in 7 of the Democratic Republic of the Congo's 26 provinces among people aged 9 months to 60 years, including nearly 300 000 refugees -- is a collaborative effort involving the country's health authorities with the support of the World Health

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Tuesday 27 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> E. coli EHEC - UK: (England) O157, imported cucumbers, 2020

E. coli -- United Kingdom
An _E. coli_ O157 outbreak in the United Kingdom that affected 36 people has been linked to a fast-food product containing imported cucumbers.
Investigations into the Shiga toxin-producing _E. coli_ (also called enterohemorrhagic _E. coli_, EHEC) outbreak in 2020 pointed to a certain fast-food meal sold at one restaurant chain with contaminated cucumbers from the Netherlands. Findings provide further evidence that salad items are an important vehicle of EHEC outbreaks, said researchers in

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PRO/AH/EDR> Brucellosis - Algeria (02): (BU)

Brucellosis -- Algeria
The agricultural and veterinary authorities of Mashdalala, east of the Wilaya (state) of Bouira, have sent an appeal to residents to avoid purchase and consumption of milk and any related products from unknown sources offered for sale along roads and in some shops to avoid infection with brucellosis. More than 10 confirmed cases of infection have been recorded in the population.
The announcement, published by the authorities 3 days ago [18 Apr 2021], stated that several confirmed cases of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed deaths, vulture, dog - Nepal: (PA) poisoning susp, RFI

Poisoning -- Nepal
As many as 67 vultures of various species were found dead at Jitpur of Ramgram Municipality Ward No. 4 in Nawalparasi (West) [Parasi district, Lumbini Pradesh] on Wednesday [21 Apr 2021]. The rare birds were found dead near a local pond.
According to Bharat Kafle, chief at the district livestock service expert office in Nawalparasi (West), 33 white-rumped, 31 Himalayan griffons, 2 cinereous vultures, and one slender-billed vulture were found dead. An investigation is underway to find the

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (150): Nepal, India support, Qatar, Japan updates, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Nepal
Cases began creeping upward in early March [2021], but accelerated rapidly -- the number of daily cases by the end of the month had jumped 6 times higher than at the start of the month. That exponential rise has only continued with increasing speed and severity.
The 2nd wave hit so much harder because people were unprepared, experts say. The 1st wave peaked in September [2020] and daily cases declined steadily in the following months; the apparent recovery seemed so successful that the

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PRO/PL> Tungro disease, rice - Philippines: (AL)

Other Plant Disease -- Philippines
Approximately 1000 acres [about 405 ha] of rice fields in Albay [Bicol region] are unproductive due to [tungro] virus disease. MP Joey Sarte Salceda said the disease has so far affected various urban farmers. "It should be controlled as soon as possible during the reproductive phase," he said.
Rice [tungro] disease is caused by the combination of 2 viruses that are transmitted by leafhoppers. Salceda said he had already asked the Department of Agriculture to do something to prevent the

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Monday 26 April 2021

PRO/AH> African swine fever - Asia (13): Malaysia (SA) domestic & wild pigs, spread

African Swine Fever -- Malaysia
Ten Sabah districts have been found with the African swine fever (ASF) so far, with the latest case detected in the Nabawan district (Interior Division). Other districts previously affected include Pitas, Kota Marudu, Beluran, Telupid, Kinabatangan, Sandakan, Lahad Datu, Tawau and Tongod.
Deputy chief minister Jeffrey Kitingan said that at least one ASF case had been reported in Nabawan thus far.
Kitingan, who is also state agriculture and fisheries minister, said that as of [Sun 18 Apr

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (149): medium term outcomes, immune resp., children, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
----------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 2 336 827 (19 654) / 36 219 (221)
European Region (61): 50 702 775 (165 146) / 1 061 137 (2563)
South East Asia Region (10): 19 965 648 (365 986) / 254 958 (3041)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 8 822 942 (45 124) / 176 950 (831)
Region of the Americas (54): 60 950 456 (228 852) / 1 481 263

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (66): Russia (DA) wild bird, HPAI H5, OIE

Avian Influenza -- Russia
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Started: 31 Mar 2021
Confirmed: 2 Apr 2021
Reported: 21 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence
Last occurrence: 10 May 2006
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype: H5
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks (1)
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks (1)
Outbreak location 1: Alexandrijskaya, Kizlyarskiy rayon, Dagestan
Started: 31 Mar

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PRO/AH/EDR> White nose syndrome, bats - North America (02): impact on bat populations

White nose syndrome -- Worldwide/Unknown
Southwestern Pennsylvania bats were part of a new large national study that flagged a die-off nationally of more than 90% of certain bats in less than 10 years.
The bats in question are the northern long-eared, little brown, and tri-colored bats. Researchers also found declines in Indiana bat and big brown bat populations. All of those bat species are found in Pennsylvania. The study was published in Conservation Biology.
The bats were killed by white-nosed syndrome [WNS], which is

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (33): Guinea, Nigeria

Ebola -- Guinea
Ref. Kritsky AA, Keita S, Magassouba N et al. Ebola virus disease outbreak in the Republic of Guinea 2021: hypotheses of origin. BioRxiv doi: 23 Apr 2021
[excerpt:]
Ebola virus disease outbreak in the Republic of Guinea 2021: hypotheses of origin.
Case description and hypothesis
The 1st known case is a female healthcare professional who initially contacted Gueke Medical Center on 18 Jan 2021 complaining about headache, physical weakness, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal

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Sunday 25 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Sheep pox & goat pox - Russia (02): (IV) sheep, OIE

Sheep/Goat Pox -- Russia
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Started: 5 Apr 2021
Confirmed: 22 Apr 2021
Reported: 23 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence
Last occurrence: 11 May 2020
Causal agent: Sheep pox virus and goat pox virus
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks (1)
Outbreak location 1: Kolyshino, Privolzhskiy rayon, Ivanovo
Started: 5 Apr 2021
Epidemiological unit:

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PRO/AH/EDR> Rabies (07): Asia, Pakistan (SD) human, Israel (HZ, HD) dog, spread

Rabies -- Pakistan
A man from the city of Thatta in Sindh province, Pakistan died from rabies after a dog bite due to the local hospital not having rabies post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP).
The victim was reportedly attacked by a rabid dog around a week ago and suffered injuries on the head and torso.
Relatives took him to the local civil hospital only to find anti-rabies vaccine was not available.
Doctors there recommended the family take him to a private hospital; however, they could not afford the cost

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza, human (07): China (FJ, HU) H9N2

Avian Influenza -- China


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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (148): India, thrombosis, breakthrough, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
-------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 2 316 683 (18 924) / 35 988 (233)
European Region (61): 50 531 232 (202 018) / 1 058 504 (3626)
South East Asia Region (10): 19 599 662 (361 687) / 251 917 (2895)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 8 777 818 (52 387) /176 119 (896)
Region of the Americas (54): 60 721 604 (206 302) / 1 475 110

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PRO/EDR> Foodborne illness - Singapore: school

Foodborne Illness -- Singapore
More than 150 students and staff from the International French School in Ang Mo Kio have contracted food poisoning after eating from its canteen. The cafeteria has been closed this week as a precaution, said the school.
As at noon on Fri 23 April 2021, 151 people had reported symptoms of gastroenteritis, the Ministry of Health and Singapore Food Agency told The Straits Times. So far, none have been hospitalized.
The school's communications director, Mr Sebastien Barnard, said that the

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PRO/EDR> Botulism - USA (04): canned beans, risk, recall

Botulism -- United States
Faribault Foods, Inc. is voluntarily recalling 15-ounce cans of S&W Organic Black Beans, 15-ounce cans of O Organic Brand Black Beans, and 15-ounce cans of O Organic Brand Chili Beans because the cans may have a compromised hermetic seal. The compromised hermetic seal may affect can integrity and may cause the cans to leak, bloat, or allow bacteria to grow inside the product, which could lead to serious illness.
Symptoms [of botulism] may include double vision, blurred vision, drooping

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (08): USA (CT), Africa

Measles -- United States
The Connecticut Department of Public Health (DPH) today [23 Apr 2021] said it has confirmed a 2nd case of measles in a Fairfield County child. The child did not attend school while infectious. The child is a household contact of the child who contracted the 1st case of measles announced on 9 Apr 2021. DPH is collaborating with local partners to identify contacts and implement appropriate control measures. These are the 1st cases of measles in Connecticut since 2019.
Measles is a highly

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Saturday 24 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (147): vaccines, pregnancy, South Asia, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
ACIP members heard from Tom Shimabukuro, MD, MPH, MBA, the deputy director of the Immunization Safety Office at the CDC, who shared that the agency had detected a total of 15 TTS cases, including 3 fatalities, up from 6 when the pause was first instated. The cases had been detected using the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).
"TTS is rare but clinically serious and potentially life threatening, and a potentially life-threatening adverse event that has been observed in

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PRO/EDR> Malaria vaccine trial, high efficacy

Malaria -- Worldwide/Unknown
Background: Stalled progress in controlling _Plasmodium falciparum_ malaria highlights the need for an effective and deployable vaccine. RTS,S/AS01, the most effective malaria vaccine candidate to date, demonstrated 55.8% (97.5% confidence interval [CI], 51-60) efficacy over 12 months in African children.
Methods: We conducted a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial of a low-dose circumsporozoite protein-based vaccine, R21, with 2 different doses of adjuvant, Matrix-M(TM) (MM), in

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (65): Europe (Romania, Slovakia) poultry, HPAI H5N5, H5N1, OIE

Avian Influenza, Avian Influenza H5N1 -- Romania
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Started: 18 Feb 2021
Confirmed: 24 Feb 2021
Reported: 20 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence
Last occurrence: 13 Jan 2021
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype: H5N5
Nature of diagnosis: Clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks (1)
Outbreak location 1: Folea, Voiteg, Timis
Started: 19 Feb 2021
Ended: 31 Mar

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Friday 23 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis - USA: dips, cheeses, poss. st Duisburg, alert, recall

Salmonella -- United States
Federal officials are investigating a new _Salmonella_ outbreak that is linked to brie and dips from Jule's Foods. The company has initiated a recall of all of its products. The _Salmonella_ outbreak has sickened 5 people, according to a notation in the weekly outbreak update from the Food and Drug Administration. The table does not reference the recalled Jule's Foods products. The CDC had not posted an outbreak notice.
"To date, FDA has preliminary confirmation of _Salmonella_ in brie

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PRO/AH/EDR> Lassa fever - West Africa (07): Nigeria

Lassa Fever -- Nigeria
Key points:
Current week (15) (12-18 Apr 2021) / Cumulative 2021 week 1-15 / Cumulative 2020 week 1-15
Suspected cases: 43 / 1592 / 4386
Confirmed cases: 6 / 247 / 973
Probable cases: 0 / 3 / 14
Deaths: 0 / 50 / 188
Case fatality rate (CFR [%]): 0 / 20.2 / 19.3
Number of states affected: 2 / 14 / 27
Local government areas (LGAs) affected: 3 / 52 / 127
Highlights
- In week 15, the number of new confirmed cases decreased from 8 in week 14, 2021, to
6 cases. These were reported from

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (146): nursing home outbreak, variants, India, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 2 277 107 (18 638) / 35 592 (204)
European Region (61): 50 075 398 (242 407) / 1 050 780 (4047)
South East Asia Region (10): 18 891 620 (329 450) / 246 486 (2451)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 8 668 953 (58 700) / 174 316 (919)
Region of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Leishmania: infected dogs more attractive to sandflies

Leishmaniasis -- Worldwide/Unknown
Dogs infected with the _Leishmania_ parasite smell more attractive to female sand flies than males, say researchers.
The study published in PLOS Pathogens [see reference below] is led by Professor Gordon Hamilton of Lancaster University.
In Brazil, the parasite _L. infantum_ is transmitted by the bite of infected female _Lutzomyia longipalpis_ sand flies.
Globally over 350 million people are at risk of leishmaniasis, with up to 300 000 new cases annually. In Brazil alone there are

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Thursday 22 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Bluetongue - Europe (02): France, BTV-8, 2015, research, frozen bov semen susp

Bluetongue -- France
The mechanisms underlying virus emergence are rarely well understood, making the appearance of outbreaks largely unpredictable. Bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8), an arthropod-borne virus of ruminants, emerged in livestock in northern Europe in 2006, spreading to most European countries by 2009 and causing losses of billions of euros. Although the outbreak was successfully controlled through vaccination by early 2010, puzzlingly, a closely related BTV-8 strain re-emerged in France in 2015,

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (145): animal, Italy, mink, OIE

COVID-19 -- Italy
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 18 Mar 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 6 Apr 2021
Report date: 22 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: emerging disease
Morbidity: 0.59%
Mortality: -
Zoonotic potential: no
Causal agent: SARS-CoV-2
This event pertains a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks (1)
Total outbreaks: 1
Outbreak location: Villa del Conte, Padua, Veneto
Date of start of the outbreak: 18 Mar 2021
Epidemiological unit:

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PRO/EDR> Hand, foot & mouth disease update (03): Australia (WA)

Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease -- Australia
Symptoms of HFMD vary from person to person. Some people may experience small white blisters on their palms, the soles of their feet, and in their mouth, with a bit of inflammation around the blisters. This may lead to a sore mouth and throat, dehydration, and a poor appetite.
Alternatively, a red skin rash with a brown scale on it could appear on a person's arms, hands, legs, feet, and around the mouth.
The trunk area usually remains clear, according to the Royal Children's Hospital in

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PRO/EDR> Gastroenteritis - Bangladesh: (BA) RFI

Gastroenteritis -- Bangladesh
The diarrhea outbreak in the Barisal division has turned severe, with 8 deaths and thousands hospitalized across 6 districts. Currently, 18 of the 40 upazilas [formerly called thanas, administrative regions] under 6 districts of Barisal division are suffering from a diarrhea crisis.
Bhola faced the brunt of the crisis, with the district witnessing 8090 hospital admissions from the beginning of 2021 until Wednesday [21 Apr 2021]. The number was 4252 in the last month [March 2021] alone.

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (144): India, J&J vaccine, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
-----------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 2 258 194 (33 357) / 35 383 (278)
European Region (61): 49 820 616 (230 943) / 1 046 516 (4288)
South East Asia Region (10): 18 562 170 (308 892) / 244 035 (2343)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 8 609 860 (57 889) / 173 334 (942)
Region of the Americas (54): 60 062 728 (155 354) / 1 456

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PRO/AH/EDR> Dengue/DHF update (02): Americas

Dengue -- Worldwide/Unknown
Cases by Country / Week updated / Serotype / Total / Confirmed / Severe / Deaths
North America
USA / 14 [w/e 10 Apr 2021] / D? / 9 / 9 / 0 / 0
Central America and Mexico
Costa Rica / 13 [w/e 3 Apr 2021] / D1,2 / 901 / - / 1 / 0
El Salvador / 13 [w/e 3 Apr 2020] / D? / 782 / 0 / 0 / 0
Guatemala / 6 [w/e 13 Feb 2021] / D2,3 / 191 / 10 / 1 / 1
Honduras / 10 [w/e 13 Mar 2021] / D? / 1926 / - / 82 / -
Mexico / 14 [w/e 10 Apr 2021] / D1,2,3,4 / 4255 / 300 / 26 / 1
Nicaragua / 14 [w/e 10

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PRO/PL> Blast disease, rice - Bangladesh: (KH)

Other Plant Disease -- Bangladesh
Rice farmers have been shattered by blast disease in Jashore district [Khulna division], like in previous years. Blast disease [occurred] just before the ripening of paddy. [Many] farmers have been affected by cultivating BRRI-28 and Miniket rice [varieties].
Even after applying various types of pesticides, the farmers are not getting any remedy. They are being forced to cut raw paddy. [They] complained that no advice from the agriculture office was available at the moment and field

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PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - Syria: (LA) goat, spread, RFI

Foot and Mouth -- Syria
The Director of Agriculture in Latakia, Munther Khairbek, confirmed to Al-Watan that there are suspected foci of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) among herds of goats in Ma'areen village. He indicated that the lesions are mild to moderate and the deaths are limited to a number of newborns in a (total village) herd ranging between 500 and 700 heads.
Khairbek added that after receiving several complaints regarding deaths from herds of goats in the aforementioned village, a technical team was

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Wednesday 21 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Americas (04): USA (NM)

Hantavirus -- United States
Health officials are reporting the Navajo Nation's 1st case this year [2021] of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, a rare but potentially fatal disease spread by infected rodent droppings.
The tribal health department said the case was confirmed in McKinley County in northwestern New Mexico, but it wasn't known how the person contracted hantavirus.
Hantavirus typically is reported in spring and summer, often due to exposures that occur when people are near mouse droppings in homes, sheds, or

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (143): questions, VITT, ECMO, obesity, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
Background: SARS-CoV-2 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCov-19 rarely causes vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) that -- like autoimmune heparin-induced thrombocytopenia -- is mediated by platelet-activating anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibodies.
Methods: We investigated vaccine, PF4, and VITT patient-derived anti-PF4 antibody interactions using dynamic light scattering, 3D-super-resolution microscopy, and electron microscopy. Mass spectrometry was used to analyze vaccine

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PRO/EDR> Trachoma - Gambia: WHO, eliminated as a public health problem

Trachoma -- Gambia
The World Health Organization (WHO) has validated Gambia for having eliminated trachoma as a public health problem, making it the 2nd country in WHO's African Region to achieve this milestone.
"This is a great step towards the 2030 goals set by the recently launched 2021-2030 road map for neglected tropical diseases," said Dr. Ren Minghui, WHO Assistant Director-General for Universal Health Coverage/Communicable and Noncommunicable Diseases. "Gambia has become the 2nd country this year

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PRO/EDR> Chikungunya (02): Americas, Africa

Chikungunya -- Worldwide/Unknown
Saint-Herblain-based Valneva SE announced on 12 Apr 2021 that it had completed recruitment for the pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial of its single-shot chikungunya vaccine candidate, VLA1553.
A total of 4131 adults aged 18 or above have been recruited across 44 sites in the USA for the VLA1553-301 trial, which was launched in September 2020. Participants will be followed for 6 months in the pivotal trial. If the trial results are positive, the trial is expected to support VLA1553's

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PRO/ALL> New in IJID (04): April 2021

Not Yet Classified -- Worldwide/Unknown
Dracunculiasis X in Vietnam: Emerging public health threat or exotic gem?
Martin P. Grobusch, T. Hanscheid
IJID 2021:105:416-417

Coronavirus (COVID-19) collection
---------------------------------
Reviews
-------
The effect of probiotics on respiratory tract infection with special emphasis on COVID-19: Systemic review 2010-20.
Atieh Darbandi, Arezoo Asadi, Roya Ghanavati, et al.
IJID 2021:105:91-104

Meta-analysis of cardiac markers for predictive factors on severity and

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st Agbeni - Norway: imported dried fruit mix, 2018-19

Salmonella -- Norway
A dried fruit mix linked to an outbreak of salmonellosis in Norway contained products from South East Asia and Africa, according to researchers. From the end of 2018 to mid-March 2019, 56 people fell ill and 21 were hospitalized but no deaths were recorded. "The outbreak was characterized by an unusual, severe clinical presentation with systemic infections seen in 7, urinary tract infections in 10, and hospitalization in 21 of the 56 cases," said researchers in the journal Eurosurveillance

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PRO/AH/EDR> Rabbit hemorrhagic disease - USA (05): (OR) feral rabbit, alert

Other Animal Disease -- United States
The USDA Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory has confirmed rabbit hemorrhagic disease (RHD) in a feral domestic rabbit collected in La Pine, Oregon, on [9 Apr 2021]. While the virus is highly contagious among rabbit populations and can spread through contact with infected rabbits, it poses no human health risk. The virus is only known to infect rabbits and hares.
This confirmation comes a few weeks after the same virus, RHDV2, was found in a feral domestic rabbit found dead in

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PRO/AH/EDR> Inf hypodermal & hematopoietic necrosis - Colombia: (BL) shrimp, 1st rep, OIE

Other Animal Disease -- Colombia
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Started: 19 Jan 2021
Confirmed: 12 Apr 2021
Reported: 17 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence in the country
Causal agent: Hypodermal and haematopoietic necrosis virus
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks (1)
Outbreak location 1: Covado Island, Cartagena de Indias, Bolivar
Started: 19 Jan 2021
Epidemiological unit: farm
Affected animals:
Species /

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PRO/EDR> Scombroid fish poisoning - Europe: Sweden ex Viet Nam, tuna

Poisoning -- Sweden
"Abstract
--------
"Histamine poisoning results from the consumption of foods, typically certain types of fish and cheeses that contain unusually high levels of histamine. Spoiled fish of the families Scombridae and Scomberesocidae (such as tuna, mackerel, bonito) are commonly implicated in incidents of histamine poisoning, which leads to the common usage of the term "scombroid fish poisoning" to describe this illness. However, certain non-scombroid fish, most notably mahi-mahi, bluefish,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (32): research & genomics

Ebola -- DR Congo
Landeras-Bueno S, Wasserman H, Oliveira G, et al. Cellular mRNA triggers structural transformation of Ebola virus matrix protein VP40 to its essential regulatory form. Cell Rep. 2021; 35(2): 108986. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108986. PMID: 33852858;
An interesting study that confirms Ebola virus protein VP40 as a promising target for antiviral compounds. - Mod.LK]
******
[2] Airborne Ebola virus detection
Date: Tue 20 Apr 2021
Source: Homeland Security Today [edited]

Natural

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Tuesday 20 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed deaths, ovine - India: (JK) RFI

Undiagnosed -- India
The villagers from Azmatabad area of Thannamandi Sub Division held a protest today [18 Apr 2021], as about 47 sheep have died due to some mysterious disease in the area.
Sources said that the villagers alleged that during the last 2 weeks, about 47 sheep of [about 5] villagers died due to a "mysterious" disease. Today, [18 Apr 2021] 3 sheep of [another] owner also died due to and unknown disease.
They alleged that [their representative] made a request to the concerned officials of the

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (142): brain damage, India, pneumonia Japan, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- India
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
----------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 2 224 229 (18 541) / 35 103 (185)
European Region (61): 49 364 480 (156 016) / 1 037 693 (2399)
South East Asia Region (10): 17 981 667 (285 133) / 239 662 (1830)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 8 497 014 (52 320) / 171 552 (972)
Region of the Americas (54): 59 757 984 (206 984) / 1 450

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PRO/AH/EDR> BSE, cattle - Spain (02): (EX) atypical H-type, OIE

BSE -- Spain
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Started: 24 Mar 2021
Confirmed: 25 Mar 2021
Reported: 19 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence
Last occurrence: 22 Dec 2020
Causal agent: prion (atypical BSE type H)
Nature of diagnosis: necropsy, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks (1)
Outbreak location 1: Jerez de los Caballeros, Badajoz, Extremadura
Started: 24 Mar 2021
Ended: 16 Apr

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (141): animal, USA (GA) aquarium, otter

COVID-19 -- United States
The Georgia Aquarium said Sunday [18 Apr 2021] its Asian small-clawed otters tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19.
The aquarium said the otters are "doing well" and expected to make a full recovery.
The Georgia Aquarium said in a statement that officials believe the disease was transmitted to the otters by an asymptomatic staff member, despite health and safety protocols in place.
Aquarium officials said the otters began exhibiting mild respiratory symptoms

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PRO/AH/EDR> Zika virus (02): Americas, Africa, research, observations

Zika virus -- Costa Rica
Background
Zika virus (ZIKV) may cause severe congenital disease after maternal-fetal transmission. No vaccine is currently available.
Objective
To assess the safety and immunogenicity of Ad26.ZIKV.001, a prophylactic ZIKV vaccine candidate.
Design
Phase 1 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03356561)
Setting
United States.
Participants
100 healthy adult volunteers.
Intervention
Ad26.ZIKV.001, an adenovirus serotype 26

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PRO/PL> Powdery mildew, hazelnut - Europe: emerging pathogen

Other Plant Disease -- Worldwide/Unknown
_Erysiphe corylacearum_, causing an emerging powdery mildew of hazelnuts, was first observed in Romania in 2019-2020 on hazelnut trees (_Corylus avellana_) in forests in the Eastern and Southern Carpathian Mountains.
[ref: Chinan VC, Mânzu CC. Occurrence of _Erysiphecorylacearum_ causing powdery mildew of _Corylus avellana_ in Romania. Forest Pathology, 2021; e12681; ]
--
Communicated by:
ProMED

******
[2]
Date: February 2021
Source: European Plant Protection Organisation

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Monday 19 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Influenza (06): USA (WI) swine origin H1N1v

Influenza H1N1 -- United States
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported a human infection with a novel influenza A virus in a Wisconsin child. The patient, a child less than 18 years of age, was infected with an influenza A(H1N1) variant (A(H1N1)v) virus.
According to the CDC's FluView report, the child was not hospitalized and has completely recovered from their illness. Investigation into the source of the infection revealed that the patient had direct contact with swine.
No human-to-human

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PRO/EDR> Poliomyelitis update (05): global, Afghanistan campaign, Yemen

Polio -- Worldwide/Unknown
Rationale
Background
Poliovirus has reemerged in Yemen, with the 1st cases identified in June and July 2020. Since January 2020, 30 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV) cases have been reported, spreading among a few select districts in Sa'ada governorate. Sa'ada governorate is located in northwestern Yemen and was estimated to have a population of 934 000 as of the 2021 Humanitarian Needs Overview (HNO). It is one of the governorates most affected by both current and previous

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (140): animal, Latvia, mink, OIE

COVID-19 -- Latvia
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 10 Apr 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 10 Apr 2021
Report date: 16 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: Emerging disease
Morbidity: 0.01%
Mortality: 0.01%
Zoonotic potential description: Most likely the disease introduction happened through the infected workers.
Causal agent: SARS-CoV-2
This event pertains to the whole country.
New outbreaks (1)
Total outbreaks: 1
Outbreak location: Lecava,

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (139): Pfizer effects, airborne trans. Australia, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 2 204 866 (19 801) / 34 909 (122)
European Region (61): 49 199 873 (203 134) / 1 035 009 (2592)
South East Asia Region (10): 17 696 534 (272 989) / 237 832 (1744)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 8 444 694 (47 840) /170 580 (775)
Region of the

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - UK: imported dates, susp, alert, recall

Hepatitis A -- United Kingdom
Officials in the UK are investigating close to 30 related hepatitis A infections with some linked to imported dates. There are 28 people sick in different parts of England since the start of 2021, according to Public Health England (PHE). The agency added a number of people reported eating dates with epidemiological studies and product testing continuing.
PHE and the Food Standards Agency (FSA) are investigating the non-travel related cases of hepatitis A and work is ongoing to see if

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PRO/AH/EDR> African horse sickness - South Africa: (WC) OIE

African Horse Sickness -- South Africa
General information
Report type: immediate notification
Started on: 9 Apr 2021
Confirmed on: 14 Apr 2021
Reported on: 16 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence
Last occurrence: 12 Jun 2016
Causal agent: African horse sickness virus
Serotype: not typed
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreak
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks (1)
Outbreak location: Cederberg, West Coast, Western Cape
Date of start

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PRO/AH/EDR> Newcastle disease - South Africa (EC): (EC) wild bird

Newcastle Disease -- South Africa
Birds reportedly falling out of the sky and found dead in parts of the Eastern Cape have died of Avian Paramyxovirus and Newcastle diseases.
The Eastern Cape department of Rural Development and Agrarian Reform confirmed the test results on Tuesday [13 Apr 2021].
Hundreds of bird deaths have been reported in the Buffalo City Municipality since March [2021], which prompted Neville's Snake and Reptile Rescue to collect dead birds for testing at the SPCA. Wild birds found mysteriously dying

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PRO/PL> Downy mildew, spinach - Europe, USA: new strains

Other Plant Disease -- United States
Two new strains of downy mildew of spinach (_Peronospora farinosa_) have been named by the International Working Group on Peronospora in Spinach (IWGP). Isolate SP1924 which was found in Europe will be called race Pe 18. Isolate UA202001E, found in the USA, will be called race Pe 19. Several spinach varieties resistant to both are already available.
Both of the new races pose a considerable threat for spinach industries worldwide. The resistant varieties are an important resource. An

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Sunday 18 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (138): transmission, outdoor spread, variants, tech, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
Province - B.1.1.7 / B.1.351 / P.1 Screened*
Canada - 57 103 / 411 / 2195 / 85 920
Ontario - 32 327 / 101 / 207 / 27 032
Alberta - 15 627 / 32 / 168 / 34 685
British Columbia - 3858 / 71 / 1810 / 0
Quebec - 2554 / 163 / 8 / 17 085
Saskatchewan - 1703 / 9 / 0 / 2614
Manitoba - 622 / 20 / 1 / 67
New Brunswick - 180 / 4 / 0 / 0
Newfoundland and Labrador 178 / 1 / 0 / 0
Nova Scotia - 45 / 10 / 0 / 0
Prince Edward Island 6 / 6 / 0 / 0
Yukon - 2 / 0 / 1 / 0
Northwest Territories 1

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Saturday 17 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (137): thrombosis risk, comment, variants, UK/India, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
Many viruses can hamper coagulation, including those that cause dengue fever and yellow fever. In more severe cases, they may lead to bleeding. This is why these diseases are considered hemorrhagic viral fevers. In a paper recently published in the science magazine "Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz," a group of 10 researchers argues that the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) should be the 1st agent recognized as acting in the opposite fashion, by increasing the formation of blood clots (also

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PRO/AH/EDR> Lumpy skin disease - Asia (04): Taiwan (NT) cattle, OIE

Lumpy Skin Disease -- China
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Started: 14 Apr 2021
Confirmed: 15 Apr 2021
Reported: 15 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence
Last occurrence: 30 Sep 2020
Causal agent: lumpy skin disease virus
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks (1)
Outbreak location 1: Line district, New Taipei
Started: 14 Apr 2021
Epidemiological unit: farm
Total animals

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (64): Mali, poultry, HPAI H5N1, 1st rep, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N1 -- Mali
General information
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 12 Mar 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 1 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of the disease in the country
Manifestation of disease: Clinical disease
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype: H5N1
Nature of diagnosis: Clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to the whole country.
Outbreaks (3)
Outbreak location 1: Hamdallaye, Sikasso
Date of start of the

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PRO/EDR> Ciguatera fish poisoning - China: (HK)

Poisoning -- China
Hong Kong health officials report investigating a suspected ciguatoxin poisoning cases affecting 2 people. The report involves 2 females, aged 34 and 66, who developed symptoms of ciguatoxin poisoning including abdominal pain and diarrhea about 6 to 7 hours after consuming a marine fish for dinner at home on 5 Apr 2021. The latter patient also developed perioral numbness and attended the Accident and Emergency Department of Kwong Wah Hospital the next day [6 Apr 2021]. She was admitted for

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (06): Africa (Nigeria)

Cholera -- Nigeria
At least 50 people have died in a suspected cholera outbreak in 2021 in Nigeria, local health authorities have confirmed. Some 8 states across the country had reported the suspected cholera outbreak, according to the Nigeria Center for Disease Control (NCDC).
"As of 28 Mar 2021, a total of 1746 suspected cases including 50 deaths with a case fatality rate that is 2.9% have been reported," said Chikwe Ihekweazu, head of the NCDC.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED from HealthMap Alerts

[As

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Europe (08): Russia, Ukraine, domestic, OIE

African Swine Fever -- Russia
General information
Report type: Immediate notification
Started: 11 Apr 2021
Confirmed: 12 Apr 2021
Reported: 14 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence
Last occurrence: 20 Dec 2020
Manifestation of disease: Clinical disease
Causal agent: African swine fever virus
Nature of diagnosis: Laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
Outbreak location: Koteleve, Novoseliskyi, Chernivtsi
Date of start of the outbreak: 12 Apr 2021
Epidemiological unit:

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PRO/AH/EDR> Malaria, artemisinin resistance - Africa

Malaria -- Worldwide/Unknown
Citation: Uwimana A, Umulisa N, Venkatesan M, et al. Association of _Plasmodium falciparum kelch13_ R561H genotypes with delayed parasite clearance in Rwanda: an open-label, single-arm, multicentre, therapeutic efficacy study. Lancet. Epub 14 Apr 2021.
Summary
------
Background: Partial artemisinin resistance is suspected if delayed parasite clearance (i.e., persistence of parasitaemia on day 3 after treatment initiation) is observed. Validated markers of artemisinin partial resistance

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Friday 16 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (136): Brazil, India, Chile, ring vacc, post vacc inf, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Brazil
Doctors Without Borders (MSF) today [15 Apr 2021] called on the Brazilian government's leaders to muster the political will to respond to the threat, which it said is killing people by the thousands.
MSF said last week [week of 5 Apr 2021], intensive care units (ICUs) were at capacity in 21 of 27 states, and hospitals across the country are struggling with shortages of oxygen for treatment and sedatives needed for intubation. It also said the country has a critical need for rapid antigen

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (63): Hungary (HB) poultry, H5N1, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N1 -- Hungary
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Report ID: 149523
Date of start of the event: 9 Apr 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 12 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 2 Mar 2021
Manifestation of disease: Clinical disease
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype: H5N1
Nature of diagnosis: Laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks (1)
Summary of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (62): China (LN) wild bird, HPAI H5N6, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N6 -- China
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Started: 7 Apr 2021
Confirmed: 11 Apr 2021
Reported: 14 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: New strain in a zone or a compartment
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype: H5N6
Nature of diagnosis: Clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks (1)
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks (1)
Outbreak location 1: Changbaidao Forest Park, Heping District, Shenyang Shi,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis - Denmark: herbal remedy, fatal, recall. RFI

Salmonella -- Denmark
Three people have died in what Danish health authorities say is a large outbreak of salmonellosis that has left 33 people ill. 19 people have been treated in hospital, according to Denmark's SSI [Statens Serum Institut] health agency. Those involved in the outbreak are aged between 2 and 92. All those affected ate Husk brand psyllium husk capsules from batches recalled by manufacturer Orkla Care. Authorities found traces of _Salmonella_ in the products at patients' homes.
The herbal

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PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed gastroenteritis, dog - UK: vomiting, canine enteric coronavirus susp

Gastroenteritis -- United Kingdom
As COVID-19 ravaged the world at the start of 2020, dogs in the UK were suffering an outbreak of another coronavirus, a study has revealed. Reports from concerned owners and disquieted vets at the time indicated more pet pooches than usual were getting ill and severely vomiting.
Researchers studying the outbreak now believe it was caused by an animal coronavirus -- most likely a variant of canine enteric coronavirus (CECoV). Humans cannot catch this type of coronavirus, and it is not the

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PRO/AH/EDR> MERS-CoV (01): Saudi Arabia, immune responses, WHO

MERS -- Saudi Arabia
Infection with MERS-CoV can cause severe disease resulting in high mortality. Humans are infected with MERS-CoV from direct or indirect contact with dromedaries. MERS-CoV has demonstrated the ability to transmit between humans. So far, the observed non-sustained human-to-human transmission has occurred among close contacts and in healthcare settings.
The notification of additional cases does not change the overall risk assessment. However, with the current COVID-19 pandemic, the testing

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PRO/AH/EDR> Felid leukoencephalomyelopathy - USA: (FL) Florida panther, bobcat

Other Animal Disease -- United States
Once ranging throughout the US Southeast, Florida panthers nearly went extinct due to widespread hunting. By the 1970s there were fewer than 30 left. Though the endangered cats have rebounded significantly in the last couple decades, with a total population around 200, their future remains tenuous.
That's why scientists are concerned about a newly discovered neurological disease that causes limb weakness and, in severe cases, partial paralysis in Florida panthers and bobcats. Affected

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PRO/AH/EDR> Peste des petits ruminants - Israel: (HZ) sheep, OIE

Peste des petits ruminants -- Israel
General information
Report type: Immediate notification
Started: 2 Apr 2021
Confirmed: 4 Apr 2021
Reported: 14 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 23 Aug 2020
Manifestation of disease: Clinical disease
Causal agent: Peste des petits ruminants virus
Nature of diagnosis: Clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a zone of the country.
New outbreaks (1)
Summary of outbreaks:
Total outbreaks: 1
Outbreak 1: Melea,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Rift Valley fever - Madagascar (02): livestock, human

Rift Valley Fever -- Madagascar
Rift Valley fever is decimating the herds in Mananjary. Nearly 500 zebu [humped cattle] have died in a few weeks. The farmers of the herds are at a loss. They have lost, in a blink of an eye, their zebus, who represent their wealth.
This acute hemorrhagic viral disease kills the zebus early every day in this district, "this morning [14 Apr 2021] 3 zebus have died. Yesterday [13 Apr 2021] we counted 7 [deaths] in different enclosures, and at the slaughterhouse," said Dr Moez Tajdin, the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed illness - Australia: (VI) water, algal bloom susp, RFI

Algae -- Australia
The state government is investigating an incident that sent 2 surfers to hospital after coming in contact with "a brown sludge-like substance" at a popular south-west Victorian surf spot.
The 2 male surfers went to hospitals in Warrnambool and Port Fairy over the Easter weekend [3-4 Apr 2021] and were awaiting test results to determine the cause of their illnesses, but both said they came in contact with brown water while surfing at The Passage near Port Fairy.
One surfer is understood

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ehrlichiosis - Australia: (SA) dog

Other Animal Disease -- Australia
- Hemogram: normochromic, normocytic nonregenerative anemia, thrombocytopenia, or of serum anti-_Ehrlichia_ antibodies. If initial test results are negative, one should consider repeating the assay 2 to 3 weeks later because false-negative results can occur in acutely ill dogs. Likewise, false-positive results (indicating exposure rather than infection) may occur, especially in healthy dogs in endemic areas.
- PCR technique (blood, bone marrow aspirate, splenic aspirate): detection of

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PRO/PL> Taproot decline, soybean - USA: etiology

Other Plant Disease -- United States
LSU graduate student Teddy Garcia-Aroca has identified and named the new species of fungus _Xylaria necrophora_, the pathogen that causes soybean taproot decline. The fungus infects roots, causing them to become blackened while causing leaves to turn yellow or orange with chlorosis. The disease has the potential to kill the plant. Trey Price, LSU, said, "I've seen fields that suffered a 25% yield loss." [He] said the disease has been a problem for many years as pathologists struggled to

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (135): post-acute sequelae, women's health, Japan, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
Thrombosis and thrombocytopenia have been reported after vaccination with the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (Oxford-AstraZeneca), a recombinant chimpanzee adenoviral vector encoding the spike glycoprotein of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [1,2]. To date, such reactions have not been associated with other vaccines against coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). We describe a case of extensive thrombosis associated with severe thrombocytopenia and disseminated intravascular

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Thursday 15 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (12): India (MZ) domestic, spread

African Swine Fever -- India
A laboratory test has confirmed that African swine fever (ASF) was the main cause of death of nearly 700 pigs in 3 Mizoram districts, an official of the state's animal husbandry and veterinary department said on Tuesday [13 Apr 2021]. However, a formal declaration from a concerned authority is awaited, he said.
Joint director (livestock health) Dr Lalhmingthanga said that samples were sent to the National Institute of High Security Animal Diseases (NIHSAD) in Bhopal on 8 Apr [2021] for a

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (61): Russia (AS) wild bird, HPAI H5N5 OIE

Avian Influenza -- Russia
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Started: 30 Mar 2021
Confirmed: 31 Mar 2021
Reported: 14 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence
Last occurrence: 17 Mar 2021
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype: H5N5
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks (1)
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks (1)
Outbreak location 1: Astrakhansky, Ikryaninskiy rayon, Astrakhan
Started: 30

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PRO/EDR> Respiratory syncytial virus - Australia (QL) childcare centers

Respiratory Syncytial Virus -- Australia
"RSV typically circulates during winter in temperate climates, much like influenza.
"It's the major cause of lung infections in children, commonly causing bronchiolitis. Symptoms of RSV include a runny nose, cough, reduced feeding and fever. Complications include wheezing and difficulty breathing, which can develop into pneumonia.
"Severe cases occasionally lead to death, predominantly in very young infants.
"Almost all children have had an RSV infection by age 2, but infants in their

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Wednesday 14 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (134): adenovector-based vaccines, superspreader events, WHO

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 2 112 687 (16 958) / 33 952 (244)
European Region (61): 47 891 858 (159 163) / 1 014 726 (4000)
South East Asia Region (10): 16 534 019 (175 614) / 230 560 (1102)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 8 166 899 (54 806) / 166 542 (695)
Region of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - Malawi: (CK) cattle, serotype pending, OIE

Foot and Mouth -- Malawi
General information
Report type: Immediate notification
Started: 31 Mar 2021
Confirmed: 11 Apr 2021
Reported: 13 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence
Last occurrence: 16 Nov 2020
Causal agent: Foot-and-mouth disease virus
Subtype: Pending
Nature of diagnosis: Clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
Outbreak location: Msiyamphanje, Lengwe Natonal Park, Chikwawa
Date of start of the outbreak: 1 Apr 2021
Epidemiological unit:

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PRO/AH/EDR> Bovine tuberculosis - Ireland: correlation with deer density

Bovine TB -- Ireland
New research suggests Ireland's increasing populations of sika deer may be linked to local outbreaks of bovine TB infection in cattle.
Researchers used county-level population densities, taken between 2000 and 2018, to track the 3 known maintenance hosts of TB in Ireland: cattle, badgers and sika deer. They then considered how variations in local densities compared with the variation in TB infection rates across the country, and also at county level.
Although TB infection rates have

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PRO/PL> Panama disease TR4, banana - Peru (02): 1st rep (PI) conf

Other Plant Disease -- Peru
The Peruvian National Agrarian Health Service, Senasa, has confirmed the discovery of fusarium wilt tropical race IV (Foc TR4) in Piura, a northwestern region. Both the PCR and [nucleotide] sequencing tests were positive. Last week, Senasa reported that "after receiving various notices of possible cases," a 0.5-hectare field was labeled suspicious [ProMED post https://bit.ly/3wUbjOR].
The national phytosanitary emergency procedure has been trigged, placing greater

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (60): South Africa (GT) poultry, HPAI H5, OIE

Avian Influenza -- South Africa
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Started: 8 Apr 2021
Confirmed: 10 Apr 2021
Reported: 13 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence
Last occurrence: 2 Mar 2021
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype: H5
Nature of diagnosis: Clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks (1)
Outbreak location 1: Ekurhuleni, Gauteng
Started: 9 Apr 2021
Epidemiological unit:

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Tuesday 13 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Americas (08): Brazil (SC)

Yellow Fever -- Brazil
The Directorate of Epidemiological Surveillance of Santa Catarina (DIVE/SC) reports that the 1st death from yellow fever in Santa Catarina was confirmed this year [2021]. The 34-year-old man was a resident of Aguas Mornas, in Greater Florianopolis. The patient did not have a vaccine record in the Information System of the National Immunization Program (SIPNI).
Another 3 human cases of yellow fever have already been confirmed in the state this year [2021]. The 1st case, recorded in January

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PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - India: (AR) mithun, RFI

Foot and Mouth -- India
A large number of mithuns have been affected by FMD (foot and mouth disease) in various parts of Arunachal Pradesh, and a few have died, said official sources on Monday [13 Apr 2021].
Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Department Deputy director Dr Taba Heli, a top mithun expert in North Eastern region, reported that the disease has taken a severe form in the entire Siang belt, particularly in East Siang, West Siang, and Upper Siang districts [map at ].
Though the number of deaths is yet to

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (133): pandemic growth, antibody cocktail, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 2 095 750(18 234) / 33 708 (234)
European Region (61): 47 723 272 (181 865) / 1 010 684 (2451)
South East Asia Region (10): 16 358 405 (180 579) / 229 458 (1073)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 8 112 093 (54 543) /165 757 (747)
Region of the

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (07): Nigeria (Borno)

Measles -- Nigeria
No fewer than 1158 children in Borno State are undergoing treatment from measles in Maiduguri, Borno State capital.
According to Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF) also known as Doctors Without Borders, most of the patients were admitted at Gwange Paediatric hospital, which is managed by MSF.
Statistics indicate 58% of the children admitted at the hospital are from Zabarmari, a volatile small settlement of about 45 000 people located 20km [approx. 12.4mi] away from Maiduguri.
The duration

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PRO/AH/EDR> Lassa fever - West Africa (06): Nigeria

Lassa Fever -- Nigeria
Key points:
Current week (13) (29 Mar 2021) / Cumulative 2021 week 1-11 / Cumulative 2020 week 1-11
Suspected cases: 78 / 1508 / 4194
Confirmed cases: 3 / 233 / 961
Probable cases: 1 / 3 / 14
Deaths: 0 / 49 / 185
Case fatality rate (CFR [%]): 0 / 21 / 19.5
Number of states affected: 1 / 14 / 27
Local government areas (LGAs) affected: 2 / 51 / 126
Highlights
- In week 13, the number of new confirmed cases decreased from 7 in week 12 [2021] to 3 cases. These were reported from Ondo

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PRO/AH/EDR> Leishmaniasis, visceral - Ethiopia: (OR) protection by insecticide treated nets

Leishmaniasis -- Ethiopia
Abstract
--------
Background
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by _Leishmania_ parasites, infects mammals transmitted by _Phlebotomine_ sand-flies and mostly affects the poorest. VL distributed worldwide and prevalent in Ethiopia. Knowing the occurrence of disease and risk factors is a remedy for controlling. The aim of the study was to identify factors associated with VL.
Methods
Case control study was carried out during October-November 2019 in Borena. A 1:2 Cases and controls were

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PRO/ALL> Announcements (03): 8th Int'l Meeting on Emerging Diseases & Surveillance (IMED)

Not Yet Classified -- Worldwide/Unknown


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PRO/AH/EDR> NSAID intoxication, vulture - Spain: (CT)

Poisoning -- Spain
Herrero-Villar M, Delepoulle É, Suárez-Regaladao L, et al. First diclofenac intoxication in a wild avian scavenger in Europe. Science of the Total Environment 782: 146890;
- Mod.PMB
HealthMap/ProMED map of Spain: ]
[See Also:
2011
----
NSAID intoxication, vulture - Asia: discontinued https://bit.ly/2RmQnjd
2009
----
NSAID intoxication, vulture - Asia (03): ketoprofen, pot. hazard
https://bit.ly/3a9aYOG
NSAID intoxication, vulture - Asia:

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Monday 12 April 2021

PRO/PL> Pepino mosaic virus, tomato - Serbia: 1st rep (JA)

Other Plant Disease -- Serbia
During a survey on tomato viruses conducted in Serbia, virus-like symptoms were observed in July 2019 in tomato plants (_Solanum lycopersicum_) grown in 2 separate plastic tunnels in Jablanica district. Affected plants showed yellow angular spots on the leaves accompanied by necrosis and distortion, as well as fruit discoloration. In these 2 tomato crops, disease incidence was estimated at 80%.
Laboratory analysis (serological, molecular and biological tests) confirmed the presence of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Americas (03): USA (MT)

Hantavirus -- United States
The Department of Public Health and Human Services (DPHHS) has confirmed that an adult man from Richland County has been diagnosed with [a] hantavirus [infection].
The Department of Public Health and Human Services (DPHHS) sent out the following:
The Department of Public Health and Human Services (DPHHS) has confirmed that an adult male from Richland County has been diagnosed with hantavirus infection.
The individual acquired the illness while working out of state where there was an

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PRO/PL> Sudden decline, mango - Pakistan: (SD)

Other Plant Disease -- Pakistan
Mangoes are under threat in Sindh by the fast-spreading mango death syndrome. "It causes the leaves and flowers to suddenly turn brown, wither, wilt and drop to the ground," explains a [mango grower]. It is for the 1st time that his orchard [of] 60 acres has been infected to such a vast extent. "Experts call it the sudden death disease. There is no other option but to cut the infected twigs and branches," he laments. "Growers also need to be more careful as the mango death syndrome can easily

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (59): Germany (BE) poultry, HPAI H5N8, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Germany
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Started: 1 Mar 2021
Confirmed: 2 Mar 2021
Reported: 8 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence
Last occurrence: 11 Jun 2017
Causal agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype: H5N8
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks (1)
Outbreak location 1: Berlin
Started: 1 Mar 2021
Epidemiological unit:

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (132): double variants, USA, India, diagnostics, transmission in children, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 2 077 538(19 425) / 33 474 (268)
European Region (61): 47 528 894 (222 804) / 1 008 023 (2786)
South East Asia Region (10): 16 177 826 (164 704) / 228 385 (1014)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 8 057 550 (48 440) /165 010 (612)
Region of the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza, human (06): Laos, H5N6, first case

Avian Influenza H5N6 -- Laos
The World Health Organization (WHO) reports the 1st human case of avian influenza A(H5N6) virus infection has been reported in Laos.
A 5-year-old boy from Luang Prabang province in northern Laos developed symptoms on [28 Feb 2021], was hospitalized and tested positive for A(H5N6) on [8 Mar 2021]. The boy recovered. He had exposure to poultry, and the poultry tested positive for H5N6. None of the contacts at home or in the hospital had the disease.
This is the 1st avian influenza A(H5N6)

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (58): India (HP) HPAI H5N8, goose, alert

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- India
With the 2nd wave of avian influenza killing at least 110 migratory birds over the past 2 weeks at Pong Lake [Maharana Pratap Sagar] in Kangra district, Himachal Forest Department on Wednesday [7 Apr 2021] issued an alert in the state and directed all divisional forest officers to maintain active surveillance in their jurisdiction.
Another 11 carcasses of migratory birds were found at Pong Lake on Wednesday [7 Apr 2021] taking the toll to 110 at the wetland due to bird flu. The H5N8 virus

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PRO/PL> Panama disease TR4, banana - Peru: (PI) susp, alert

Other Plant Disease -- Peru
Peruvian authorities say they have detected a possible case of fusarium wilt tropical race IV (TR4). If confirmed, Peru would be the 2nd country in Latin America to detect TR4, after Colombia in July 2019 [ProMED-mail post https://bit.ly/2Ct5W1r]. Ecuador -- which lies between Peru and Colombia -- and Central American countries have not yet detected the disease.
The country's phytosanitary watchdog Senasa said it had detected a possible case of the fungus on a 0.5 ha

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PRO/EDR> Diphtheria - Dominican Republic: lapses, vaccination coverage, COVID-19 pandemic

Diphtheria -- Dominican Republic
The Ministry of Public Health issued this Thursday [8 Apr 2021] an epidemiological alert to the occurrence of 10 diphtheria cases in different parts of the country, of which 4 have been confirmed, and 6 remain under investigation.
These cases have been reported so far in 2021, until this Epidemiological Week (EW), number 14 [29 Mar-4 Apr 2021]. Of the 10 notifications, 8 deaths have been reported; the samples were sent to the Centers for the Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta,

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Sunday 11 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (131): salivary, NY, variants, vacc.thrombotic, Japan,WHO,global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
-----------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 2 057 655 (19 498) / 33 205 (430)
European Region (61): 47 304 460 (255 787) / 1 005 141 (4370)
South East Asia Region (10): 16 013 122 (159 624) / 227 371 (979)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 8 009 110 (55 545) / 164 399 (608)
Region of the Americas (54): 57 758 745 (248 442) / 1 398

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PRO/AH/EDR> Rabbit hemorrhagic disease - USA (04): (AR) NOT

Hemorrhagic Fever -- United States
On 30 Mar 2021, the Animal and Plant Health Service (APHIS), Veterinary Services'(VS), National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Foreign Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (NVSL-FADDL) reported a detection of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Type 2 (RHDV2) in one domestic rabbit in Poinsett County, Arkansas. NVSL-FADDL notified the Arkansas State Animal Health Official and Department of Agriculture, which initiated appropriate disease response activities.
On 7 Apr 2021, ancillary testing

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Saturday 10 April 2021

PRO/EDR> Hand, foot & mouth disease update - Viet Nam: EV71

HFM-Enterovirus71 -- Vietnam
Hospitals in many localities in Viet Nam have recorded a surge in hand, foot and mouth disease cases among children in the past month, with the number of patients in serious conditions increasing and at least one death linked to the disease. HCM City has recorded a significant increase in the number of infected children.
A mother of a 3-year-old boy in District 4 said she noticed a rash with blisters on her child's palms and mouth when she picked him up after school. Dr Du Tuan Quy, deputy

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PRO/AH/EDR> Brucellosis - Algeria: (BT)

Brucellosis -- Algeria
The authorities of the State Veterinary Inspectorate of Batna revealed on Saturday [10 Apr 2021] that 31 people were infected with brucellosis in the municipality of Ares, 60 km [37 mi] east of the state, after consuming goat's milk.
This followed the discovery of a focus of the disease that infected 119 goats from a herd of 155, which were examined after the 1st cases were discovered last Thursday [8 Apr 2021].
While the affected were being treated in an official capacity, the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Dracunculus, zoonotic - Viet Nam

Other Human Disease -- Vietnam
Citation:
Thach PN, van Doorn HR, Bishop HS, et al.: Human infection with an unknown species of _Dracunculus_ in Viet Nam. Int J Infect Dis. April 2021; 105: 739-742. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.018.
Abstract
Guinea worm (GW) disease, caused by _Dracunculus medinensis_, is an almost eradicated waterborne zoonotic disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) currently lists GW as endemic in only 5 African countries.
In July 2020, the Vietnamese public health surveillance system detected

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (130): antibody evasion, variants, South Asia, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 2 037 619 (15 306) / 32 775 (105)
European Region (61): 47 041 257 (257 789) / 1 000 678 (4432)
South East Asia Region (10): 15 853 498 (145 724) / 226 392 (1021)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 7 953 565 (59 582) /163 791 (688)
Region of the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st Typhimurium - Denmark

Salmonella -- Denmark
Danish officials are investigating a _Salmonella_ outbreak that has affected more than 20 people with more than half of them admitted to hospitals. Since mid-November 2020, 23 people have been recorded with the same type of _Salmonella [enterica_ serotype] Typhimurium in the country, according to the Statens Serum Institut (SSI).
Those sick live across Denmark, and there are 13 women and 10 men affected. They are aged 2 to 92 years old, and 12 people have been hospitalized. Nine were from

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PRO/AH/EDR> Rabbit hemorrhagic disease - USA (03): (TX) domestic, wild

Other Animal Disease -- United States
Texas Parks and Wildlife Department (TPWD) has received test results confirming that rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2) was diagnosed in a wild black-tailed jackrabbit in Cottle County. This marks the 1st confirmed cases of RHDV2 in a wild rabbit in Texas in 2021 and follows the discovery of the disease in domestic rabbits in Tom Green County, which was announced in a recent Texas Animal Health Commission (TAHC) news release. This is also the 1st discovery of the disease in a domestic

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Friday 9 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Lumpy skin disease - Asia (03): Thailand (RE) cattle, 1st rep, OIE

Lumpy Skin Disease -- Thailand
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Started: 29 Mar 2021
Confirmed: 5 Apr 2021
Reported: 9 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence in the country
Causal agent: lumpy skin disease virus
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks (1)
Outbreak location 1: Saen Suk, Panom Phrai, Roi Et
Started: 29 Mar 2021
Epidemiological unit: village
Total animals

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (57): Germany (NW, ST) poultry, HPAI H5N8, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Germany
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Started: 1 Mar 2021
Confirmed: 2 Mar 2021
Reported: 8 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence
Last occurrence: 11 Jun 2017
Causal agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype: H5N8
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks (10)
Outbreak location 1: Delbruck, Paderborn, Nordrhein-Westfalen [North

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (129): Turkey, B1 variant USA, Chile, China, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 2 022 327 (12 570) / 32 670 (276)
European Region (61): 46 694 768 (221 379) / 995 607 (4420)
South East Asia Region (10): 15 707 774 (140 405) / 225 371 (840)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 7 893 983 (56 584) / 163 103 (627)
Region of the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Africa (03): Nigeria (EN)

Yellow Fever -- Nigeria
When news of the strange deaths broke, [NE] was in desperate need of vaccines for himself and his family. He is an indigene of Opi in Nsukka North local government area (LGA) of the state, one of the affected communities.
"When we found out that this disease is caused by mosquitoes, we knew nobody was safe, no matter where you are, and that brought a lot of panic among those of us living in Enugu," he told Premium Times. "Enugu town is dominated by Nsukka people. At least 6 out of 10 people

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (56): Ukraine, Russia, wild bird, HPAI H5, H5N5, OIE

Avian Influenza -- Ukraine
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Started: 2 Apr 2021
Confirmed: 2 Apr 2021
Reported: 5 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence
Last occurrence: 7 Apr 2017
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype: H5
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
New outbreaks
Summary of outbreaks
Total outbreaks (1)
Outbreak location 1: Balabanivskyi forest, Zhovtnevyi, Mykolayiv
Started: 2 Apr

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PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Americas (07): Canada, vaccine dose

Yellow Fever -- Canada
The Canadian Committee to Advise on Tropical Medicine and Travel (CATMAT) Interim Canadian Recommendations for using a fractional dose of yellow fever vaccine during a vaccine shortage was updated on [9 Mar 2021].
The previous fractional dosage recommendation has been rescinded and is no longer valid as the shortage of the yellow fever vaccine has been lifted, says the CATMAT.
The CATMAT now 'recommends that anyone who received a fractional dose of yellow fever vaccine while the shortage

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PRO/PL> Scab disease, apple - Turkey: multiple fungicide resistances

Other Plant Disease -- Turkey
Polat Z, Bayraktar H. Resistance of _Venturia inaequalis_ to multiple fungicides in Turkish apple orchards. J Phytopathol. 2021; 00: 1-9; ]
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail

[Scab disease (also called black spot) caused by the fungus _Venturia inaequalis_ affects apple, crab apple, loquat, and a few other related tree species. It is considered the most economically important disease of apples worldwide. Infected fruit is often unmarketable, losses can be more than 70 percent. Symptoms

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Thursday 8 April 2021

PRO/PL> Undiagnosed disease, watermelon - India: (OR)

Undiagnosed -- India
Watermelon farmers in the flood-prone areas in Kendrapara district are worried as an unidentified disease has affected their crops. The 'mystery' disease has caused the watermelons to break open and rot much before harvesting.
The fruits are being affected when they grow to the size of 1 kg [2.2 lb]. The farmers have applied pesticides on the advice of agriculture and horticulture experts, but that is not helping in any way. They are trying to tide over this crisis by harvesting the melons

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PRO/PL> Stem rust Ug99 group, wheat - Iraq: 1st rep

Other Plant Disease -- Iraq
A wheat survey was conducted in Iraq in 2019 and collected 27 stem rust samples. Seven samples were viable and were tested for races of _Puccinia graminis_ f. sp. _tritici_.
Spores were inoculated onto 20 North American stem rust differential lines. Out of the 7 samples, 4 were typed as TKKTF, 2 as TKTTF, one collected from an advanced breeding bread wheat line "Shahoo 2" showed mixed [infection types on seedling lines] carrying Sr11, Sr24, Sr36, and Sr31 [resistance genes]. All seedling

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (128): aerosols, protein targets, persistent antibodies, WHO

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
COVID-19 is a disease with unique characteristics including lung thrombosis (1) , frequent diarrhoea (2) , abnormal activation of the inflammatory response (3) and rapid deterioration of lung function consistent with alveolar oedema (4) . The pathological substrate for these findings remains elusive. Here we show that the lungs of patients with COVID-19 contain infected pneumocytes with abnormal morphology and frequent multinucleation. Generation of these syncytia results from activation of

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PRO/PL> Bacterial diseases, pome fruit - Kazakhstan

Other Plant Disease -- Kazakhstan
A survey of fruit crops in 13 regions of Kazakhstan was carried out to identify foci of fire blight, the extent of its spread, the range of affected crops, and the identification of infection reserves. It was established that the disease was mainly concentrated in the south and southeast of Kazakhstan, in the main fruit growing zone. Symptoms were characteristic of 2 bacterial diseases: namely, necrosis with _Pseudomonas syringae_ as the causative agent and fire blight as such, caused by

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PRO/AH/EDR> Vancomycin resistant enterococci - China: (Hong Kong) nosocomial

Hospital-Related Infection -- China
The following is issued on behalf of the Hospital Authority:
Regarding an earlier announcement on a cluster of patients confirmed to be carriers of vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) in a medical ward, the spokesperson for Tuen Mun Hospital made the following update today [7 Apr 2021]:
In accordance with the prevailing infection control guidelines, the hospital has conducted contact tracing. 2 more male patients (aged 53 and 69) were found to be VRE carriers without any symptoms of

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Wednesday 7 April 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (11): China (HN) domestic, OIE

African Swine Fever -- China
General information
Report type: immediate notification
Started on: 25 Mar 2021
Confirmed on: 27 Mar 2021
Reported on: 2 Apr 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence
Last occurrence: 22 Mar 2019
Causal agent: African swine fever virus
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory
This event pertains to a defined zone within the country.
Outbreak location: designated temporary animal quarantine spot, Ansha town, Changsha, Hunan
Date of start of the outbreak: 25 Mar

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PRO/AH/EDR> Equine herpesvirus - North America (09): USA, horse

Equine Herpes Virus -- United States
Results of testing on the samples (nasal swabs and whole blood - EDTA) collected from each horse stabled in Barn B at Blackwood Training Center in Woodford County, Kentucky, on [Wed 31 Mar 2021] have been reported negative for detection of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) DNA by PCR testing. In addition to the testing being completed, the horses have been monitored daily, and our findings support it has been greater than 14 days since any horse in Barn B was last potentially exposed to a

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (127): variants, new vaccine 2P spike, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 1 992 953 (11 046) / 31 953 (29)
European Region (61): 4 625 984 (143 909) / 986 342 (2824)
South East Asia Region (10): 15 438 907 (108 621) / 223 666 (648)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 7 785 717 (45 680) /161 826 (559)
Region of the

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