Friday 31 August 2018

PRO/EDR> Measles update (56): Americas, Europe

Measles -- Worldwide/Unknown
A travel alert level 1 has been issued by the CDC in response to Brazil's measles outbreak. International travelers to Brazil and the state of Amazonas, in particular, should ensure they are vaccinated against measles before departure, announced the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This CDC alert is in reaction to the ongoing measles outbreak throughout Brazil.
On [Mon 20 Aug 2018], the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) reported 1237 confirmed measles cases and 6

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PRO/AH/EDR> Invasive tick - USA (14): (CT)

Tick-borne disease -- United States
Researchers at Western Connecticut State University have confirmed the 1st instance of an exotic new tick in Connecticut. The Asian long-horned tick is an invasive species that can harm livestock but is not yet known to be a danger to humans in the United States.
The WCSU Tickborne Disease Prevention Laboratory collected the tick in early July [2018], and testing confirmed that the single specimen is the new species.
Research assistant Brittany Schappach, who completed her undergraduate

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (26): Americas (USA) equine

West Nile Virus -- United States
A 9-year-old unvaccinated Quarter Horse gelding from Pendleton County, Kentucky, tested positive for West Nile virus (WNV) on [Tue 28 Aug 2018]. This is the 1st confirmed case of WNV in Kentucky horses for 2018.
In a statement, E.S. Rusty Ford, equine operations consultant for the Kentucky State Veterinarian's Office, said the gelding is alive and in stable condition, and it has a favorable prognosis. Ford said the gelding presented on [Sun 23 Aug 2018] with lower-lip paresis and muscle

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PRO/AH/EDR> Mycoplasma bovis, bovine - New Zealand (13): (NTL)

Other Animal Disease -- New Zealand
A Northland dry stock farm has tested positive for _Mycoplasma bovis_, the first confirmed infection in the region. Biosecurity New Zealand said on Thursday [30 Aug 2018] that a property in Northland had tested positive for the cattle disease, taking the number of infected properties nationwide to 37.
The infected property was a dry stock beef farm. It was identified through the tracing of animal movements from other infected farms and was now under a "restricted place" notice. Restricted

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (25): Europe (Germany) animal, 1st case, OIE

West Nile Virus -- Germany
Information received on [and dated] 30 Aug 2018 from Dr. Karin Schwabenbauer, Ministerial Dirigentin and Chief Veterinary Officer, Directorate of Animal Health, Animal Welfare, Bundesministerium fur Ernahrung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL), Bonn, Germany
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 28 Aug 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 29 Aug 2018
Report date: 30 Aug 2018
Date submitted to OIE: 30 Aug 2018
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (33): Africa (Algeria)

Cholera -- Algeria
The Ministry of Health said yesterday [29 Aug 2018] that 2 people have died of cholera in Algeria as 62 cases of disease have been identified since the start of August 2018. According to a ministry statement, 62 cases had been confirmed as of [Tue 28 Aug 2018] with another 173 suspected cases.
"All preventive measures have been taken with a view to pre-empting the spread of the disease," the statement read. Since cases of the disease first appeared in mid-August [2018], the Algerian health

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (32): Americas (Chile) non-toxigenic

Cholera -- Chile
1. Bhattacharya MK, Dutta D, Bhattacharya SK, et al. Association of disease approximating cholera caused by _Vibrio cholerae_ of serogroups other than O1 and O139. Epidemiol Infect. 1998; 120(1): 1-5; .
2. Sharma C, Thungapathra M, Ghosh A, et al. Molecular analysis of non-O1, non-O139 _Vibrio cholerae_ associated with an unusual upsurge in the incidence of cholera-like disease in Calcutta, India. J Clin Microbiol. 1998; 36: 756-63; .
3. Bidinost C, Saka HA, Aliendro O, et al. Virulence

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st I 4,[5],12:i:- - USA (02): kosher chicken, alert, CDC

Salmonella -- United States
CDC, public health and regulatory officials in several states, and the US Department of Agriculture's Food Safety Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS) are investigating a multistate outbreak of _Salmonella_ I 4,[5],12:i:- infections linked to kosher chicken.
Public health investigators are using the PulseNet system to identify illnesses that may be part of this outbreak. PulseNet is the national subtyping network of public health and food regulatory agency laboratories coordinated by CDC. DNA

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PRO/AH/EDR> E. coli EHEC - USA (24): (FL) O26, grocery chain ground beef, alert, recall

E. coli -- United States
Publix Super Markets Inc., a Lakeland, Florida, retail grocery store chain is voluntarily recalling an undetermined amount of ground beef products made from chuck that may be contaminated with _Escherichia coli_ O26, the US Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) announced today, 30 Aug 2018.
The ground chuck items were purchased by consumers from 25 Jun 2018, through 31 Jul 2018. The following products are subject to recall:
These items were shipped to

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Pakistan (12): (Sindh)

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever -- Pakistan
Officials at the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC) [in Karachi, Sindh] said on [Tue 28 Aug 2018] that they have admitted another Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever patient into the health facility, adding that the elderly man from Balochistan is in critical condition.
"The 65-year-old, from Quetta was brought to a private hospital in critical condition from where he was shifted to the JPMC for treatment," Dr Seemin Jamali, the hospital's executive director, told The News. "We sent his

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza, human (15): China, H7N9

Avian Influenza H7N9 -- China
Abstract
--------
The substantial increase in prevalence and emergence of antigenically divergent or highly pathogenic influenza A(H7N9) viruses during 2016-17 raises concerns about the epizootic potential of these viruses. We investigated the evolution and adaptation of H7N9 viruses by analyzing available data and newly generated virus sequences isolated in Guangdong Province, China, during 2015-2017. Phylogenetic analyses showed that circulating H7N9 viruses belong to distinct lineages

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Thursday 30 August 2018

PRO/AH/EDR> MERS-CoV (30): Saudi Arabia (RI) new case

MERS -- Saudi Arabia
Case No. 18- 1741
MERS in Alzulfi city: 77-year-old male living in Alzulfi city, Qaseem Region
Contact with camels: no
Case classification: primary / community-acquired
Current status: hospitalized
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail

[Another primary community-acquired case with no known history of contact with camels or presumably other known cases. While the report says Alzulfi city, Qaseem (Qasim) region, according to maps and prior reports, Al Zulfi city is officially located in

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (10): China (AH) domestic swine, spread

African Swine Fever -- China
African swine fever [ASF] has infected 185 pigs on a farm in Wuhu City in eastern China's Anhui province, the Ministry of Agriculture said on Thursday [30 Aug 2018]. The infection killed 80 of 459 hogs on a farm in Wuhu's Nanling County.
Transport of hogs and related products has been banned in the affected area, said a notice on the ministry's website.
[Byline: Elias Glenn]
--
Communicated by:
Sabine Zentis

[Since 3 Aug 2018, 4 ASF outbreaks have been officially reported by

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea and dysentery update (31): Africa

Cholera -- Worldwide/Unknown
Highlights
- A total of 39 new cases AWD/cholera were reported in week 33 compared to 53 cases week 32.
- A total of 8 (21 percent) cases were reported from flood affected regions of Lower Jubba region.
- No new death was reported in week 32 and week 33.
- A cumulative total of 6169 cases including 41 deaths have been reported since December [2017].
- The new AWD/cholera cases reported in Beletweyne started in December [2017].
- In 2018 new outbreaks were reported in Banadir, Kismayo,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Turkey (03): (AN) bovine

Anthrax -- Turkey
Turkey's Meat and Milk Board has confirmed that anthrax was detected at a farm in the Gölbaşı district of Ankara where cattle imported from Brazil were kept, the Cumhuriyet daily reported.
According to a written statement from the board, "There is nothing to be concerned about because the infected meat was not released to the market." But the board failed to mention that 50 out of 3959 cattle had died of anthrax.
According to a T24 news website report, the board vaccinated more than

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax (02): virulence, confirmation

Anthrax -- Worldwide/Unknown
By analyzing genomic sequences from more than 400 strains of the bacterium that causes anthrax, researchers have provided the 1st evidence that the severity - technically known as virulence - of specific strains may be related to the number of copies of certain plasmids they carry. Plasmids are genetic structures of the cell that can reproduce independently, and are responsible for producing the anthrax toxin and other virulence factors.
The research found that bacteria strains collected

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PRO/AH/EDR> Marburg virus disease: testicular persistence

Marburg Fever -- Worldwide/Unknown
Coffin KM, Liu J, Warren TK, et al. Persistent Marburg Virus Infection in the Testes of Nonhuman Primate Survivors. Cell Host & Microbe, In Press, Corrected Proof. Available online 30 Aug 2018.
Highlights
----------
- Marburg virus (MARV) persists in the testes of macaque survivors after treatment
- MARV infiltrates macaque testes late in infection
- MARV persists in testicular Sertoli cells, thereby disrupting tissue barrier integrity
- Local immunosuppressive T-reg cell infiltration

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PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - China (12): (NM), serotype O, bovine

Foot and Mouth -- China
Some cows have been infected with O-type foot-and-mouth disease [FMD] in northern China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, with 36 diseased and 12 that succumbed to the sickness. The local government has culled 100 infected cows as well as those that had contact with them, and those slaughtered as a precaution have now been declared disease-free, thus bringing the local outbreak under effective control, per the statement.
[Byline: Chen Juan & Liu Jing]
--
Communicated

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PRO/AH/EDR> Schistosomiasis - France: (Corsica) hybrid parasite

Schistosomiasis -- France
Schistosomiasis was discovered on the French island of Corsica in 2014; a DNA analysis suggests it originated in Senegal.
[Byline: Elizabeth Pennisi]
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail

[The reference for the paper in bioRxiv is:
Kincaid-Smith J, Tracey A, de Carvalo August R, et al. Whole genome sequencing and morphological analysis of the human-infecting schistosome emerging in Europe reveals a complex admixture between _Schistosoma haematobium_ and _Schistosoma bovis_ parasites;

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PRO/EDR> Diphtheria - Americas (03): PAHO/WHO epidemiological update

Diphtheria -- Worldwide/Unknown
Between epidemiological week (EW) 1 and EW 34 [1 Jan-25 Aug 2018], 3 countries in the Region of the Americas (Colombia, Haiti, and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela) have reported confirmed cases of diphtheria. The following is a summary of the epidemiological situation in these countries.
[Colombia]
----------
In Colombia, between EW 11 and EW 32 of 2018 [11 Mar-11 Aug 2018], 8 cases of diphtheria were confirmed, of which 2 were imported from Venezuela and 6 were locally-acquired in

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (55): Americas, PAHO

Measles -- Venezuela
Endemic transmission of measles has been reestablished in one country in the region, but PAHO's other 34 Member States maintain their elimination status.
While 34 Member States of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) maintain their measles elimination status, endemic transmission of the virus has now been reestablished in Venezuela. To stop further spread of measles throughout the region, the Director of PAHO, Carissa F Etienne, has urged all countries to rapidly increase vaccination

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (80): Congo DR (NK) case update

Ebola -- DR Congo
- On Wed 29 Jun 2018, the Minister of Health, Dr Oly Ilunga Kalenga, went to the Provincial Assembly of North Kivu to present the evolution of the response to the Ebola epidemic and address the concerns members of the provincial government, provincial members of parliament, and civil society. During the question-and-answer session, 2 points crystallized the exchanges: the beginning of the school year and the payroll of health professionals. Regarding the start of the school year, the Minister

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PRO/AH/EDR> Newcastle disease - Kazakhstan: (NK) poultry, OIE

Newcastle Disease -- Kazakhstan
Information received on [and dated] 29 Aug 2018 from Dr Tursyn Kabduldanov, Deputy Chairman, Committee for Veterinary Control and Supervision, Ministry of Agriculture, ASTANA, Kazakhstan
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 15 Jun 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 19 Jun 2018
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Newcastle disease virus
Nature of diagnosis:

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PRO/AH/EDR> MERS-CoV (29): UK (England) ex Saudi Arabia, Risk Assessment ECDC

MERS -- United Kingdom
Main conclusions and options for response
1- On [23 Aug 2018], Public Health England (PHE) reported 1 case of MERS, detected in England. The patient is a resident of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) who had travelled from Jeddah (KSA) to Manchester (United Kingdom). The case was transferred to an isolation ward after MERS-CoV was suspected and is currently at a specialised hospital in Liverpool in a stable, ambulatory condition. According to the UK authorities, a limited number of close

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Wednesday 29 August 2018

PRO/AH/EDR> Rabies (46) - Americas (USA): (DE) human fatality

Rabies -- United States
State: Kent County woman dies of rabies, first Delawarean since 1941
A Kent County woman died last week after being exposed to rabies -- only the 2nd Delawarean to contract and die of the disease, state health officials said Monday night.
The woman, who lived west of Felton, was admitted to a Delaware hospital in late July after becoming sick, officials said. Her condition quickly got worse and she was transferred to a Pennsylvania hospital for treatment.
Test results did not confirm

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PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed deaths - Algeria (02): (BU) renal failure, RFI

Undiagnosed -- Algeria
At least 9 new cases of food poisoning were recorded at the beginning of the week [week of 20 Aug 2018] by the medical teams at Ain-Bessem Hospital. According to a medical source, the subjects all suffered from vomiting, diarrhea, and acute renal failure, just as the 7 previous cases transferred to the El-Kettar specialized hospital in Algiers. These new victims bring the number of people affected to 16, including 2 fatalities, since Tue 7 Aug 2018. The source stated that the last patients are

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PRO/AH/EDR> Invasive tick - USA (13): (NJ)

Pests -- United States
The USDA's National Veterinary Services Laboratory has confirmed that the longhorned tick (_Haemaphysalis longicornis_) has been discovered in Monmouth County, N.J., making it the 6th county in the state where the tick has been found. Earlier findings have confirmed the tick in Bergen, Hunterdon, Union, Middlesex and Mercer counties.
"It is important for the public to continue to submit tick samples as this will allow us to identify new areas where this tick may be located," says Dr. Manoel

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PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - USA (03): (WY) feline

Plague -- United States
A cat in Big Horn has been confirmed to have been infected with plague, the state Department of Health announced [Wed 29 Aug 2018].
There are no known human cases in that area or in Wyoming as a whole. There hasn't been a confirmed case since 2008, according to a department press release. The cat "is known to wander outdoors," the release said.
The case comes a little over a year after the plague was found in prairie dogs in the Thunder Basin National Grassland, the 1st time the disease

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PRO/AH/EDR> Equine infectious anemia - USA (07): (CO) equine

Equine Infectious Anemia -- United States
A Weld County, Colorado, horse has tested positive for equine infectious anemia (EIA). The Colorado Department of Agriculture (CDA) State Veterinarian's Office received the positive result from the USDA's National Veterinary Services Laboratory on [24 Aug 2018]. Results from a confirmatory retest were received on [28 Aug 2018].
The CDA has quarantined the Weld County facility until it completes further testing.
"The affected horse has been isolated from the remaining horses on the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Newcastle disease, poultry - USA (13): (CA) virulent strain

Newcastle Disease -- United States
The California Department of Food & Agriculture (CDFA) provided a status update on [29 Aug 2018] on the virulent Newcastle disease (VND) surveillance project in southern California, which is now in its 4th month.
CDFA said the disease has been detected at a total of 117 properties in Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Riverside and Ventura counties in California.
According to CDFA, as of [26 Aug 2018]:
- 96 880 properties have been surveyed;
- 2679 properties have been placed under

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PRO/AH/EDR> Potomac horse fever, equine - USA (06): (KY)

Other Animal Disease -- United States
Kentucky's PHF cases are 1st detected later in the year (mid-July), and our thought is the early detection this year [2018] was most probably associated with abundant wet weather in April and record-breaking warm temperatures in May.
Horsemen are encouraged to review the environment in which their horses are housed and consult with their veterinarians on strategies they can use to mitigate disease risk. Minimizing opportunity for horses to ingest aquatic insects by turning off lights in

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PRO/AH/EDR> Chronic wasting disease, cervid - USA (13): (WY) new species in area

Chronic Wasting Disease -- United States
The Wyoming Game and Fish Department confirmed that a bull elk harvested by a hunter tested positive for chronic wasting disease (CWD) in Elk Hunt Area 66. The elk was killed northeast of Meeteetse and this is the 1st time CWD has been found in this elk hunt area.
To ensure that hunters are informed, Game and Fish has the practice of announcing when CWD is found in a new hunt area.
Additionally, Game and Fish follows the human health recommendation of the Centers for Disease Control

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PRO/AH/EDR> BSE, bovine - USA: (FL) atypical H-type, OIE

BSE -- United States
Information received on [and dated] 29 Aug 2018 from Dr John Clifford, Official Delegate, Chief Trade Advisor, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, United States of America
Summary
Report type: immediate notification (final report)
Date of start of the event: 18 Aug 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 26 Aug 2018
Date of event resolved: 29 Aug 2018
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous

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PRO/EDR> Onchocerciasis: rapid urine test

River Blindness -- Worldwide/Unknown
Scientists at Scripps Research have developed a urine diagnostic to detect the parasitic worms that cause river blindness, also called onchocerciasis, a tropical disease that afflicts 18 to 120 million people worldwide.
Described in the journal ACS Infectious Diseases, the new, non-invasive test may provide an inexpensive method of determining in real time whether a person has an infection, which would give public health officials and doctors critical information for tracking outbreaks and

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PRO/AH/EDR> Sheep pox & goat pox - Russia (02): (MS) ovine, OIE

Sheep/Goat Pox -- Russia
Information received on [and dated] 28 Aug 2018 from Dr Nikolay Vlasov, Deputy Head of the Rosselkhoznadzor, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Moscow, Russia
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 21 Aug 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 22 Aug 2018
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: _Capripoxvirus_
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory

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PRO/AH/EDR> Cannabis overdoses - Canada: dramatic rise

Poisoning -- Canada
It was early evening at a popular downtown Toronto jazz bar, the band playing for an older crowd more into Ella Fitzgerald than Rihanna's "Umbrella". Part way through the set, a man in his late 50s stood and then promptly collapsed, face-first, onto the floor.
The bar's supervisor [NM], watched in horror from behind the bar. "You see this scene and you're like, 'Oh God. OK, instantly 911,'" he said.
[NM] assumed it was a stroke or a heart attack, but as paramedics arrived, he learned it

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PRO/AH/EDR> Tilapia syncytial hepatitis - Mexico: OIE

Hepatitis -- Mexico
Information received on [and dated] 25 Aug 2018 from MVZ Joaquín Braulio Delgadillo Alvarez, [Director General of Animal Health, National Agro-Alimentary Health, Safety and Quality Service (SENASICA) Secretariat/Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Rural Development, Fisheries, and Food] Mexico, Mexico
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 4 Jul 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 31 Jul 2018
Report date: 25 Aug 2018
Reason for notification:

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Tuesday 28 August 2018

PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Africa (12): Republic of Congo

Yellow Fever -- Republic of Congo
Congo Republic has confirmed a case of yellow fever near the border with an Angolan enclave, the health ministry said on Tuesday [28 Aug 2018], and has warned of "an emerging event of epidemic proportions."
In all, 186 suspected cases have been detected this year [2018], many of which were in the western commercial hub of Pointe Noire, the head of the government's epidemics unit, Lambert Kitembo told Reuters.
He said 8 blood samples were sent to Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) for

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Turkey (02): (AN) bovine

Anthrax -- Turkey
A farm near the Turkish capital of Ankara has been placed under quarantine following an outbreak of anthrax, Turkish news website Haberturk said on [Mon 27 Aug 2018]. The alarm was raised after 50 cattle at a farm in Ankara's Gölbaşı district showed symptoms consistent with anthrax infection. The animals were amongst a group of 4000 imported from Brazil in the run up to last week's Eid al-Adha, the Muslim Feast of the Sacrifice. Following an examination of the farm and affected cattle by

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (79): Congo DR (NK) case update, response, vacc, support, research

Ebola -- DR Congo
- Following the community's latest protests against the Ebola response, the coordination organized a meeting with the mayor, notables, customary chiefs, district leaders, cell leaders, youth movements, and civil society from the city of Beni [North Kivu]. More than 350 people attended an exclusive information session on Ebola with the coordinators of the response. During this session that lasted nearly 4.5 hours, those present were able to ask all the questions and share their concerns. This

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (39): (KY,IN)

Hepatitis A -- United States
Since [1 Aug 2017], the Kentucky Department for Public Health (DPH) has identified 1495 cases of acute hepatitis A, a liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus. An increase in cases since [1 Aug 2017], primarily among homeless people and drug users, prompted declaration of a statewide outbreak in November 2017. Viral sequencing has linked several outbreak-associated cases in Kentucky with outbreaks in California and Utah.
The DPH is working closely with the Centers for Disease Control

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PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Americas (35): Brazil

Yellow Fever -- Brazil
Abstract
--------
The yellow fever virus (YFV) epidemic in Brazil is the largest in decades. The recent discovery of YFV in Brazilian _Aedes_ species mosquitos highlights a need to monitor the risk of reestablishment of urban YFV transmission in the Americas. We use a suite of epidemiological, spatial, and genomic approaches to characterize YFV transmission. We show that the age and sex distribution of human cases is characteristic of sylvatic transmission. Analysis of YFV cases combined

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st I 4,[5],12:i:- - USA: kosher chicken, alert

Salmonella -- United States
The US Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) and Empire Kosher Poultry, Inc. are issuing a public health alert out of an abundance of caution due to concerns about _Salmonella_ illnesses reported in the northeastern and mid-Atlantic USA that may be associated with raw chicken products. The Empire Kosher brand raw chicken items, which may include raw whole chicken, raw chicken parts, were produced and sold to consumers from September 2017 to June 2018.
On 18

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Europe (34): Romania (BR) domestic swine, spread

African Swine Fever -- Romania
The owner of the biggest pig farm in Romania, which is also the 2nd largest in Europe, called for an assessment of damages resulting from the planned culling of 141 000 pigs located in an outbreak site of African swine fever [ASF].
The manager of SC TEBU Consult Braila delayed the euthanasia of the pigs because he needs a clear picture of the damages that will be incurred by the company, said Gicu Dragan, the director of veterinary health department.
The ASF infection was confirmed on 3

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PRO/PL> Peanut stunt virus, bean - Bulgaria: 1st rep

Other Plant Disease -- Bulgaria
Common bean (_Phaseolus vulgaris_) in Bulgaria [was] grown on 708 ha [about 1750 acres] in 2016. During the summer of 2013, leaf samples (n=76) with virus-like symptoms were collected from bean plants in fields and private gardens. Disease incidence varied from 10 to 50 per cent. Symptoms consisted of green or yellow mosaic, blisters, and leaf distortion. In some locations the disease was associated with severe stunting.
DAS/TAS-ELISA tests revealed the presence of _Bean common mosaic

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Monday 27 August 2018

PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Americas (51): USA (ND)

Hantavirus -- United States
A northeast North Dakota woman has died after falling ill to a rare disease that's spread by infected rodent droppings, urine and saliva, the state Department of Health said Monday, 27 Aug [2018].
The unidentified adult woman fell ill to hantavirus pulmonary syndrome [HPS]. People can develop [an infection leading to] HPS by breathing air that's contaminated with the virus when fresh rodent droppings, urine or nesting materials are disturbed, but it's not transmitted from person to

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PRO/AH/EDR> Japanese encephalitis & other - India (19): (MP)

Japanese Encephalitis -- India
State Vector-borne Disease Control Officer Dr Himanshu Jaiswar, while speaking to The Hitavada, said that to date [26 Aug 2018], a total of 8 Japanese encephalitis- (JE) positive cases have been registered across the state.
A few days back, a 3-year-old child died from JE. Health officials have already started investigations around the localities of positive patients. Concerned authorities have confirmed the presence of JE virus in the areas.
The department is taking all necessary

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PRO/AH/EDR> Glanders, equine - China: (CQ) 1st report OIE

Glanders -- China
Information received on 26 Aug 2018 from Dr Zhang Zhongqui, Director General, China Animal Disease Control Centre, Veterinary Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China (People's Rep. of)
Summary:
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 10 Aug 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 23 Aug 2018
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease in the country
Causal agent: _Burkholderia mallei_
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory (basic and

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PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Africa (11): Republic of Congo

Yellow Fever -- Republic of Congo
As many as 70 suspected cases of yellow fever have been reported in southern Congo, the Congolese Ministry of Health and Population announced Monday [27 Aug 2018] in a statement.
Among the prevention measures is vaccination against yellow fever for all travellers entering or leaving the country, the statement added.
"These 70 cases of yellow fever were reported in the health districts of Mongo-Pokou, Lumumba, Mvou-Mvou, Ngoyo and Tsama-Dzassi, a border district with the Republic of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Leptospirosis - Israel (06): (HZ) recreation, streams, bovine vaccination

Leptospirosis -- Israel
[subscription required]

The regional veterinary office [in Rosh-Pinna, a unit of Israel's State Veterinary Field Services] has begun sampling of sera from cattle herds on the Golan Heights, for serological surveillance addressing leptospirosis. Preliminary results are indicative of high infection rate in the Yehudiya beef herd. Vaccination against leptospirosis in this herd has commenced.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail

[Since 2011, vaccination of Israel's beef cattle herds

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (30): Africa (Algeria)

Cholera -- Algeria
Algerian authorities have announced the death of a 2nd person in a recent cholera outbreak that has left dozens hospitalized. The latest fatality, like the 1st one, was a resident of Boufarik, a town in Blida province some 30 km [18.6 mi] south of the capital, Algiers, according to a health ministry statement carried by the official Algerie Press Service on Sat 26 Aug 2018. Another Boufarik resident was reported dead on 23 Aug 2018. Overall, 139 people have been hospitalised across the country

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (38): (WV)

Hepatitis A -- United States
Number of cases / 1031
Demographics
Age Range / 12-82
Median Age / 37
Male / 617 (59.8%)
Hospitalizations / 562 (54.5%)
Deaths / 2
Risk factors
Co-infection with hepatitis C
(Information available for 886 cases) / 542 (61.7%)
Co-infection with hepatitis B
(Information available for 886 cases) / 98 (11.1%)
Reports illicit drug use
(Information available for 858 cases) / 666 (77.6%)
Homeless / 126 (12.2%)
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail

[Date / Cases / New cases per

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PRO/AH/EDR> Die-off, seal - USA (02): (ME,NH) influenza & distemper

Influenza, Canine distemper -- United States
Many of the dead seals that washed ashore in northern New England in the past few weeks tested positive for either avian influenza or phocine distemper virus, but it is still too soon to say if those viruses are the primary causes of the unusual die-off, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NOAA] said.
Researchers have been looking for the reasons behind a surge in seal deaths that began around [12 Aug 2018], when an unusually high number of dead or sick seals began showing

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PRO/PL> Ergot, wheat - USA

Other Plant Disease -- United States
Wheat farmers in parts of the Upper Midwest, especially south-central North Dakota, are reporting above-average incidence of ergot this [2018] harvest. That, in turn, has led some grain elevators to impose discounts on, or even reject, some newly harvested wheat infected with the disease.
It's too early to say how widespread the problem [is]. Ergot-infected grain can be cleaned by grain elevators or farmers with the proper equipment. Because of its health risks, there are strict thresholds

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Afghanistan (03): update

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever -- Afghanistan
At least 18 cases of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) infection have recently been detected in Afghanistan, taking this year's [2018] total cases to 267 compared to 244 cases last year.
The Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is caused by infection with a tick-borne virus (_Nairovirus_) in the family Bunyaviridae. The disease was first characterized in Crimea in 1944 and given the name Crimean hemorrhagic fever.
The onset of CCHF is sudden, with initial signs and symptoms

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PRO/EDR> Influenza (25): WHO global update, ECDC, 2017-18 review

Influenza -- Worldwide/Unknown
Information in this report is categorized by influenza transmission zones, which are geographical groups of countries, areas, or territories with similar influenza transmission patterns.
Summary
-------
In the temperate zones of the southern hemisphere, influenza activity remained elevated in South America and continued to decrease in Southern Africa. Influenza activity remained below seasonal threshold in Australia and New Zealand and at inter-seasonal levels in most of temperate zone of

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PRO/PL> Oily spot, pomegranate - India: (MH)

Other Plant Disease -- India
Pomegranates in Maharashtra have been affected by bacterial blight (oily spot) disease this [2018] season, causing damage to the fruit's quality by nearly 50 per cent. As a result, modal prices have dropped, said [the] chairman, Maharashtra Pomegranate Growers Research Association. "The oily spot has been caused by the incessant rains in the state," he said.
The area under pomegranates has increased [in the state] which has led to an increase in production, but the quality has been affected

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (24): Americas (USA)

West Nile Virus -- United States
West Nile virus disease cases by state 2018
State / Neuroinvasive* / Non-neuroinvasive** / Deaths / Presumptive viremic blood donors***
Alabama / 5 / 2 / 7 / 0 / 2
Arizona / 3 / 0 / 3 / 0 / 0
California / 12 / 9 / 21 / 0 / 8
Colorado / 2 / 4 / 6 / 0 / 1
Connecticut / 2 / 0 / 2 / 0 / 0
Delaware / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0
District of Columbia / 4 / 4 / 8 / 0 / 0
Florida / 0 / 1 / 1 / 0 / 2
Georgia / 3 / 1 / 4 / 1 / 1
Illinois / 2 / 1 / 3 / 0 / 0
Indiana / 0 / 2 / 2 / 0 / 1
Iowa / 7 / 2 /

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Sunday 26 August 2018

PRO/AH/EDR> Japanese encephalitis - Cambodia: pig reservoirs

Japanese Encephalitis -- Cambodia
Di Francesco J, Choeung R, Peng B, et al. Comparison of the dynamics of Japanese encephalitis virus circulation in sentinel pigs between a rural and a peri-urban setting in Cambodia. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2018 Aug 23;12(8):e0006644.
Abstract
--------
Japanese encephalitis is mainly considered a rural disease, but there is growing evidence of a peri-urban and urban transmission in several countries, including Cambodia. We, therefore, compared the epidemiologic dynamic of Japanese

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PRO/AH/EDR> Strangles, equine - USA (06): (MI)

Strangles -- United States
An unvaccinated 10-year-old quarter horse mare developed a fever and lack of appetite while attending the Montcalm County Fair this past June [2018]. The horse was isolated and placed under veterinary care. The horse developed nasal discharge and draining submandibular lymph nodes (glands) after the fair.
Melanie Rodenhouse, a Montcalm County 4-H horse leader, said the local horse is now fine. The barns, grounds, fences, gates and all horse-related equipment were disinfected in accordance

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (23): USA (CA, MA, MT) equine, human

West Nile Virus -- United States
Four California horses have tested positive for West Nile virus (WNV), the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) reported. These bring the total number of confirmed equine WNV cases in California to 5 for 2018.
"On 16 Aug 2018, 4 horses displaying neurologic signs were confirmed positive for West Nile virus," the CDFA said.
Those cases include:
*A 9-year-old vaccinated Quarter Horse mare in Sacramento County;
*A 3-year-old unvaccinated Andalusian mare in Kern County;
*A

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PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - China (11): (XJ) st O, bovine, OIE

Foot and Mouth -- China
Information received on [and dated] 23 Aug 2018 from Dr Zhang Zhongqui, Director General, China Animal Disease Control Centre, Veterinary Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China (People's Rep. of)
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 15 Aug 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 22 Aug 2018
Report date: 23 Aug 2018
Date submitted to OIE: 23 Aug 2018
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence:

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PRO/AH> African swine fever - Asia (09): South Korea ex China, contaminated flight food

African Swine Fever -- South Korea
The deadly African swine fever [ASF] has been discovered in Korea, putting the quarantine authorities on alert.
According to the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs on Sunday [26 Aug 2018], a virus gene of the disease was found in 2 processed pork products that were brought in and voluntarily reported by 2 travelers who visited Shenyang, China, earlier this month [August 2018].
The highly contagious pig disease was 1st reported on 3 Aug 2018 in the northeastern Chinese city

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - East Africa (09): Uganda (KM)

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever -- Uganda
One person has died of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) at Naguru Hospital in Kampala today [24 Aug 2018], the Ministry of Health has confirmed.
Mr Emmanuel Ainebyoona, the ministry's senior spokesperson, said that the deceased is a 32-year-old female from Bukerere, in Mukono District.
"The Ministry of Health has dispatched rapid response teams to trace her contacts. She will be accorded a safe burial by our medical teams to avoid future spread of the disease. The burial will take

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (78): Congo DR (NK) case update, health protection of medical teams

Ebola -- DR Congo


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Saturday 25 August 2018

PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed fever - Uganda (09): (KI, MD) RFI

Fever -- Uganda
The Ministry of Health, together with its collaborating laboratory in Atlanta, USA, at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, would like to inform the general public that investigations into the alleged ''strange disease'' reported in Mubende and Kibaale districts have been concluded.
[Unfortunately, the press release cannot be copied. The following is a summary. - Mod.TY]
As of Thu 9 Aug 2018, the investigating team has listed 23 cases, of which 9 died. Blood samples were taken

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PRO/AH> African swine fever - Asia (08): China (ZJ) domestic swine, spread, RFI

African Swine Fever -- China
African swine fever (ASF) has continued to expand in the mainland. Following Shenyang City in Liaoning province, Zhengzhou City in Henan province and Lianyungang City in Jiangsu province, the ASF epidemic has spread to Zhejiang province, where 340 pigs died on 3 farms in a breeding area in Yueqing City [see ]. Caixin.com reported yesterday [24 Aug 2018] that the source and route of ASF virus entering China is still under investigation; however, there is some evidence and opinions referring the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (77): Congo DR (NK) case update, risk, control, research

Ebola -- DR Congo
- During his visit to the Mangina Ebola Treatment Center (ETC) on Thu 23 Aug 2018, the Minister of Health, Dr. Oly Ilunga Kalenga, witnessed the unloading of 2 patients cured of Ebola. These 2 people are among the first 10 patients to receive the therapeutic molecule MAb114, developed by Professor Jean-Jacques Muyembe and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) from the serum of a survivor of the Ebola epidemic from 1995 to Kikwit. The short-, medium- and long-term observations of patients and

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PRO/EDR> Dengue/DHF update (16): Asia, Europe, research

Dengue -- Sri Lanka
A lineage of type 1 dengue virus found in Brazil is able to prevail over another even though it multiplies less in vector mosquitoes and infected human cells. This discovery was made under the scope of a thematic project supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP involving several Brazilian institutions, as well as a university in the USA.
According to the study, the lineage activates a weaker immune response in the patient and is less strongly combated. As a result, the virus

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PRO/AH/EDR> Angiostrongylus cantonensis - USA (05): (HI) transmission

Foodborne Illness -- United States


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PRO/AH/EDR> Leishmaniasis, cutaneous - Israel (03): animal host, control

Leishmaniasis -- Israel
Environmental Protection minister Zeev Elkin announced on Thursday [23 Aug 2018] a plan to curb leishmaniasis, which has spread in Israel in the past 2 years. Elkin's office said that sandflies, which transmit the disease to humans, get the virus [sic] by stinging rock hyraxes who carry it.
Therefore, according to Hadashot [TV News], the ministry was dropping the hyrax from the list of protected animals for 3 years to enable authorities to decrease their numbers and contain the disease,

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Friday 24 August 2018

PRO/EDR> Measles update (54): Americas

Measles -- United States
Data provided on communities in Brazil, Venezuela
Advice to national authorities
- Vaccinate to maintain homogeneous coverage of 95 percent with the 1st and 2nd doses of the measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccine in all municipalities;
- Vaccinate at-risk populations (without proof of vaccination or immunity against measles and rubella), such as healthcare workers, people working in tourism and transportation (hotels and catering, airports, taxi drivers, and others) and international

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PRO/AH/EDR> Trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease) - Brazil (02): (PA) foodborne

Foodborne Illness -- Brazil
In Para, Brazil, there has been a cluster of Chagas disease cases that officials believe may be related to the consumption of tainted acai berries. This could be because of carelessness in the conditions [during the] preparation of the product. The disease is typically contracted by consuming food or beverages contaminated by infected triatomine bugs, also known as "kissing" bugs.
Illness typically develops by one week after exposure and can last for up to 60 days. Although most infected

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PRO/AH> Cyclosporiasis - USA (10): update

Foodborne Illness -- United States
The number of people sick from an outbreak of a gastrointestinal illness, called cyclosporiasis, linked to McDonald's salads is now 507, federal health officials said Thursday [23 Aug 2018]. All the illnesses have been confirmed with lab tests. In all, 24 of those individuals have been hospitalized.
The illnesses began between 20 May and 21 Jul 2018, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Illnesses have been reported in 16 states: Connecticut, Florida, Iowa,

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PRO/EDR> Poliomyelitis update (38): global (Congo DR, Nigeria, Somalia)

Polio -- DR Congo
New wild poliovirus cases reported this week: 0
Total number of wild poliovirus cases in 2018: 14
Total number of wild poliovirus cases in 2017: 22
New cVDPV cases reported this week: 2
Total number of cVDPV cases (all types) in 2018: 25 [? 4 new cVDPV case confirmations - 2 in DR Congo, one in Nigeria, one in Somalia - Mod.MPP]
Total number of cVDPV cases (all types) in 2017: 96
Headlines
Summary of new viruses this week:
- Afghanistan - 2 new wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1)

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PRO/AH/EDR> MERS-CoV (29): UK (England) ex Middle East, RFI, correction

MERS -- United Kingdom


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PRO/AH/EDR> Rocky Mountain spotted fever - Mexico: (BN) genetic confirmation

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever -- Mexico
"Since 2008, a large epidemic of Rocky Mountain spotted fever has been emerging among humans and dogs in Mexicali, adjacent to the United States in Baja California, Mexico. We molecularly confirmed the causative agent; this information can be used to study the origin and dynamics of the epidemic.
"Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), caused by the bacteria _Rickettsia rickettsii_, is responsible for more human deaths than any other tickborne disease in North America (1). During 1999-2007, a

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (76): Congo DR (NK) case update, response

Ebola -- DR Congo
- On [Thu 23 Aug 2018], the Minister of Health, Dr Oly Ilunga, officially handed over materials to strengthen the fight against the Ebola outbreak in Mandima, Ituri province. In particular, he handed the Governor of the Province an ambulance and 13 motorcycles for surveillance and investigation. Then they visited the site in Makeke [Ituri province] where the new Ebola treatment center (ETC) will be built.
- The Minister of Health also met with the customary authorities of Mangina and Beni

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (22): Middle East (Israel)

West Nile Virus -- Israel
Two Israelis have died in the past few weeks from West Nile fever, the Health Ministry said [Thu 23 Aug 208], amid the biggest outbreak of the mosquito-transmitted disease in recent years.
The ministry said in a statement that 68 cases have been reported -- twice as much as last year [2017] -- and that 14 of the patients were in serious condition.
Two people have died, it added, including an 85-year-old man with what the ministry described as "preexisting health problems."
The 2nd

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (21): Europe

West Nile Virus -- Serbia
An outbreak of the deadly West Nile virus is spreading across Europe and more mosquitoes known to spread the disease have been found in Essex.
The World Health Organisation has warned of a spike in cases of the mosquito-borne infection, which has killed 3 people in Italy in recent days.
Some 401 cases of West Nile virus have been diagnosed across Europe so far this year [2018], with the majority occurring in Serbia, Italy and Greece. 22 people have died as a result of infection.
While

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Thursday 23 August 2018

PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Zimbabwe (03): canine sero-surveilance

Anthrax -- Zimbabwe
Citation: N. L. Mukarati, O. Ndumnego, H. van Heerden, D. N. Ndhlovu, G. Matope, A. Caron, M. de Garine-Wichatitsky, D. M. Pfukenyi: A serological survey of anthrax in domestic dogs in Zimbabwe: a potential tool for anthrax surveillance. Epidemiology & Infection. 2018; 146(12):1526-1532. doi:
Abstract. Anthrax is an important disease caused by the bacterium _Bacillus anthracis_ affecting both domestic and wild animals at the wildlife/livestock interface, defined here as a physical space in

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Kyrgyzstan (04): (OH) bovine, OIE

Anthrax -- Kyrgyzstan
Information received on Thu 23 Aug 2018 from Dr Kalysbek Jumakanov, Director Chief State Veterinary Inspector (CVO), State Inspectorate of Veterinary and Phyto-Sanitary Security, Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 12 Aug 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 22 Aug 2018
Report date: 23 Aug 2018
Date submitted to OIE: 23 Aug 2018
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (07): China (ZJ) domestic swine, spread, OIE

African Swine Fever -- China
Information received on [and dated] Thu 23 Aug 2018 from Dr Zhang Zhongqui, director general, China Animal Disease Control Centre, Veterinary Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China (People's Rep. of)
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 17 Aug 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 22 Aug 2018
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: African swine fever (ASF)

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PRO/AH/EDR> MERS-CoV (28): UK (England) ex Middle East, RFI

MERS -- United Kingdom
Public Health England (PHE) confirms that an individual has been diagnosed with Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) in England. The patient was initially admitted to a hospital in Leeds and was transferred to Royal Liverpool Hospital, an expert respiratory infectious disease centre, where they are [sic] stable and receiving appropriate treatment. The patient is a resident of the Middle East, where they are [sic] believed to have contracted the infection before travelling to the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Devil facial tumor, Tasmanian devil - Tasmania: DFT2, mechanisms of spread

Not Yet Classified -- Australia
Already suffering from the spread of devil facial tumor disease, Tasmanian devils are now under threat from a 2nd type of face cancer [This 2nd type was discovered in 2014. - Mod.PMB].
Scientists have identified the emergence of another similar but distinct disease, devil facial tumour 2, among Tasmania's devil population. Researchers described the threat in a new paper published this week [week of 13 Aug 2018] in the journal eLife.
Over the last decade, the Tasmanian devil population

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (06): China (ZJ) domestic swine, spread

African Swine Fever -- China
China, home to the world's largest pig herd, reported its 4th outbreak of the deadly African swine fever [ASF] on Thursday [23 Aug 2018], with more than 400 pigs infected as the disease entered a 4th province, fanning worries about its rapid spread.
The infection killed 340 hogs on 3 farms in the coastal city of Wenzhou in eastern Zhejiang province, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said in a statement. Zhejiang is the 4th region to discover the infection and the furthest from

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PRO/EDR> Coccidioidomycosis - USA (02): (CA) increase cases, 2017

Valley Fever -- United States
The California Department of Public Health (CDPH) is reporting that in 2017, 7466 new cases of valley fever were reported, making 2017 the highest annual incidence reported in California since coccidioidomycosis became individually reportable in 1995 [1]. It was also the 2nd consecutive record year for reported valley fever cases.
Consistent with previous years, the highest coccidioidomycosis incidence in 2017 were reported in counties in the Central Valley and central coast regions,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Japanese encephalitis & other - India (18): (BR)

Japanese Encephalitis -- India
This year [2018] the state has recorded 17 Japanese encephalitis (JE) cases so far with 5 cases in Muzaffarpur, 4 in Sitamarhi, 3 in Patna, and one each in Bhojpur, Lakhisarai, Gaya, Sheohar, and Nalanda districts.
State epidemiologist Dr Ragini Mishra reportedly said, "We are keeping a close watch on the situation. It has been observed that JE cases registers a sharp increase by the last week of August [2018]. Like every year, we have issued certain guidelines for civil surgeons,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (75): Congo DR (NK) cases, WHO, response, perspectives

Ebola -- DR Congo
- The Ambassador of the European Union to the Democratic Republic of Congo, Mr Bart Ouvry, the Deputy Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General in the DRC, Mrs Kim Bolduc, and the Minister-Counselor for Development Cooperation at the Embassy of Belgium, Ms Annelies De Backer, traveled to Beni on Wed 22 Aug 2018. After meeting the teams leading the Ebola response at headquarters, they went to Beni's General Referral Hospital where they visited Ebola treatment

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Wednesday 22 August 2018

PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax: latent infection, comment

Anthrax -- Worldwide/Unknown
Robert S. Gainer, 2018. Spore concentration and modified host resistance as cause of anthrax outbreaks: A practitioner's perspective. Canadian Veterinary Journal 59 (2):185-187.

[Abstracted, summarized - Mod.MHJ]:
Most of what is written about the cause of anthrax outbreaks is by professional academics in the fields of microbiology, epidemiology, and pathology. Little has been written by veterinary practitioners as it is normally not part of their job. Academic contributions could be

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PRO/EDR> Chlorine poisoning - France (VP) swimming pool

Poisoning -- France
Disneyland Paris accidentally poisoned 22 guests and staff in its swimming pool with harmful chemicals. People affected suffered sickness, coughing, chest pain and headaches after breathing in the fumes,
It's reported the chemicals were mixed incorrectly, causing chlorine gas to be released.
When chlorine gas is breathed in, it can cause swelling of the upper airway, coughing, sickness, chest pain and headaches.
Emergency services were called, and 4 of the 22 people affected were sent

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PRO/AH/EDR> Snake fungal disease - USA: (MI) study on pathogenesis

Other Animal Disease -- United States
We have a rattlesnake in Michigan called the eastern massasauga. It's listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act. One of the threats it's facing is a disease called snake fungal disease, and it can kill the snakes.
Dr. Matt Allender is a veterinarian, and an assistant professor at the University of Illinois. He also directs the Wildlife Epidemiology Lab.
"Snake fungal disease is a fungal pathogen, an emerging disease similar to white-nose syndrome in bats or chytrid

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PRO/AH> Foot & mouth disease - Israel (06): (HZ) gt O/ME-SA/PanAsia-2(QOM-15) resolved

Foot and Mouth -- Israel
Information received on [and updated] 21 Aug 2018 from Dr Shlomo Garazi, Chief Officer for Import and Export of the Veterinary Services, Veterinary Services and Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, BET DAGAN, Israel
Summary
Report type: Follow-up report No. 2 (Final report)
Date of start of the event: 2 Apr 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 8 Apr 2018
Report date: 21 Aug 2018
Date submitted to OIE: 21 Aug 2018
Date event resolved: 16 Jul 2018
Reason for

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Pakistan (11): (Sindh)

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever -- Pakistan
The administration of the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC) confirmed on [Sun 19 Aug 2018] that a 23-year-old man with [Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever] (CCHF) was admitted to one of its isolation wards.
"[The man], was brought to JPMC emergency with bruises on his body on [Sat 18 Aug 2018] and we shifted him to an isolation ward on suspicion of Congo virus," Dr Seemin Jamali, executive director, said while talking to The News. On [Sun 19 Aug 2018] he was confirmed to have

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (74): Congo DR (NK) cases, response, WHO, reflections

Ebola -- DR Congo
- The Ethics Committee approved the use of 4 additional experimental therapeutic molecules, namely ZMapp, Remdesivir, Favipiravir, and Regn3450 - 3471 - 3479. Ebola Treatment Centers (ETC) treatment and care teams will be able to use these molecules for the treatment of patients infected with Ebola virus disease. The protocols for administering these molecules meet strict conditions related in particular to the condition of the patient, the ease of use of the treatment and the capacity of the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Vector mosquito control methods

Pests -- United States
Mosquitoes are some of the most deadly creatures on the planet. They carry viruses, bacteria, and parasites, which they transmit through bites, infecting some 700 million people and killing more than 1 million each year.
With international travel, migration, and climate change, these infections are no longer confined to tropical and subtropical developing countries. Pathogens such as West Nile virus and Zika virus have caused significant outbreaks in the United States and its territories

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Tuesday 21 August 2018

PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed die-off, sea urchin - UK: (England)

Animal Die-off -- United Kingdom
Hundreds of baseball-like sea creatures have washed up on a Cornish beach. The small heart-shaped orbs were sea potatoes, a sea urchin that lives buried in sandy and muddy sea beds all around UK coasts.
Rosie Hendricks was on the beach at Wherrytown in Penzance earlier with her daughter, sister and nephew when she spotted the "odd-looking" creatures. Ms. Hendricks, from Penzance, who had never seen anything like it before, said: "I wasn't sure what they were."
There was a similar

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (93): Russia (KT) poultry, HPAI H5N2, alert

Avian Influenza H5N2 -- Russia
Russian authorities have confirmed an outbreak of avian influenza on a 500 000-bird commercial farm in Kostromskaya, a region to the north-west of the country.
According to the disease report, sequencing analysis showed the virus (H5N2) belonged to the Asian strain which has been detected in multiple wild bird and poultry cases across Asia, Africa and Europe since 2014.
There have been no human cases associated with H5N2 HPAI (highly pathogenic avian influenza) infection in areas where

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (53): Europe, WHO, worldwide

Measles -- Worldwide/Unknown
Over 41 000 children and adults in the WHO European region have been infected with measles in the first 6 months of 2018. The total number for this period far exceeds the 12-month totals reported for every other year this decade. So far, the highest annual total for measles cases between 2010 and 2017 was 23 927 for 2017, and the lowest was 5273 for 2016. Monthly country reports also indicate that at least 37 people have died due to measles so far this year [2018].
"Following the decade's

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (37): (KY)

Hepatitis A -- United States
Since [1 Aug 2017], the Kentucky Department for Public Health (DPH) has identified 1425 cases of acute hepatitis A, a liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus. An increase in cases since [1 Aug 2017], primarily among homeless people and drug users, prompted declaration of a statewide outbreak in November 2017. Viral sequencing has linked several outbreak-associated cases in Kentucky with outbreaks in California and Utah.
The DPH is working closely with the Centers for Disease Control

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PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - Guinea: bovine, OIE

Foot and Mouth -- Guinea
Information received on [and dated] 19 Aug 2018 from Mr Daouda Bangoura, [National Director of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Livestock], Conakry, Guinea
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 5 May 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 19 Aug 2018
Reason for notification: reoccurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 27 Mar 2014
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Foot-and-mouth disease virus
Serotype:

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Pakistan (10): (PB)

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever -- Pakistan
The Department of Infectious Diseases [DID] at Holy Family Hospital [HFH] in town [Rawalpindi, Punjab] received a total of 17 suspected patients of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) so far in the year 2018, of which only 3 were tested positive for CCHF; however experts still believe that people must follow preventive measures while dealing with sacrificial animals ahead of Eidul Azha [22 Aug 2018].
Data collected by 'The News' on Friday [17 Aug 2018] has revealed that from January this

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (73): Congo DR (NK) cases, anti-viral, research

Ebola -- DR Congo
The Ministry of Health has decreed free healthcare in the 3 health zones most affected by the epidemic, namely Mabalako, Oicha, and Beni [North Kivu]. Since Mon 20 Aug 2018, free care is effective in the 7 public health centers of Mabalako and will be effective in other affected areas in the coming days.
Vaccination
-----------
Immunization activities continue at the three sites of Mabalako, Beni, and Mandima. Since vaccination began on 8 Aug 2018, 1273 people have been vaccinated ,

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Monday 20 August 2018

PRO/AH/EDR> MERS-CoV (27): Saudi Arabia clarification, outcome update, WHO

MERS -- Saudi Arabia
In reference to PRO/AH/EDR> MERS-CoV (26): Saudi Arabia, abattoir workers (Nigeria), primary camel exposure, Archive Number: http://bit.ly/2w0v61v, we would like to highlight a few points:
You commented that it is difficult to discuss the case further in the absence of more details, other than to conclude it is classified as a primary case with community acquisition, in the absence of known direct (or indirect) camel contact. This is exactly the situation. In 2013,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis - USA (10): (MO) cluster, church picnic

Salmonella -- United States
The number of cases of salmonellosis has increased after it was 1st detected in Perry County, Missouri on Mon 5 Aug 2018.
According to the Perry County Memorial Hospital, as of Mon 20 Aug 2018, there were 52 cases of salmonellosis. Sheila Hahs, the Perry County Health Department communicable disease coordinator, said they are seeing fewer and fewer cases as time goes on. She said they are also starting to think that some of the cases they are seeing now might be secondary cases.
She said

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis - USA (09): (WA) smoothies, st Braenderup

Salmonella -- United States
Public Health-Seattle and King County announced on Fri 17 Aug 2018 that it is investigating an outbreak of salmonellosis -- caused by salmonella bacteria -- associated with Burien Fresh Smoothies. The business has been closed pending "a thorough cleaning and disinfection of their establishment, adoption of safe food handling practices to minimize cross contamination risks, and after any remaining processed ready-to-eat food products are discarded."
"At this time, the source of the illness

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PRO/EDR> Vector borne diseases - Pakistan: (NW)

Chikungunya -- Pakistan
Fear gripped people after score of cases of fever with acute joint pain were reported in various parts of Swat [Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province]. However, health experts said that there was nothing serious as it was a seasonal fever outbreak.
The majority of the people affected with fever belong to Faizabad union council where over 100 patients were recorded.
"Four days ago I got high fever with acute pain in my bones. I rushed to hospital where it was found malaria after initial

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (05): China (JS) domestic swine, spread, OIE

African Swine Fever -- China
Information received on [and dated] 19 Aug 2018 from Dr Zhang Zhongqui, Director General, China Animal Disease Control Centre, Veterinary Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China (People's Rep. of)
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 15 Aug 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 19 Aug 2018
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: African swine fever virus
Nature of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - France (03): (PR) livestock

Anthrax -- France
More than 50 cows, sheep, and horses have died in France's most serious outbreak of anthrax in 2 decades, according to officials who have warned of a vaccine shortage. Authorities in the mountainous Hautes-Alpes [Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur] region of southeastern France said the infection, which can spread to humans and is deadly in its rarest forms, had spread to 28 farms since June [2018].
French vets have been battling to contain the outbreak because the Spanish laboratory which produces

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PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - Canada: (ON)

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- Canada
Two Haldimand [county] horses have tested positive for a serious equine virus. The horses, which are housed in the Dunnville area, tested positive earlier this month [August 2018] for eastern equine encephalitis [EEE] virus after showing neurological symptoms, the Haldimand-Norfolk health unit announced [Wed 15 Aug 2018].
The health unit has not had a report of a horse positive for the virus since 2009. "This serves notice that the virus continues to circulate in the area," the health unit

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PRO/AH/EDR> Usutu virus vectors - North America

Other Animal Disease -- Worldwide/Unknown
Abstract
--------
Background. Usutu virus (USUV) is a member of the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) serocomplex in the Flaviviridae family. Emergence of USUV in Europe has led to disease burdens in birds and created increasing concern for the potential zoonotic transmission to humans. Whilst USUV has not been detected in the New World, the identification of competent vector species in North America is critical in the assessment of the likelihood of its dispersal and establishment of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (19): (NY)

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- United States
A horse in the town of West Monroe [Oswego county] died last week [week of 6 Aug 2018] of eastern equine encephalitis [EEE], a mosquito-borne virus, according to the Oswego County Health Department.
The diagnosis was confirmed by tests performed by the state Health Department.
While there is no EEE vaccine available for humans, there is a vaccine for horses. The health department said horse owners should talk to veterinarians about getting their horses vaccinated.
Horses cannot spread

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (19): Americas (USA) mosquitoes, birds

West Nile Virus -- United States
The _Culex pipiens_ mosquito is the insect primarily responsible for the spread of West Nile virus in the Bay Area [California]. The number of birds and mosquitoes testing positive for the West Nile virus has increased by 50 percent in the past week, the county Mosquito & Vector Control District reported on [Fri 17 Aug 2018].
In the past week, there have been 4 groups of mosquitoes, 4 dead birds, and one group of sentinel chickens that have tested positive for the West Nile virus. The

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PRO/AH/EDR> Leptospirosis - Honduras: (CL) nosocomial susp

Leptospirosis -- Honduras
Authorities of the San Isidro de Tocoa General Hospital, Colón, confirmed 6 cases of leptospirosis in that community.
The authorities of health region number 6 of Colón, called on the population to stay alert to this new threat to health. The hospital spokesman said that 3 of those affected are employees of the health center and underwent surgery. "After having suspicions in these cases, it was confirmed by tests that patients suffered from leptospirosis." The spokesman

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (72): Congo DR (NK) cases, response, research

Ebola -- DR Congo
- Investigations by field epidemiologists have already invalidated several probable cases (or historical deaths) in the Mabalako area. This means that these historic deaths were not caused by the Ebola outbreak. Thus, several hundred contacts registered for these probable cases have been cleaned from the list of registered contacts. To date, surveillance teams have registered 1609 contacts to follow. The invalidated probable cases will be officially removed from the summary table later when

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Sunday 19 August 2018

PRO/EDR> Measles update (52): Americas, Pacific

Measles -- United States
[1] USA: Arizona (Sedona) tourist-related
[2] USA: California (Los Angeles county, Santa Monica) tourist-related
[3] Brazil
[4] Argentina
Pacific
-----
[5] Western Australia (Perth) travel-associated
******
[1] USA (Arizona, Sedona)
Date: Sat 18 Aug 2018
Source: ABC15 [edited]

Health officials have issued a warning of a potential measles exposure after an out-of-state visitor with the measles traveled to northern Arizona.
A spokesperson for the Arizona Department of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Chronic wasting disease, cervid - USA (12): (MN) research

Chronic Wasting Disease -- United States
Back in March [2018], field biologists caught and collared 109 deer. They've been tracking them ever since, trying to get a sense of where and how quickly chronic wasting disease [CWD] could spread.
The findings are still preliminary at this point, but so far, head researcher Christopher Jennelle said slowing the spread of the disease might be more complicated than biologists thought. "One of our female animals has traveled approximately 80 miles [about 129 km]," he said. "That really blew

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PRO/EDR> Hand, foot & mouth disease update (07): Southeast Asia (Singapore) USA (VA)

Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease -- Singapore
"Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) was first identified in California in 1969 and described in 1974 by Schmidt et al. Since then it has been implicated in more than 10 small and large outbreaks worldwide. Wide epidemic of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD), generally benign, occurred in Japan in 1973 and 1978. Important outbreaks with brain stem encephalitis and high mortality rates have been described in Europe in the 1970s (Bulgaria and Hungary in 1975 and 1978 respectively), in Malaysia in 1997 and

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PRO/AH/EDR> Onchocerciasis - Uganda: refugees

River Blindness -- Uganda
http://bit.ly/2MI4VGt

The Ugandan government says effort to eliminate river blindness (onchocerciasis) have suffered setbacks from recurrent cross-border transmissions from neighboring South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Addressing a meeting held to evaluate progress towards the elimination of river blindness in Kampala recently, Uganda Onchocerciasis Elimination Expert

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (04): China (JS) spread

African Swine Fever -- China
China's Ministry of Agriculture said on Sunday (19 Aug 2018) that 88 hogs had died from African swine fever [ASF] in the city of Lianyungang, in eastern China's Jiangsu province, as the highly contagious disease continues to spread through the world's biggest pig herd.
A total of 615 hogs have been infected since Wed 15 Aug 2018 with swine fever in Lianyungang, in Jiangsu province, where authorities have banned the movement of hogs, related products, and animals that are easily infected

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (18): Middle East (Israel) mosquitoes positive

West Nile Virus -- Israel
The Environment Ministry has issued orders to local authorities around the country to act to reduce the mosquito population in their jurisdictions, after mosquitoes infected with West Nile virus were discovered at a number of locations in Israel. The infected mosquitoes were discovered in areas that included Pardes Chana, Caesarea, Binyamina, and the Menashe [Haifa district], Mateh Yehudah [Jerusalem district] and Gezer [Central district] regional councils.
The infected mosquitoes were

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PRO/AH/EDR> Tick-borne encephalitis - UK: (England) louping ill susp

Tick-borne Encephalitis -- United Kingdom
1. Jeffries CL, Mansfield KL, Phipps LP, et al. Louping ill virus: an endemic tick-borne disease of Great Britain. J Gen Virol. 2014; 95(Pt 5): 1005-14. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.062356-0. Epub 2014 Feb 19; available at .
2. Gilbert L. Louping ill virus in the UK: a review of the hosts, transmission and ecological consequences of control. Exp Appl Acarol. 2016; 68(3): 363-74. doi: 10.1007/s10493-015-9952-x. Epub 2015 Jul 24; abstract available at .
The advice to wear light-colored clothing to

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PRO/AH/EDR> Leptospirosis - Israel (05): (HZ) recreation, streams, MOH update

Leptospirosis -- Israel
The Israeli Ministry of Health [MOH] is currently managing an outbreak of human leptospirosis linked to recreational water exposure in Northern Israel.
The investigation began following reports of several suspected cases who presented to several hospitals across Israel during the weekend of 9-11 Aug 2018, following touristic excursions.
According to current active surveillance data and following public notification, over 250 individuals were identified as suspected cases per MOH case

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PRO/EDR> West Nile virus (17): Europe (Greece)

West Nile Virus -- Greece
The number of deaths from the West Nile virus has risen to 5, it emerged on [Thu 16 Aug 2018] as the Center for Disease Prevention and Control (KEELPNO) confirmed that a total of 77 cases of the infection have been recorded in Greece since the beginning of the summer [2018], 17 in the past week.
The death toll rose following the deaths of 2 people, both aged over 70, in the past 2 weeks.
The virus, which is carried by infected mosquitoes, has also spread geographically, with cases

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Saturday 18 August 2018

PRO/AH/EDR> Japanese encephaliis & other - India (17): (AS)

Japanese Encephalitis -- India
When SI, 21, a resident of North Assam's Lakhimpur district, recently started throwing up, running a temperature, and complaining of a headache, his family rushed him to the mini-primary health centre in the area.
The district has been at the centre of an acute encephalitis syndrome outbreak. At least 7 Japanese encephalitis (JE) death cases have been confirmed this year [2018] in the district so far.
Acute encephalitis syndrome is a condition of brain inflammation caused by both

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (71): Congo DR (NK) cases, response, bats

Ebola -- DR Congo
On Fri 17 Aug 2018, the Minister of Health, Dr. Oly Ilunga Kalenga, visited the teams deployed in Mangina (Mabalako Health Zone). In particular, he spoke with the additional surveillance teams sent in reinforcements who arrived since yesterday [Thu 16 Aug 2018] on site. With 2157 contacts already registered, they have a huge amount of work to do to follow up on these contacts, to continue the investigations and the active search for cases, as well as to prepare the ground for the vaccination

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PRO/AH/EDR> Brucellosis, canine - USA: public health risk

Brucellosis -- United States
_Brucella canis_ is an under-recognized infection in dogs that poses a threat to human health, according to a report published in the August [2018] issue of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Emerging Infectious Diseases [1] .
Noting that in humans the infection can cause fever, chills, malaise, peripheral lymphadenomegaly, and splenomegaly, Martha E. Hensel, DVM, from Texas A&M University in College Station, and colleagues evaluated serologic data, transmission patterns,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Canine influenza - USA (05): (CT) possible more virulent strain H3N2

Influenza H3N2 -- United States
Wilton joins Stamford and Greenwich on the list of Fairfield County municipalities with confirmed cases of H3N2, a newer virulent strain of canine influenza, or "dog flu," that appeared in New York City earlier this year [2018] before making its way into Connecticut.
In a Wed 8 Aug 2018 email, Dr. Jennifer Rosen told The Bulletin that South Wilton Veterinary Group on Danbury Road has had "3 confirmed cases" of H3N2. All 3 cases were in July [2018], the 1st of which was on Wed 11 July 2018,

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PRO/EDR> Syphilis - Barbados: congenital, rising incidence

Syphilis -- Barbados
Barbados health officials are reporting an increase in syphilis in pregnant women in recent years. The health ministry is now seeing an abnormally high rate of syphilis in pregnant women and, by extension, an increase in the number of babies born at risk for congenital syphilis.
Statistics show a rise from the average one or 2 cases a year of syphilis in pregnant women to 17 in 2016. According to the Ministry official, preliminary analyses from 2017 show a similarly high rate.
Dr. Anton

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PRO/AH/EDR> Malaria - India (04): (MH) Mumbai

Malaria -- India
The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation (BMC) has recorded 415 malaria cases this month [August 2018], more than a 50% decrease from the 1048 cases in August 2017.
In the 1st fortnight of this month [August 2018], the city recorded the 1st death due to malaria this year [2018] after a 52-year-old housekeeper from Worli Koliwada died of respiratory failure on 6 Aug 2018, one week after onset of fever and chills.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap Alerts

[ProMED last

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PRO/AH/EDR> Leptospirosis - Israel (04): (HZ) recreation, streams, animal reservoir

Leptospirosis -- Israel


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PRO/AH/EDR> Angiostrongylus cantonensis - USA (04): (HI)

Other Human Disease -- United States
Slugs or snails infected with rat lungworm parasites [_Angiostrongylus cantonensis_] can pass them along to humans who happen to eat all or part of the tiny animals, often on raw, unwashed produce. The state confirmed today [16 Aug 2018] the 5th case of rat lungworm disease in a toddler from East Hawaii.
In May [2018], the Department of Health (DOH) found Oahu's 1st case of rat lungworm disease this year [2018] in a toddler from Central Oahu. The department would not say how the children

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (16): Americas (USA)

West Nile Virus -- United States
West Nile virus disease cases by state 2018
State / Neuroinvasive* / Non-neuroinvasive** / Deaths / Presumptive viremic blood donors***
Alabama / 2 / 2 / 4 / 0 / 2
Arizona / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0
California / 7 / 6 / 13 / 0 / 3
Colorado / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 0
District of Columbia / 1 / 1 / 2 / 0 / 0
Florida / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1
Georgia / 1 / 0 / 1 / 0 / 1
Illinois / 2 / 1 / 3 / 0 / 0
Indiana / 0 / 1 / 1 / 0 / 0
Iowa / 0 / 0 / 0 / 0 / 1
Kansas / 2 / 0 / 2 / 0 / 0
Louisiana / 15 / 6 / 21

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (36): (KY, OH, IN)

Hepatitis A -- United States
A 5th Louisville resident has died from hepatitis A, according to the Louisville health department. The death happened "in the last 5 days or so," said Dave Langdon, spokesman for the Louisville Metro Department of Public Health and Wellness. The department did not release the name or age of the person who died.
Langdon said the number of hepatitis A cases per day has declined to about one, down from 4.1 in April 2018. "It obviously could go up before the end of the month," he said. A

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PRO/EDR> Undiagnosed illness - India: (JK) RFI

Undiagnosed -- India
The residents of Ningli and its adjoining villages in north Kashmir's Sopore [also sometimes Sopur] have been visiting hospitals near and far after the outbreak of a mysterious disease. More than 50 families in the village show symptoms of an illness that doctors say is a minor infection. Reports reaching GNS said the villagers of Tarzoo, Ningli and its adjoining areas are finding it hard to tackle the crisis, as more and more children, men and women are affected by the mysterious disease. "We

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PRO/AH/EDR> MERS-CoV (26): Saudi Arabia, abbatoir workers (Nigeria), primary camel exposure

MERS -- Saudi Arabia
Citation: So Ray TY, Perera Ranawaka APM, Oladipo Jamiu O, Chu Daniel KW, Kuranga Sulyman A, Chan Kin-ho, Lau Eric HY, Cheng Samuel MS, Poon Leo LM, Webby Richard J, Peiris Malik. Lack of serological evidence of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection in virus exposed camel abattoir workers in Nigeria, 2016. Euro Surveill. 2018; 23(32): pii=1800175.
Introduction
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is an ongoing threat to global public health [1].

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (15): Americas (USA, Canada) equine, human

West Nile Virus -- United States
The 1st case of West Nile virus (WNV) has been confirmed in a Washington horse in 2018. The Washington State Department of Agriculture reported that a 5-year-old Quarter Horse from Grant County has tested positive for WNV, the Equine Disease Communication Center (EDCC) said 13 Aug 2018. "The horse may have had one vaccination and has a neurological deficit in the right rear leg," the EDCC said. "The prognosis at this time appears to be favorable and the horse is receiving supportive

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (92): Russia (KT) poultry, HPAI H5N2, OIE

Avian Influenza -- Russia
Information received on Thu 16 Aug 2018 from from Dr Nikolay Vlasov, deputy head of the Rosselkhoznadzor, Ministry of Agriculture, Moscow, Russia
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 9 Aug 2018
Date of confirmation of the event: 11 Aug 2018
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 13 Mar 2018
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype:

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Friday 17 August 2018

PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed deaths - Algeria: (BU) renal failure, RFI

Undiagnosed -- Algeria
It all began on [Wed 8 Aug 2018], when the emergency department of AH Bessem, 26 km [about 16 mi] southwest of Bouira, received a patient from the commune bordering Raouraoua who was showing signs of food poisoning, namely, vomiting and diarrhea.
According to testimony of the patient's relatives, during the 4 days while the patient was still hospitalized, other family members who visited him fell ill one by one and were hospitalized in the same location, EPH of Ain Bessem. On [Sun 12 Aug

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PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Americas (50): Panama (LS)

Hantavirus -- Panama
A 73-year-old patient, maintained for more than 2 months in the intensive care unit of the Joaquin Pablo Franco in Las Tablas, died on Wednesday afternoon [15 Aug 2018] after having been infected by bacteria acquired in the hospital.
This information was confirmed by the Los Santos provincial health authorities, who explained that the patient, from the Flores community in Tonosi in Los Santos Province, had suffered hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome but remained hospitalized.
Carlos

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