Tuesday 31 March 2020

PRO/EDR> COVID-19 update (67): research

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
The vaccine is called VPM1002 and was developed by scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin. In a large-scale study, several clinics in Germany are to test whether the tuberculosis vaccine also works against Covid-19. This has been announced by the Max Planck Society (MPG).
In particular, older people and healthcare workers should be vaccinated. The vaccine "could thus help to bridge the time until a vaccine that is specifically effective against

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Oceania (02): Papua New Guinea (SL) domestic, 1st rep, OIE

African Swine Fever -- Papua New Guinea
Information received on [and dated] 30 Mar 2020 from Dr Ilagi Puana, chief veterinary officer, Veterinary Services, National Agriculture Quarantine and Inspection Authority (NAQIA), Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 5 Mar 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 25 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease in the country
Causal agent: African swine fever virus
Nature of diagnosis: laboratory

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Asia (02): Pakistan (SD)

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever -- Pakistan
At a time when health authorities are dealing with the threat of coronavirus in the country, cases of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), which is a lethal viral disease, have started surfacing in Sindh, and 2 people have been diagnosed with the tickborne viral ailment within a week.
"Today, we had a 37 year old female patient from Tharparkar, who was bleeding from her nose and mouth. We sent her sample to the lab and the lab test confirmed that she is infected with Crimean-Congo

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Croatia: (SD) cattle, OIE

Anthrax -- Croatia
Information received on [and dated] 30 Mar 2020 from Dr Tatjana Karacic, assistant minister, chief veterinary officer, Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia
Summary:
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 26 Mar 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 28 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 30 Dec 2014
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: _Bacillus

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PRO/ALL> Obituary: Jacques Acar, ISID co-founder, former president

Not Yet Classified -- France
COVID-19 has just claimed an enormously important victim. The world has lost an infectious disease giant, struck down by this apocalyptic virus. It was on his return to France, after a final congress in the United States, that Jacques Acar was hospitalized on [Sat 20 Mar 2020] and became the victim of a rapid evolution of disease which would prevail a week later. After a life entirely dedicated to the fight against microbes, it was a virus that took him.
Jacques Fouad Acar was a great

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (66): countries with high local transmission

COVID-19 -- United States
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of the new coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] on the national territory, there are 101 739 total cases. At the moment 75 528 people are positive for the virus; 14 620 people have recovered. There are 27 795 patients hospitalized with symptoms, 3981 are in intensive care, and 43 752 are in home isolation.
There have been 11 591 reported deaths, however, this number can only be confirmed after the Istituto Superiore di Sanita has established the actual

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (65): global, vaping, new country, WHO

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 81 470 / 81 518 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 9661 / 9786 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 1000 cases with community spread)
------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 11 / ... / 76 / ... / 142 070 / 164 248 / USA
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 1694 / ... / 97 689 / 101 739 / Italy
2 Feb 2020: 1 / ... / 84 / ... / 80 110 / 87 956 / Spain
2 Feb 2020: 10 / ... / 130 / ... /

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PRO/PL> Citrus canker - Iraq: 1st report

Other Plant Disease -- Iraq
In Iraq, citrus canker (_Xanthomonas citri_ pv. _citri_ - EPPO A1 List) was detected on tangerine (_Citrus reticulata_), lemon (_Citrus limon_), and sweet orange (_Citrus sinensis_) from different orchards in Diyala, Baghdad and Babylon Governorates.
[Source paper: ]
--
communicated by:
ProMED-mail

[Citrus canker (CC) is caused by the bacteria _Xanthomonas axonopodis_ pathovar _citri_ (Xac; synonyms _X. campestris_ pv. _citri_, _X. citri_) or _X. a._ pv. _aurantifolii_ (Xaa),

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PRO/AH/EDR> Japanese encephalitis & other - India: (BR)

Japanese Encephalitis -- India
A child died due to acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in Bihar on Sunday (29 Mar 2020). "A child has lost his life due to acute encephalitis syndrome at Sri Krishna Medical College & Hospital (SKMCH) in Muzaffarpur," Dr SK Shahi, SKMCH superintendent said.
This is the 1st AES related death in the district this year [2020]. Last year [2019], over 140 children died due to AES in the district. As per official data, 121 deaths were reported at the government-run SKMCH, which handled the largest

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis E - Namibia (02)

Hepatitis E -- Namibia
The number of reported hepatitis E cases in Namibia are on the decrease, statistics released by the Ministry of Health on Saturday [28 Mar 2020] show. A total of 74 hepatitis E (HEV) cases were reported countrywide between 24 Feb and 8 Mar 2020, compared with 102 cases reported during the previous 2 weeks.
The Ministry of Health declared an outbreak of hepatitis E on 14 Dec 2017 in the capital, Windhoek. The outbreak then spread to other regions around April 2018, eventually involving a

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Monday 30 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Oceania: Papua New Guinea (SL) domestic, 1st outbreak

African Swine Fever -- Papua New Guinea
The multi-million pork industry in Papua New Guinea [PNG] is under threat with the African swine fever [ASF] now in the country. The [African] swine fever [virus] is a virus which causes a hemorrhagic fever with high mortality rates in domestic pigs, killing pigs in large numbers as quickly as a week after infection.
Found in Mendi, Southern Highlands Province, it's believed the disease was transported through carriers, including imported canned food. Southern Highlands and its neighbouring

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (64): countries with high local transmission

COVID-19 -- United States
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of the new coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] on the national territory, there are a total of 97 689 cases. At the moment 73 880 people are positive for the virus; 13 030 people have recovered. There are 27 386 patients hospitalized with symptoms, 3906 are in intensive care, and 42 588 are in home isolation.
There have been 10 779 reported deaths, however, this number can only be confirmed after the Istituto Superiore di Sanita has established the

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (63): global, lessons, new country, WHO

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 81 093 / 81 171 / 81 218 / 81 285 / 81 340 / 81 394 / 81 439 / 81 470 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 8961 / 9037 / 9137 / 9241 / 9332 / 9478 / 9583 / 9661 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 1000 cases with community spread)
------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 11 / ... / 76 / ... / 33 546 / 46 145 / 54 867 / 68 421 / 85 594 / 104 142 / 123 750 / 142 070 / USA
2

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PRO/EDR> Dengue/DHF update (04): Americas

Dengue -- United States
Cases by Country / Week updated* / Serotype / Total / Confirmed / Severe / Deaths
North America
USA / 12 [w/e 21 Mar 2020] / D? / 77 / 77 / 0 / 0
Central America and Mexico
Belize / 7 [w/e 15 Feb] / D1,3 / 473 / 156 / 0 / 0
Costa Rica / 9 [w/e 29 Feb] / D1,2 / 1275 / 77 / 0 / 0
El Salvador / 11 [w/e 14 Mar] / D2 / 2042 / 19 / 4 / 0
Guatemala / 11 [w/e 14 Mar] / D1,2,3 / 2808 / 1130 / 1 / 1
Honduras / 11 [w/e 14 Mar] / D1,2 / 10 966 / 21 / 939 / 9
Mexico / 12 [w/e 21 Mar] / D1,2,3,4

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Sunday 29 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - Malawi: (NU) bovine, st. pending

Foot and Mouth -- Malawi
Ntcheu district director of agriculture, environment, and natural resources, Edward Katunga, has confirmed an outbreak of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in the district.
According to Katunga, the highly infectious disease, which mainly affected cattle, pigs, sheep and goats, has affected Ndembo 2 Village in the area of Traditional Authority (TA) Ganya in Sharpe Valley Extension Planning Area (EPA).
So far, 7 cattle have clinically proven to be affected by the disease.
[Byline: Maston

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PRO/AH/EDR> Rabbit hemorrhagic disease - USA: (NM) rabbit

Other Animal Disease -- United States


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PRO/AH/EDR> Ricin - Germany: attempted attack

Poisoning -- Germany
A German court sentenced a 31-year-old Tunisian to 10 years in prison Thursday [26 Mar 2020] for planning a biological bomb attack with the deadly poison ricin.
An Islamic State sympathizer, the perpetrator had ordered castor seeds and explosives on the internet in order to build the toxic bomb, a spokesman for the higher regional court in Duesseldorf said.
He was found guilty of producing a biological weapon and of planning a serious act of violent subversion.
His German wife, 43,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Chikungunya (02): Americas, Asia

Chikungunya -- Worldwide/Unknown


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PRO/PL> Bipolaris leaf spot, maize - China: (SC) species survey

Other Plant Disease -- China
Many species of the genus _Bipolaris_ are important plant pathogens and often cause leaf spot, root rot, and seedling blight in an extremely wide range of hosts around the world. In recent years, maize leaf spot caused by _Bipolaris_ species has frequently occurred with complex symptoms and is becoming increasingly serious in Sichuan Province of China.
To investigate the population diversity of _Bipolaris_ spp. and their corresponding symptoms in maize, 747 samples of maize leaf spot were

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (15): Congo DR (NK, IT) cases, WHO, summaries, lessons

Ebola -- DR Congo
A new research paper examining the 2014-15 Ebola outbreak in Africa could hold crucial insights for policymakers grappling with the novel coronavirus pandemic -- namely, the importance of public engagement and trust during health crises.
The study (), co-authored by Darin Christensen, assistant professor of public policy in the UCLA Luskin School of Public Affairs, shows that where people lack confidence in their health providers, they are less likely to seek testing and treatment when they

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PRO/AH/EDR> Zika virus (02): Americas, Asia, research, observations

Zika virus -- Worldwide/Unknown
Background
Congenital Zika syndrome causes a spectrum of neurological symptoms with varying effects on function that require different therapeutic strategies. To date, this spectrum of effects and its clinical implications have not been completely described. We describe the neurological examination findings in toddlers and preschoolers, including predominant symptom complexes and comorbidities.
Methods
This study is a case-series neurological evaluation of 75 children with congenital Zika

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PRO/EDR> COVID-19 update (62): research updates

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
Background
In December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus, emerged in Wuhan, China. Since then, the city of Wuhan has taken unprecedented measures in response to the outbreak, including extended school and workplace closures. We aimed to estimate the effects of physical distancing measures on the progression of the COVID-19 epidemic, hoping to provide some insights for the rest of the world.
Methods
To examine how changes in population

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (61): countries with high local transmission

COVID-19 -- China
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of the new coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] on the national territory, there are 92 472 total cases. At the moment 70 065 people are positive for the virus. 12 384 people have recovered. There are 26 676 patients hospitalized with symptoms, 3856 in intensive care, and 39 533 are in home isolation.
There have been 10 023 reported deaths, however, this number can only be confirmed after the Istituto Superiore di Sanita has established the actual cause

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (60): global, cruise ships, lessons learned, WHO

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 81 093 / 81 171 / 81 218 / 81 285 / 81 340 / 81 394 / 81 439 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 8961 / 9037 / 9137 / 9241 / 9332 / 9478 / 9583 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 1000 cases with community spread)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 11 / ... / 76 / ... / 33 546 / 46 145 / 54 867 / 68 421 / 85 594 / 104 142 / 123 750 / USA
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... /

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Saturday 28 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> African horse sickness - Thailand: (NR) 1st report, OIE, request for information

African Horse Sickness -- Thailand
Information received on [and dated] 27 Mar 2020 from Dr Sorravis Thaneto, director general, Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, Thailand
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 24 Feb 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 27 Mar 2020
Report date: 27 Mar 2020
Date submitted to OIE: 27 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease in the country
Causal agent: African horse sickness

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PRO/EDR> Methanol poisoning - Iran: counterfeit treatment for COVID-19

Poisoning -- Iran
Standing over the still body of an intubated 5-year-old boy wearing nothing but a plastic diaper, an Iranian healthcare worker in a hazmat suit and mask begged the public for just one thing: Stop drinking industrial alcohol [methanol, the most common industrial alcohol] over fears about the new coronavirus.
The boy, now blind after his parents gave him toxic methanol in the mistaken belief it protects against the virus, is just one of hundreds of victims of an epidemic inside the pandemic

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Africa: ecological niche model

Anthrax -- Worldwide/Unknown
_Bacillus cereus_ biovar _anthracis_ (Bcbva) is an emergent pathogen causing anthrax in West and Central African countries. It shares multiple bacteriological and genomic characteristics with _Bacillus anthracis_, the gram-positive bacterium causing anthrax in mammals worldwide. However, Bcbva has been isolated only in tropical humid forested environments in Africa; thus, we attempted to characterize its potential distribution and the differences with _B. anthracis_ using an ecological niche

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (59): global, cruise ship, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- United States
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 81 093 / 81 171 / 81 218 / 81 285 / 81 340 / 81 394 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 8961 / 9037 / 9137 / 9241 / 9332 / 9478 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 1000 cases with community spread)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 11 / ... / 76 / ... / 33 546 / 46 145 / 54 867 / 68 421 / 85 594 / 104 142 / USA
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 1694 / ... / 59 138 / 63

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Friday 27 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (58): Belgium, cat, clinical case, RFI

COVID-19 -- Belgium
Q. Can pets infect humans if they have been in contact with infected persons?
A. It is known that the environment of COVID-19 patients can be highly contaminated. Pets that live together with infected persons are highly exposed to the virus. So far, only 3 cases are known (2 dogs in Hong Kong and one cat in Belgium) where the pet has been infected by humans. The dogs did not show any disease symptoms, and the cat had transient respiratory and digestive disorders. So far, there is no evidence

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (57): global, re-using PPE, DR Congo, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- United States
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 81 093 / 81 171 / 81 218 / 81 285 / 81 340 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 8961 / 9037 / 9137 / 9241 / 9332 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 1000 cases with community spread)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 11 / ... / 76 / ... / 33 546 / 46 145 / 54 867 / 68 421 / 85 594 / USA
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 1694 / ... / 59 138 / 63 927 / 69 176 / 74 386 / 80

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (36): Hungary (BK) poultry, HPAI H5N8, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Hungary
Information received on [and dated] 26 Mar 2020 from Dr Lajos Bognar, deputy state secretary chief veterinary officer, Food Chain Safety Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Budapest, Hungary
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 22 Mar 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 25 Mar 2020
Report date: 26 Mar 2020
Date submitted to OIE: 26 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 31 Jan

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Thursday 26 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (56): China (Hong Kong) animal, dog, final serology positive

COVID-19 -- China
A spokesman for the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD) said today (Thu 26 Mar 2020) that the latest positive serology test results of the Pomeranian that previously tested weak positive for COVID-19 virus proved that the dog has been infected with the virus.
Virus isolation was performed on previous samples taken from the Pomeranian with a negative result, indicating that no live virus was retrieved. This is in line with the amount of virus genetic material in the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Asia: China (YN)

Hantavirus -- China
A man in China has died after testing positive for the hantavirus, according to Chinese state media. Global Times reported the patient, a migrant worker from southwestern Yunnan Province, died while traveling on a chartered bus to Shandong Province for work on Monday [23 Mar 2020].
There is more than one strain of hantavirus, some more harmful than others, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. There is no approved cure or vaccine against hantaviruses in the

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PRO/AH> COVID-19 update (55): global, cruise ships, Congo DR, ECDC, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 81 093 / 81 171 / 81 218 / 81 285 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 8961 / 9037 / 9137 / 9241 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 1000 cases with community spread)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 1694 / ... / 59 138 / 63 927 / 69 176 / 74 386 / Italy
2 Feb 2020: 11 / ... / 76 / ... / 33 546 / 46 145 / 54 867 / 68 421 / USA
2 Feb 2020: 1 / ... /

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Wednesday 25 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> Botulism - USA (03): pet food recall

Botulism -- United States
Summary:
Company announcement date: Thu 19 Mar 2020
FDA publish date: Mon 23 Mar 2020
Product type: animal & veterinary, pet food, foodborne illness
Reason for announcement: potential for _Clostridium botulinum_
Company name: IcelandicPlus LLC
Brand name: Icelandic+
Product description: whole capelin fish pet treats
Company announcement:
Out of an abundance of caution, IcelandicPlus LLC of Ft. Washington, Pennsylvania (PA), is recalling its capelin pet treats because some of the

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PRO/ALL> New in IJID (03): World TB day 2020

Tuberculosis -- Worldwide/Unknown
Commemorating World TB Day 2020: "IT'S TIME" -- It's time to End the Global TB Epidemic
Simon Tiberi, Giovanni Battista Migliori, Jeremiah Muhwa Chakaya, Tereza Kaesava, ..., Eskild Petersen
Int J Infect Dis. 2020; 92(S); Mar 2020, S1-S4

Precision and personalized medicine and anti-TB treatment: Is TDM feasible for programmatic use?
Jan-Willem C. Alffenaar, Onno W. Akkerman, Hannah Yejin Kim, Simon Tiberi, Giovanni Battista Migliori
Int J Infect Dis. 2020; 92(S); Mar 2020,

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (54): global, Italy vs UK, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- Italy
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 81 093 / 81 171 / 81 218 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 8961 / 9037 / 9137 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 900 cases with community spread)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 1694 / ... / 59 138 / 63 927 / 69 176 / Italy
2 Feb 2020: 11 / ... / 76 / ... / 33 546 / 46 145 / 54 867 / USA
2 Feb 2020: 1 / ... / 84 / ... / 28 768 / 35 136 / 42

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (35): Europe, poultry, wild, HPAI H5N8, LPAI H6N1

Avian Influenza H5N8, Avian Influenza -- Worldwide/Unknown
Situation assessment
--------------------
Germany reported an outbreak of HPAI H5N8 in breeding turkeys on 21 Mar 2020, in the Aurich region, in the north-west of the country, close to border with the Netherlands. The affected premises is a large turkey breeder farm with 10 579 birds. Of these, 130 were reported to have died from disease, and the remaining birds were culled. Following an outbreak in a backyard poultry holding on 12 Mar 2020 in Leipzig, a wild bird case, in a common buzzard

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Tuesday 24 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Uganda: (ZO) ex DR Congo, 2019

Plague -- Uganda
Plague, an acute zoonosis caused by _Yersinia pestis_, is endemic in the West Nile region of northwestern Uganda and neighboring northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) (1-4). The illness manifests in multiple clinical forms, including bubonic and pneumonic plague. Pneumonic plague is rare, rapidly fatal, and transmissible from person to person via respiratory droplets. On 4 Mar 2019, a patient with suspected pneumonic plague was hospitalized in West Nile, Uganda, 4 days after

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (10)

Measles -- Worldwide/Unknown
Five children have died, and around 100 are infected in remote Rangamati villages of Bangladesh.
As many as 31 children and 2 young adults suffering from measles were brought to the Lama Upazila Health Complex by tractors after the death of another in Lailyapara village of the Mro tribe in Bandarban on 16 Mar 2020.
As many as 5 children have died from measles in remote villages of Baghaichhari Upazila in the hills district of Rangamati. Around 100 other children have been infected by the

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (53): research updates

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO
---
If you are healthy, you only need to wear a mask if you are taking care of a person with suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection.
China
-----
- People at moderate risk *of infection: surgical or disposable mask for medical use.
People at moderate risk of infection include those working in areas of high population density (eg, hospitals, train stations), those have been or live with somebody who is quarantined, and administrative staff, police, security, and couriers whose work is

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (52): global, comorbidities, advice, cruises, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 81 093 / 81 171 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 8961 / 9037 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 800 cases with community spread)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 1694 / ... / 59 138 / 63 927 / Italy
2 Feb 2020: 11 / ... / 76 / ... / 33 546 / 46 145 / USA
2 Feb 2020: 1 / ... / 84 / ... / 28 768 / 35 136 / Spain
2 Feb 2020: 10 / ... / 130 / ...

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Monday 23 March 2020

PRO/PL> Blast & undiagnosed rust, wheat - Bangladesh: (RP)

Other Plant Disease -- Bangladesh
Both wheat and rice blast are caused by the fungus _Pyricularia oryzae_ (synonym _Magnaporthe oryzae_). Although the pathogens are currently classified as the same species, the wheat blast pathogen is a genetically distinct population (referred to as _P. oryzae_ Triticum population) and does not cause disease in rice. Over 50 species of grasses and sedges can be affected by related fungal strains, each of which generally appears to affect only a limited number of host species. Further work is

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (34): Germany (NI) poultry, HPAI H5N8, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Germany
Information received on [and dated] 21 Mar 2020 from Dr. Dietrich Rassow, Director for Animal Health and Animal Welfare, Chief Veterinary Officer, Directorate of Animal Health and Animal Welfare, Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Berlin, Germany
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 20 Mar 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 20 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 12 Jun

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (51): global, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 80 860 / 80 881 / 80 894 / 80 928 / 80 967 / 81 008 / 81 054 / 81 093 Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 8236 / 8320 / 8413 / 8565 / 8652 / 8799 / 8897 / 8961 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 500 cases with community spread)
---------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 1694 / ... / 24 747 / 27 980 / 31 506 / 35 713 / 41 035 / 47 021 / 53 578 / 59 138 / Italy
2 Feb 2020: 11 / ... / 76 /

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PRO/AH> African swine fever - Europe (08): Poland (LB) domestic pig, commercial farm

African Swine Fever -- Poland
For the 1st time, African swine fever [ASF] has also hopped onto a large domestic pig farm in Western Poland, affecting over 23 700 pigs. It is the largest affected pig farm since Poland started reporting ASF outbreaks in 2014.
The outbreak was discovered on 18 Mar 2020, and the confirmation was given on Sat 21 Mar 2020, according to the German agricultural title Top Agrar []. The report has already been filed in the European Animal Disease Notification System (ADNS) and has also been

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (50): China (Hong Kong) dog, 2nd case PCR positive, OIE

COVID-19 -- China
Information received on 21 Mar 2020 from Dr. Thomas Sit, chief veterinary officer/assistant director (Inspection & Quarantine), Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR-PRC)
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 18 Mar 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 20 Mar 2020
Report date: 20 Mar 2020
Date submitted to OIE: 21 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: emerging

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Asia: Pakistan (SD)

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever -- Pakistan
A Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) case was reported at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC) here on Saturday.
Executive Director, JPMC, Dr Seemin Jamali, while talking to PPI, said a 40-year-old man, a resident of Pak Colony, was reported in the emergency department with Congo fever related complications. She informed that the patient is a butcher by profession and he is patient with a positive PCR CCHF.
She informed that the patient was first shifted to Civil Hospital

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PRO/PL> Early dying syndrome, potato - Canada

Other Plant Disease -- Canada
Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food, Marie-Claude Bibeau, announced a federal investment to support the Canadian Horticultural Council's (CHC) research into managing the potato early dying (PED) disease. The horticulture sector contributed additional [funds].
The purpose of the project is said to provide potato growers with the knowledge, tools, and technologies they need to manage PED, which results in premature aging [of potato vines], limiting potato yield by as much as 50 percent. The

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Sunday 22 March 2020

PRO/EDR> Pneumococcal disease - France: (PR) Marseille, shipyard workers

Pneumonia -- France
Cassir N, Pascal L, Ferrieux D, Bruel C, et al.
Abstract
----------
We report the 3rd outbreak of pneumococcal pneumonia within one year among workers in European shipyards. During January and February 2020, 37 cases of pneumonia were identified in a shipyard in Marseille, southeastern France. Outbreak control measures were implemented, including a mass vaccination campaign with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine targeting all shipyard workers. Given the high mobility of

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PRO/AH/EDR> E. coli EHEC - USA (03): O103, sprouts, CDC

E. coli -- United States
CDC, public health and regulatory officials in several states, and the FDA are investigating a multistate outbreak of _E. coli_ O103 infections linked to clover sprouts. As of 17 Mar 2020, 39 people infected with the outbreak strain of _E. coli_ O103 have been reported from 6 states.
Illnesses started on dates ranging from 6 Jan 2020 to 2 Mar 2020. Ill people range in age from 1 to 79 years, with a median age of 28. 53 percent of ill people are female. Two people have been hospitalized. No

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PRO/AH/EDR> Malaria - Rwanda: rice farming

Malaria -- Rwanda
Rice farming is a priority crop in Rwanda but working in the flooded fields means 10 hours a day exposed to mosquitoes.
Rwanda's tens of thousands of acres of bright green, grassy rice fields present a paradox for the landlocked East African country. The crop is a dietary staple for virtually every family here, and it brings in a good chunk of the country's GDP. So, the government is embarking on an aggressive campaign to produce even more. But the waterlogged fields where the grain grows

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PRO/AH/EDR> Malaria - India: (DL)

Malaria -- India
With 4 new cases reported last week, the number of patients suffering from malaria has reached 19 this year [2020].
Last year [2019], not even a single case of malaria was reported [up to the same] time. According to SDMC [South Delhi Municipal Corporation], mosquito-breeding has been reported in at least 118 households, and 393 legal notices have been issued this year [2020].
There have been 15 prosecutions of individuals by the civic bodies up to 29 Feb 2020. At least 22 cases of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (14): Congo DR (NK,IT) cases, WHO, summaries

Ebola -- DR Congo


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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (49): global, POS test approved, ILI surv, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 80 860 / 80 881 / 80 894 / 80 928 / 80 967 / 81 008 / 81 054 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 8236 / 8320 / 8413 / 8565 / 8652 / 8799 / 8897 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 500 cases with community spread)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 1694 / ... / 24 747 / 27 980 / 31 506 / 35 713 / 41 035 / 47 021 / 53 578 / Italy
2 Feb 2020: 11 / ... /

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Saturday 21 March 2020

PRO/EDR> Diphtheria - UK: epidemiology 2009-2017

Diphtheria -- United Kingdom
Gower CM, Scobie A, Fry NK, Litt DJ, et al.
Abstract
--------
Background. Diphtheria is a potentially fatal disease caused by toxigenic strains of _Corynebacterium diphtheriae_, _C. ulcerans_, or _C. pseudotuberculosis_.
Aim. Our objective was to review the epidemiology of diphtheria in the United Kingdom (UK) and the impact of recent changes in public health management and surveillance.
Methods. Putative human toxigenic diphtheria isolates in the UK are sent for species

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PRO/AH/EDR> Rabies (08): Americas (USA, Canada) cat, dog, fox, skunk, human exp

Rabies -- United States
The Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC) reported today [13 Feb 2020] 4 people have been referred to their healthcare providers after being potentially exposed to rabies by a stray cat testing positive for the disease.
The potential exposure occurred 10 Feb 2020 when the victims were potentially exposed by a black and white stray cat near the Celanese Road exit off Interstate 77 in Rock Hill, South Carolina. The stray cat was submitted to DHEC's laboratory for testing on 11

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (48): global, cruise ships Australia, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 80 860 / 80 881 / 80 894 / 80 928 / 80 967 / 81 008 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 8236 / 8320 / 8413 / 8565 / 8652 / 8799 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 500 cases with community spread)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 1694 / ... / 24 747 / 27 980 / 31 506 / 35 713 / 41 035 / 47 021 / Italy
2 Feb 2020: 1 / ... / 84 / ... / 7845 / 9942 /

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Friday 20 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (47): research

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
Background: No therapeutics have yet been proven effective for the treatment of severe illness caused by SARS-CoV-2.
Methods: We conducted a randomized, controlled, open-label trial involving hospitalized adult patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, which causes the respiratory illness COVID-19, and an oxygen saturation (SaO2) of 94% or less while they were breathing ambient air or a ratio of the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) to the fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) of less than

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (09): China (HE) domestic, OIE

African Swine Fever -- China
Information received on 17 Mar 2020 from Dr. Huang Baoxu, Secretary of the Party Leadership Group, Animal Health and Epidemiology Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China (People's Rep. of)
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 9 Mar 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 13 Mar 2020
Report date: 17 Mar 2020
Date submitted to OIE: 17 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous

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PRO/AH/EDR> Monkey die-off, India: (KA) uterine infection, RFI

Animal Die-off -- India
A disease keeps spreading among the monkey population. A large number of female monkeys died at Vettikkattiri taking the death toll to 11. Veterinary surgeon Dr. David Abraham said that the cause of death was due to pus formation in the uterus. The doctor clarified that although humans would not be infected with this, it is better to avoid contact with these animals.
As monkeys do not have contacts with each other, it is unlikely that it could spread among their habitats. The results of the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Equine influenza - USA (02): (IA,NE) horse

Equine Influenza -- United States
An attending veterinarian reported equine influenza was confirmed in one horse in Pottawattamie County, Iowa, on [28 Feb 2020]. The 6-year-old Appaloosa gelding had onset of clinical signs on [25 Feb] 2020 including coughing, fever, and nasal and ocular discharge. The unvaccinated gelding was alive at the time of reporting. On the premises, 5 other horses were suspected with equine influenza and 20 others were exposed.
It was noted at testing the confirmed gelding also tested positive for

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PRO/AH/EDR> Listeriosis - USA (02): (MN) restaurant, advisory

Listeriosis -- United States
On Tuesday, [10 Mar 2020], The Minnesota Department of Health issued a health advisory in relation to a _Listeria_ outbreak along Highway [94]. The advisory was directed specifically to local and tribal health departments, hospitals, clinics, other facilities and any other healthcare providers. The advisory was not issued to the public as the outbreak is not believed to be linked to any products currently on the market.
The advisory notes that Minnesota experiences approximately 8 cases of

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (46): global, comment, cruise ships, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 80 860 / 80 881 / 80 894 / 80 928 / 80 967 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 8236 / 8320 / 8413 / 8565 / 8652 /South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 500 cases with community spread)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 1694 / ... / 24 747 / 27 980 / 31 506 / 35 713 / 41 035 / Italy
19 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 978 / ... / 13 938 / 14 991 / 16 169 / 17 361 / 18

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Thursday 19 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (33): USA (NC) poultry, LPAI H7N3, OIE

Avian Influenza -- United States
Information received on [and dated] 16 Mar 2020 from Dr Mark Davidson, associate administrator, USDA-APHIS, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, United States of America
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 10 Mar 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 12 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 30 Aug 2019
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: low pathogenic

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Zimbabwe (11): contaminated meat in markets

Anthrax -- Zimbabwe
Mahusekwa villagers who are into cattle farming told 263Chat how they have been losing cattle on a daily basis due to anthrax adding that they are no longer consuming beef due to the outbreak. "You eat beef in Harare because you don't know the real situation here. Cattle are dying daily when the situation was bad, you could wake up only to find 5 or 6 cattle lying down in the kraal. Butchery owners would then come, and sometimes dig it up, skin it and carry the meat to Harare, that is the meat

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Azerbaijan: (SM) sheep, OIE

Anthrax -- Azerbaijan
Information received on [and dated] Wed 18 Mar 2020 from Dr. Galib Abdulaliyev, Head, CVO, Animal Health Department, Azerbaijan Food Safety Agency, Baku, Azerbaijan
Summary:
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 11 Mar 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 17 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 28 Aug 2019
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: _Bacillus anthracis _
Nature of

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (45): China (Hong Kong) animal, dog, 2nd case PCR positive

COVID-19 -- China
A spokesman for the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD) said today [Thu 19 Mar 2020] that a pet dog sent to the AFCD has repeatedly tested positive for the COVID-19 virus. This is another infected case following an earlier case in which a 17-year-old Pomeranian dog tested weak positive during repeated tests for the virus.[see comment].
The current case involves a German Shepherd dog that lived in a residence at Pok Fu Lam. When the owner was confirmed with COVID-19,

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (44): global, severe dis, long-term care, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 80 860 / 80 881 / 80 894 / 80 928 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 8236 / 8320 / 8413 / 8565 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 500 cases with community spread)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 1694 / ... / 24 747 / 27 980 / 31 506 / 35 713 / Italy
19 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 978 / ... / 13 938 / 14 991 / 16 169 / 17 361 / Iran
2 Feb 2020: 1 / ...

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Wednesday 18 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed die-off, pronghorn - USA: (WY) RFI

Animal Die-off -- United States
More than 50 pronghorn have died near Gillette from the same bacteria that killed more than 75 of them last year [2019]. The outbreak is being investigated by the Wyoming Game and Fish Department in collaboration with the Wyoming State Veterinary Laboratory.
The deaths north of Gillette were noted beginning [15 Feb 2020] and are blamed preliminarily on _Mycoplasma bovis_. Game and Fish is monitoring the situation and has sent field personnel to the area. The department is working with

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (43): global, ship crew outbreak, HS whiz, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 80 860 / 80 881 / 80 894 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 8236 / 8320 / 8413 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 500 cases with community spread)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 1694 / ... / 24 747 / 27 980 / 31 506 / Italy
19 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 978 / ... / 13 938 / 14 991 / 16 169 / Iran
2 Feb 2020: 1 / ... / 84 / ... / 7845 / 9942 / 11 826

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PRO/PL> Stripe rust & head blight, wheat - China

Other Plant Disease -- China
Stripe rust (also called yellow rust) of cereals is caused by the fungus _Puccinia striiformis_. The disease affects wheat (_Triticum aestivum_), durum wheat (_T. turgidum_), some barley varieties, triticale (wheat/rye hybrids) and a number of wild grasses. It causes yellow stripes on leaves, which leads to loss of photosynthetic ability and plant vigour as well as stunting of plants. Yield losses of 40-100 percent have been reported in wheat.
Spores are wind dispersed in several cycles

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (32): Philippines (NE) backyard poultry, HPAI H5N6, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N6 -- Philippines
Information received on [and dated] 17 Mar 2020 from Dr Ronnie Domingo, Officer-In-Charge, Chief Veterinary Officer, Bureau of Animal Industry, Department of Agriculture, Manila, Philippines
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 6 Mar 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 13 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 9 Mar 2018
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: highly

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Tuesday 17 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus: Americas, USA (LA) mosquitoes

West Nile Virus -- United States
The 1st positive sample of West Nile virus reported in Louisiana this year [2020] was found on 1 Mar [2020] in a trap not far from Claiborne Elementary school in Baton Rouge.
While this potentially deadly virus has been found earlier in the year, most years, it waits until May or later to surface, and last year [2019], it did not appear in Baton Rouge until August 2019, said Randy Vaeth, interim director of East Baton Rouge Parish's Mosquito Abatement and Rodent Control office. "It is quite

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (31): Germany (SN) backyard poultry, HPAI H5N8, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Germany
Information received on [and dated] 13 Mar 2020 from Dr. Dietrich Rassow, Director for Animal Health and Animal Welfare, Chief Veterinary Officer, Directorate of Animal Health and Animal Welfare, Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Berlin, Germany
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 12 Mar 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 13 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: March

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (01): Asia, Africa

Cholera -- Yemen
1. Guerrant RL, Carneiro-Filho BA and Dillingham RA. Cholera, diarrhea, and oral rehydration therapy: triumph and indictment. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;37(3):398-405; available at:
.
2. Gregorio GV, Gonzales ML, Dans LF and Martinez EG. Polymer-based oral rehydration solution for treating acute watery diarrhoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(2):CD006519. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006519.pub2; available at:
.
3. Gore SM, Fontaine O and Pierce NF. Impact of rice based oral rehydration solution

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (42): global, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 80 735 / 80 754 / 80 954 / 80 932 / 80 814 / 80 824 / 80 849 / 80 860 / 80 881 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 7382 / 7478 / 7755 / -- / 7979 / 8086 / 8162 / 8236 / 8320 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 500 cases with community spread)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 1694 / ... / 7375 / 9172 / 10 149 / 12 462 / 15 113 / 17 660 / 21 157 / 24

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PRO/AH/EDR> Kyasanur Forest disease - India (14): (KA)

Kyasanur Forest Disease -- India
Even as coronavirus [COVID-19] fear has gripped the state [Karnataka], a death has occurred due to monkey fever, also known as Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD). [K] (aged 40) from Halthota village, Ksaguppe near Aralagodu, Sagar [sub district] in the district [Shimoga, Karnataka] breathed his last due to this disease on [Sat 14 Mar 2020].
The man was suffering from severe fever and headache and was under treatment at the government hospital. Blood tests proved that he was suffering from monkey

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PRO/EDR> Undiagnosed illness - Bangladesh: (CG) fatal, children, RFI

Undiagnosed -- Bangladesh
A child died from an "unknown disease" and around 40 people were affected in a span of 3 days in a small neighbourhood of Bandarban, said locals.
People have started falling ill in Puraton Lailiya Mro Para, a remote area in Lama upazila [sub district], since Friday [13 Mar], they said, adding that 1-year-old [child] died on that day.
His father said his other son, aged 3, is also in critical condition due to the same disease.
Almost half of the total of 82 people in the neighbourhood

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PRO/PL> Light leaf spot, oilseed rape - UK

Other Plant Disease -- United Kingdom
Almost epidemic levels of light leaf spot [LLS] are being found in oilseed rape crops. The latest results from 160 samples evaluated in February [2020] have shown extremely high levels of infection compatible with an epidemic, said Philip Walker, ADAS [agricultural consultants]. The results are higher than normal, almost certainly as a consequence of the continued recent mild weather.
"With 88% of samples showing symptoms -- and, of those, 70% showing infection levels above 25%, -- I would

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (08): China (SC) domestic, OIE

African Swine Fever -- China
Information received on 16 Mar 2020 from Dr Huang Baoxu, Secretary of the Party Leadership Group, Animal Health and Epidemiology Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China (People's Rep. of)
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 9 Mar 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 12 Mar 2020
Report date: 14 Mar 2020
Date submitted to OIE: 16 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence:

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Monday 16 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (41): global, surge capacity, vaccine development, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
2 Feb 2020: 17 187 / ... / 80 024 / ... / 80 735 / 80 754 / 80 954 / 80 932 / 80 814 / 80 824 / 80 849 / 80 860 / Mainland China
2 Feb 2020: 15 / ... / 3726 / ... / 7382 / 7478 / 7755 / -- / 7979 / 8086 / 8162 / 8236 / South Korea
Countries with major activity (more than 500 cases with community spread)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 Feb 2020: 2 / ... / 1694 / ... / 7375 / 9172 / 10 149 / 12 462 / 15 113 / 17 660 / 21 157 / 24 747 / Italy
19

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PRO/PL> Grapevine pinot gris virus - Middle East: 1st report (Lebanon)

Other Plant Disease -- Lebanon
_Grapevine Pinot gris virus_ (_Trichovirus_, GPGV) was detected for the 1st time in Lebanon. Samples were collected randomly from 9 vineyards located in Bekaa Valley. Out of 108 samples, 14 tested positive for GPGV. None of the infected vines showed disease symptoms. Infection with GPGV was found in single or multiple infections with grapevine virus A and grapevine fleck virus.
[ref: Kubaa RA, Choueiri E, Jreijiri F, El Khoury Y, and Saldarelli P. First report of grapevine Pinot gris virus

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Sunday 15 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> Equine infectious anemia - North America: (USA, Canada) horses

Equine Infectious Anemia -- United States
Acute
-----
When horses are exposed to EIAv, they may develop severe, acute signs of disease and die within 2 to 3 weeks. This form of the disease is the most damaging and the most difficult to diagnose because the signs appear rapidly, and often only an elevated body temperature is noted. 1/5th of a teaspoon [approximately 1 mL] of blood from a horse with acute EIA contains enough virus to infect a million horses. Clinical signs of acute infectiousness are rather nonspecific; in mild cases

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PRO/AH/EDR> Equine herpesvirus - North America (05): USA (MD, SD) horse

Equine Herpes Virus -- United States
An attending veterinarian has confirmed a horse with respiratory equine herpesvirus (EHV-1) at a Montgomery County, Maryland boarding facility. An additional 60 horses have been exposed, and all are now under a voluntary quarantine, according to a 5 Mar 2020 Equine Disease Communication Center report.
[Byline: Jennifer Whittle]
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap Alerts

******
[2] South Dakota
Date: 13 Mar 2020
Source: The Horse [edited]

South Dakota Animal

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (40): global, Europe epicenter, lockdown, phone tracking, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of the new coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] on the national territory, there are 21 157 total cases. At the moment 17 750 people are positive for the virus. 1966 people have recovered. There are 8372 patients hospitalized with symptoms, 1518 in intensive care, and 7860 are in home isolation.
There have been 1441 reported deaths, however this number can be confirmed only after the Istituto Superiore di Sanita has established the actual cause of the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Lassa fever - West Africa (14): Nigeria

Lassa Fever -- Nigeria
Key points
----------
Table 1: Summary of current week (10), cumulative from epiweeks 1-10, 2020, and comparison with previous year (2019).
Current week (10) [2-8 Mar 2020) / Cumulative weeks 1-10 / Cumulative 2019 weeks 1-10
Suspected cases: 364 / 3416 / 1752
Confirmed cases: 81 / 855 / 472
Probable cases: 2 / 11 / 15
Deaths: 9 / 144 / 110
Case fatality rate (CFR): 11.1% / 16.8% / 23.3%
Number of states affected: 15 / 27 / 21
Local government areas (LGAs) affected: 29 / 119 /

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Saturday 14 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (13): Congo DR (NK, IT) cases, summaries, WHO

Ebola -- DR Congo


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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (39): global, more countries, stability, mitigation impact, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of the new coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] on the national territory, there are 17 660 total cases. At the moment 14 995 people are positive for the virus. 1439 people have recovered. There are 7426 patients hospitalized with symptoms, 1328 in intensive care and 6201 are in home isolation.
There have been 1016 reported deaths, however, this number can only be confirmed after the Istituto Superiore di Sanita has established the actual cause of the

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Friday 13 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> Lyme disease - USA: (ME) high prevalence in ticks, 2019, other tick-borne dz.

Lyme Disease -- United States
Nearly 40% of Maine deer ticks submitted to the University of Maine Tick Lab in 2019 tested positive for Lyme disease, according to the lab's 1st tick surveillance annual report. A smaller percentage tested positive for _Anaplasma_ and _Babesia_, 2 other causes of common tick-borne diseases.
In addition to providing information about the prevalence of tick-borne diseases in Maine, the report gives a picture of where and when people are encountering ticks throughout the state.
"This will

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PRO/AH/EDR> Listeriosis - USA: fatal, enoki mushrooms, 2016-2019, recall, alert

Listeriosis -- United States
At a glance:
Reported cases: 36
States: 17
Hospitalizations: 30
Deaths: 4
Recall: Yes
-----------------
Recall information
------------------
- On 9 Mar 2020, Sun Hong Foods, Inc. recalled enoki mushrooms because they may be contaminated with _Listeria monocytogenes_ bacteria.
- Enoki mushrooms are white, with long stems and small caps.
- Enoki mushrooms from Sun Hong Foods were sold in 7.05 oz / 200 g clear plastic packaging with a green label.
- "Product of Korea" is labeled on

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (38): global, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of the new coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] on the national territory, there are 15 113 total cases. At the moment 12 839 people are positive for the virus. 1258 people have recovered. There are 6650 patients hospitalized with symptoms, 1153 in intensive care, and 5036 are in home isolation.
There have been 1016 reported deaths, however this number can only be confirmed after the Istituto Superiore di Sanità has established the actual cause of the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - South Africa: (MP) cattle, st SAT 2, OIE

Foot and Mouth -- South Africa
Information received on [and dated] 10 Mar 2020 from Dr Bothle Michael Modisane, chief director, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Animal Production and Health, Pretoria, South Africa
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 3 Mar 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 5 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 7 Dec 2017
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Foot

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Thursday 12 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (37): China (Hong Kong) animals, dog, prelim. serology negative

COVID-19 -- China
A spokesman for the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD) said today [Thu 12 Mar 2020] that the blood test result of a pet dog which had repeatedly tested weakly positive for COVID-19 virus is negative.
The AFCD collected samples from the dog 5 times for tests since late February [2020] and detected low levels of the COVID-19 virus from its nasal and oral cavity samples. A blood sample was also taken from the dog on [3 Mar 2020] for serological testing and the result is

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PRO/AH/EDR> Kyasanur Forest disease - India (13): (KA)

Kyasanur Forest Disease -- India
Every year, between November and May, the Karnataka government and its health infrastructure braces itself to respond to the Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD), also known as 'monkey fever'.
The Nodal Officer for KFD in Karnataka, Dr Kiran told TNM [The News Minute] on [Wed 11 Mar 2020] that 97 cases of monkey fever have been reported in the state. The worst affected region is Thirthahalli taluk in Shivamogga district, where 68 cases have been reported. Thirthahalli is infamous for its repeated

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PRO/PL> Undiagnosed disease, coffee - Nepal: (GA)

Undiagnosed -- Nepal
Coffee farmers have been dismayed by a new disease affecting their crops in Gandaki Province [Pradesh 4]. Coffee is cultivated in 9 out of 11 districts in the province. Farmers have reported symptoms such as wilting of leaves, untimely shedding of fruits and, ultimately, wilting of the total plant.
In Gandaki Province, Kaski is the 2nd largest coffee-producing district. Last year [2019], Kaski produced 200 000 kg [440 924 lbs] coffee. This year [2020], however, as per the National Tea and

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (36): global, pandemic declared, Denmark, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of the new coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] on the national territory, there are 12 462 total cases. At the moment 10 590 people are positive for the virus. 1045 people have recovered. There are 5838 patients hospitalized with symptoms, 1028 in intensive care, and 3724 are in home isolation.
There have been 827 reported deaths, however this number can only be confirmed after the Istituto Superiore di Sanita has established the actual cause of the

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Wednesday 11 March 2020

PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (04): CDC

Hepatitis A -- United States
State / Case / Total hospitalizations n (%) / Deaths / Start date / Current through / Av. weekly cases since last post
Total / 31801 / 19449 (61%) / 322 / -- / 7 Mar 2020 / 276
States with an ongoing outbreak
-------------------------------------------
Alabama / 288 / 179 (62%) / NR / 1 Sep 2018 / 31 Jan 2020 / 15
Arizona / 597 / 484 (81%) / 8 / 1 Nov 2018 / 5 Mar 2020 / 0
Arkansas / 482 / 256 (53%) / 3 / 7 Feb 2018 / 6 Mar 2020 / 5
Colorado / 361 / 259 (72%) / 2 / 1 Oct 2018 / 4

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - China: (LN)

Hepatitis A -- China
Cases of hepatitis A found in northeast China's Liaoning Province have caused public concern over a potential outbreak. A local health authority said on Saturday [7 Mar 2020] that cases of the disease were only sporadic in the region, but it did not reveal the number of cases.
"Rumors about people getting hepatitis A from eating undercooked seafood have been going around the city for 10 days," [ZD], a resident in the coastal city of Dandong, Liaoning Province, told the Global Times on

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (35): global, USA (NY) actions, hypertension, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of the new coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] on the national territory, there are 10 149 total cases. At the moment 8514 people are positive for the virus. 1004 people have recovered. There are 5038 patients hospitalized with symptoms, 877 in intensive care, and 2599 are in home isolation.
There have been 631 reported deaths, this number can be confirmed only after the Istituto Superiore di Sanità has established the actual cause of death.
The

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PRO/AH/EDR> Scrapie, sheep - Iceland: (NV) OIE

Scrapie -- Iceland
Information received on [and dated] 9 Mar 2020 from Dr Sigurborg Daoadottir, Chief Veterinary Officer, Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority, Ministry of Industries and Innovation, Selfoss, Iceland
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 12 Feb 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 21 Feb 2020
Report date: 9 Mar 2020
Date submitted: 9 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: reoccurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 1 Feb

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Tuesday 10 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> Kyasanur Forest disease - India (12): (KA) fatal

Hemorrhagic Fever -- India
KFD is transmitted primarily through bites of infected ticks (_Haemaphysalis spinigera_). The KFD outbreaks coincide with high nymphal activity of _Haemaphysalis spinigera_ ticks -- the main vector of the disease -- from January to May. Monkeys acquire the infection through infected tick bites and act as amplifying hosts with the virus getting transmitted to other ticks on monkeys. Also, when an infected monkey dies, ticks drop off from its body, thereby generating hotspots of infected

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - USA: (TX) vaccination strongly recommended

Anthrax -- United States
The State Veterinarian of Texas encourages livestock owners to have their animals vaccinated against anthrax this spring [2020]. "Following last year's [2019] outbreak in Southwest Texas, we encourage livestock owners in the previously affected and surrounding area to consult with their veterinarian about vaccinating animals before warmer weather arrives," said Dr Andy Schwartz, Texas State Veterinarian and Executive Director. "The anthrax vaccine is dependable and proven to protect livestock

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (34): global, China, Italy total lockdown, Nigeria, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of the new coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] on the national territory, there are 9172 total cases. At the moment 7985 people are positive for the virus. 724 people have recovered. There are 4316 patients hospitalized with symptoms, 733 in intensive care, and 2936 are in home isolation.
There have been 463 reported deaths, but this number can be confirmed only after the Istituto Superiore di Sanità has established the actual cause of death.
The

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (07): China (HU) wild boar, OIE

African Swine Fever -- China
Information received on [and dated] 6 Mar 2020 from Dr Huang Baoxu, Secretary of the Party Leadership Group, Animal Health and Epidemiology Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China (People's Rep. of)
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 1 Mar 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 3 Mar 2020
Report date: 6 Mar 2020
Date submitted to OIE: 6 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous

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Monday 9 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza, human (02): Senegal, India, H9N2, WHO, RFI

Avian Influenza -- Senegal
Influenza A(H9N2) activity from 24 Sep 2019 to 24 Feb 2020
----------------------------------------------------------
Five human cases of A(H9N2) virus infections were reported in this period. 2 cases, one each from India and Senegal, had illness onset dates from the previous reporting period. These were the 1st reports of human infections with A(H9N2) viruses from these countries. The 3 other new cases were reported by China (2) and Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China (1) and

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (09)

Measles -- Worldwide/Unknown
Global measles incidence increased from 2013 through 2018, and while reasons for the rise are multifactorial and vary by country, inadequate immunization is a key factor, researchers from the World Health Organization (WHO) reported yesterday [Thu 5 Mar 2020] in the J Infec Dis [see below].
The analysis of case-based measles surveillance data reported to the WHO, World Bank country income status, and estimates of national immunization coverage found that a total of 1 495 559 suspected

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (33): global, Italy lockdown, more countries, cruise ships, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of the new coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] on the national territory, there are 7375 total cases. At the moment 6387 people are positive for the virus. 622 people have recovered. There are 3557 patients hospitalized with symptoms, 650 in intensive care, and 2180 are in home isolation.
There have been 366 reported deaths, but this number can be confirmed only after the Istituto Superiore di Sanità has established the actual cause of death.
The

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Sunday 8 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (32): global, Italy lockdown, more countries, cruise ships, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of the new coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] on the national territory, at the moment 5061 people are positive for the virus. 589 people have recovered. There are 2651 patients hospitalized with symptoms, 567 are in intensive care, and 1843 are in home isolation.
There have been 233 reported deaths, but this number can be confirmed only after the Istituto Superiore di Sanità has established the actual cause of death.
The number of people infected

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (30): India (KL) poultry, untyped

Avian Influenza -- India
The Department of Animal Husbandry has issued guidelines to the people and directed its staff to be on alert after bird flu cases were reported from Kozhikode district in Kerala. According to sources, the disease was confirmed among chicken in a farm in Kodiyathur grama panchayat, and at a private nursery in Vengeri within Kozhikode Corporation limits on Friday [6 Mar 2020].
There had been suspicion about the disease since Thursday [5 Mar 2020] when samples of the dead birds were tested at

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Saturday 7 March 2020

PRO/EDR> Dengue/DHF update (03): Americas

Dengue -- Worldwide/Unknown
Cases by Country / Week updated / Serotype / Total / Confirmed / Severe / Deaths
North America
USA / 8 [w/e 22 Feb 2020] / D? / 47 / 47 / 0 / 0
Central America and Mexico
Belize / 7 [w/e 15 Feb 2020] / D1,3 / 473 / 156 / 0 / 0
Costa Rica / 7 [w/e 15 Feb 2020] / D1,2 / 1045 / 58 / 0 / 0
El Salvador / 8 [w/e 22 Feb 2020] / D2 / 1506 / 13 / 3 / 0
Guatemala / 5 [w/e 1 Feb 2020] / D1,2,3 / 1364 / 150 / 0 / 3
Honduras / 8 [w/e 22 Feb 2020] / D? / 8737 / 8 / 746 / 8
Mexico / 8 [w/e 22 Feb

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (31): global, more countries, cruise ship, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of the new coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] on the national territory, a total of 3916 people are positive for the virus. 523 people have recovered. There are 2394 patients hospitalized with symptoms, 462 are in intensive care, and 1060 are in home isolation.
There have been 197 reported deaths, but this number can be confirmed only after the Istituto Superiore di Sanità has established the actual cause of death.
The number of people infected in

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Friday 6 March 2020

PRO/ALL> New in IJID (03): March 2020

Klebsiella pneumoniae, Tuberculosis, Other Human Disease, HIV/AIDS, Yellow Fever, Hepatitis, E. coli, Dengue, Trichinosis, Gastroenteritis, Staph, Hepatitis B, Pasteurellosis, Zika virus, Chikungunya, Hepatitis C, Pneumonia, Lassa Fever, Meningitis - Neisseria, Mycobacteria, non-TB, Taeniasis, Q Fever -- Nepal
Geographical variability in anticapsular IgG levels elicited by pneumococcal conjugate vaccines: Implications for clinical protection?
Int J Infect Dis. 2020; 92(Mar): 259-260.
William P

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PRO/PL> Swollen shoot, cocoa - Ghana

Other Plant Disease -- Ghana
About 17 per cent of cocoa farms have been affected by the cocoa swollen shoot virus disease (CSSVD), thus threatening production. The figure represents more than 315 000 hectares [778 382 acres] of the 1.6 million hectares [about 4 million acres] of the country's entire cocoa farms. Per COCOBOD [Ghana Cocoa Board] estimate, a hectare contains 900 trees and by this, 283 500 000 of cocoa trees in the country are affected.
CSSVD broke out in the country in 1936. COCOBOD said the country had

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (29): global, more countries, cruise ship, WHO, RFI

COVID-19 -- China
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of the new coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] in national territories, a total of 3858 people have been infected to date, and 3296 people are currently positive for the virus. 414 people have recovered. There are 1790 patients hospitalized with symptoms, 351 are in intensive care, and 1165 are in home isolation.
There have been 148 reported deaths, but this number can be confirmed only after the Istituto Superiore di Sanità has established the actual

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Thursday 5 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> Lassa fever - West Africa (13): Nigeria

Lassa Fever -- Nigeria
Key points
----------
Table 1: Summary of current week (9), cumulative from epiweeks 1-9, 2020, and comparison with previous year (2019).
Current week (9) [(24 Feb-1 Mar 2020) / Cumulative weeks 1-9 / Cumulative 2019 weeks 1-9
Suspected cases: 421 / 3054 / 1374
Confirmed cases: 85 / 775 / 420
Probable cases: 0 / 9 / 15
Deaths: 11 / 132 / 93
Case fatality rate (CFR): 12.9% / 17.0% / 22.1%
Number of states affected: 9 / 27 / 21
Local government areas (LGAs) affected: 30 / 118 /

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (12): Congo DR (NK,IT) cases, WHO, funding

Ebola -- DR Congo
- As of 29 Feb 2020, 20 339 people have been vaccinated with the 2nd vaccine Ad26.ZEBOV/MVA-BN-Filo (Johnson & Johnson) in the 2 health areas from Karisimbi and Goma.
- Since the start of vaccination on 08 Aug 2018, 299 330 people have been vaccinated with the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine.
Monitoring at entry points
--------------------------
- Since the start of the epidemic, the total number of travelers checked (temperature measurement) at health checkpoints, until 29 Feb 2020, is 157 200

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PRO/AH> African swine fever - Europe (07): Moldova, domestic, wild boar, update, OIE

African Swine Fever -- Moldova
The Falesti event started on 17 Dec 2019. 34 outbreaks (submitted) reported to date (5 Mar 2020). The event is continuing with the last follow-up report no.18 provided on 5 Mar 2020.
Total animals affected:
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Wild boar / - / 86 / 86 / 0 / 0
--
communicated by:
ProMED-mail

******
[2] Ungheni: wild boar
Date: Mon 2 Mar 2020
Source: OIE, WAHIS (World Animal Health Information System), 2020

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (28): global, environment, more countries, cruise ship, WHO

COVID-19 -- South Korea
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of the new coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] on the national territory, at the moment 2706 people are positive for the virus. 276 people have recovered. There are 1346 hospitalized patients with symptoms, 295 are in intensive care and 1065 are in home isolation.
There have been 107 reported deaths, but this number can be confirmed only after the Istituto Superiore di Sanità has established the actual cause of the death.
The number of people

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (06): Myanmar (KC) domestic, spread, OIE

African Swine Fever -- Myanmar
Information received on Wed 4 Mar 2020 from Dr Ye Tun Win, chief veterinary officer director general, Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 22 Feb 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 3 Mar 2020
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: African swine fever virus
Nature

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Wednesday 4 March 2020

PRO/EDR> Undiagnosed illness - Ethiopia: RFI

Undiagnosed -- Ethiopia
A mysterious disease has appeared in Ethiopia causing bleeding from the nose and mouth before the patient fell dead due to an infection [or poisoning - Mod.TG], according to what was reported by the British Daily Mail newspaper on Sunday [1 Mar 2020]. [It is thought this syndrome is] due to the emergence of this disease [related] to toxic waste resulting from oil drilling operations carried out by Chinese companies there.
The newspaper reported the disease, which was said to have spread to

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PRO/AH> Equine herpesvirus - North America (04): USA, horse

Equine Herpes Virus -- United States
A horse in Virginia has tested positive for equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1). According to the Virginia Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (VDACS), on [Fri 21 Feb 2020], the state veterinarian's office of the VDACS confirmed one horse tested positive for EHV-1. The infected horse was at a boarding stable in Powhatan County. The boarding stable has been placed under quarantine. They say no horse had left the property in at least 2 weeks.
In addition, the VDACS says exposed horses

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (27): global, Egypt, USA, Taiwan, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
Regarding health monitoring related to the spread of coronavirus [SARS-CoV-2] on the national territory, at the moment 2263 people have tested positive for the virus. 160 people have recovered.
The number of people infected in the individual regions is as follows:
1520 in Lombardy
420 in Emilia-Romagna
307 in Veneto
56 in Piedmont
61 Marche
30 in Campania
24 in Liguria
19 in Tuscany
14 in Lazio
13 in Friuli Venezia Giulia
8 in Umbria
7 in Sicily
6 in Abruzzo
6 in Puglia
4 in

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Tuesday 3 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> Kyasanur Forest disease - India (11): (KA)

Kyasanur Forest Disease -- India
Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) -- also known as monkey fever -- has claimed its 2nd victim in the state [Karnataka], a 64 year old resident of Siddapura, Uttara Kannada [district in Karnataka state] who died due to the dreaded disease [KFD] on [Sat 29 Mar 2020].
The Siddapura death comes almost a month after a 58 year old woman in Sagar, Shivamogga [district in the Karnataka state], died due to the disease. BH, a resident of Malaguli in Honneghataki of Siddapura taluk, died while being moved

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PRO/AH/EDR> Winter tick - USA: (VT) moose, heavy load

Pests -- United States
A "dramatic increase" in winter ticks affecting moose in Vermont has officials proposing a moose hunt to lessen the impact of the parasites on the animals' population. One moose was found with as many as 90 000 winter ticks on its body, the Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department said.
Winter ticks are parasitic mites that can grow to over half an inch [1.27 cm], and they are known to target moose. In the north eastern corner of Vermont, moose density is more than one moose per square mile

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PRO/PL> Blast disease, rice - India: (TG)

Other Plant Disease -- India
Attack of rice blast disease to the crop has become a cause of concern. [There is] an outbreak in some parts of Rajanna-Sircilla district and Karimnagar district. The paddy crop started withering and is drying up. There is every possibility of decrease in the yield of paddy. Following the fungal attack, the farmers are incurring huge losses in controlling the menace.
"I cultivated paddy in 8 acres of land and rice blast had attacked the crop in 6 acres", said a farmer. He feared that

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (25): global, more countries, WHO

COVID-19 -- China
In the field of health monitoring related to the spread of coronavirus [COVID-19] on the national territory, at the moment 1835 people have tested positive for the virus. 149 people have been cured.
The number of people infected in the individual regions is as follows:
1254 in Lombardy
335 in Emilia-Romagna
273 in Veneto
51 in Piedmont
35 Marche
22 in Liguria
17 in Campania
13 in Tuscany
9 in Friuli Venezia Giulia
7 in Lazio
7 in Sicily
5 in Abruzzo
4 in Puglia
2 in Umbria
1

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Monday 2 March 2020

PRO> Rabies (06): Americas (USA) cat, fox, cow, human exp

Rabies -- United States
The South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control (DHEC) reported today [Thu 13 Feb 2020] that 4 people have been referred to their health care providers after being potentially exposed to rabies by a stray cat testing positive for the disease.
The potential exposure occurred on [Mon 10 Feb 2020] when the victims were potentially exposed by a black and white stray cat near the Celanese Road exit off Interstate 77 in Rock Hill, SC. The stray cat was submitted to DHEC's

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (24): China (Hong Kong) dog, susp, OIE

COVID-19 -- China
Information received on 1 Mar 2020 from Dr Thomas Sit, chief veterinary officer/assistant director (Inspection & Quarantine), Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR-PRC)
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 26 Feb 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 28 Feb 2020
Report date: 29 Feb 2020
Reason for notification: emerging disease
Morbidity: 1 (scale 0 to

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Sunday 1 March 2020

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (23): global, more imports, apps, USA silent transmission, WHO

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
Two cases detected weeks apart in Washington State had genetic links, suggesting that many more people in the area may be infected. Researchers who have examined the genomes of 2 coronavirus infections in Washington State say the similarities between the cases suggest that the virus may have been spreading in the state for weeks.
Washington had the United States' 1st confirmed case of coronavirus, announced by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on [20 Jan 2020]. Based on an

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st. Dublin - Sweden: French raw milk cheese

Salmonella -- Sweden
A _Salmonella_ outbreak initially reported in France linked to a brand of raw milk cheese has affected at least one other country. 13 people in France have been infected with the same strain of _Salmonella_ Dublin from late November 2019 until early January 2020. French authorities identified a link between eating raw milk Morbier cheese made by the company Jean Perrin and illness. SA Perrin withdrew from sale and recalled several lots and dates of Morbier cheese in early February 2020.
An

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (05): Philippines (BT) spread

African Swine Fever -- Philippines
The Batangas provincial government confirmed on Fri 28 Feb 2020 that blood samples taken from hog livestock from the town of Laurel and tested by the Bureau of Animal Industry turned up positive for the African swine fever [ASF] virus.
ASF focal person Dr. Krisel Ann Ragas said there were around 500 backyard hog raisers affected in Barangay Molinete, with an estimated 5000 pigs within a 1-km radius set for culling. Over 900 have been culled as of Friday [28 Feb 2020] afternoon.
"Batangas

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PRO/AH/EDR> Lassa fever - West Africa (12): Nigeria

Lassa Fever -- Nigeria
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Table 1: Summary of current week (8), cumulative from epiweeks 1-8, 2020 and comparison with previous year (2019).
Current week (7) [10-16 Feb 2020] / Cumulative weeks 1-7 / Cumulative 2019 weeks 1-7
Suspected cases: 456 / 2633 / 1249
Confirmed cases: 102 / 689/ 381
Probable cases: 0 / 9 / 15
Deaths: 13 / 118 / 83
Case fatality rate (CFR): 12.7 % / 17.1 % / 21.8 %
Number of states affected: 18 / 27 / 21
Local government areas (LGAs) affected: 46 / 115 /

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PRO/AH/EDR> Hepatitis E - USA: zoonosis, undercooked pork, CDC

Hepatitis E -- United States
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"Since 2010, human hepatitis E infections have increased in England and Wales. Most cases are locally acquired and caused by hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV G3). HEV G3 is linked to the consumption of pork products. The increase is associated with the emergence of a new phylotype, HEV G3-group 2 (G3-2, also known as G3abcdhij). 60 individuals with confirmed hepatitis E infection and no history of travel outside the UK were recruited: 19 were infected with HEV G3-group 1

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