Sunday 31 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (41): vaccine, EU, Iran, US navy ship, long haulers, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
The European Commission said on Friday [29 Jan 2021] that it had agreed on a plan to control exports of vaccines from the European Union, including to Britain, arguing it needed to do so to ensure its own supplies.
EU trade commissioner Valdis Dombrovskis told a news conference the export monitoring and controls were "time limited," initially lasting until the end of March 2021, and applied to COVID-19 vaccines the EU had bought in advance.
The bloc could block the export of a vaccine if

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (04): long term sequelae, antibody resurgence

Ebola -- Worldwide/Unknown
Although Ebola is from a different virus family, survivors' long-term symptoms are similar to those of people with long Covid. Scientists are studying the similarities between long Covid and ongoing symptoms experienced by survivors of Ebola and chikungunya virus in the hope of devising new treatments to improve their health.
Like patients with long Covid, survivors of these other, relatively new human viruses, often experience lingering symptoms which can make it difficult to work or

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Saturday 30 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Rift Valley fever - Eastern Africa (02): Kenya (IS, GA) animals, OIE, human, RFI

Rift Valley Fever -- Kenya
A roll-out has been launched to vaccinate thousands of cattle in Isiolo County following reported cases of Rift Valley fever (RVF) disease outbreak.
The vaccination, which will be carried for the next 21 days in Meri and Garbatula sub-counties of Isiolo, will target animals in hot spot areas where cases have been reported recently. Seven people and over 100 heads of cattle succumbed to the disease recently in Erisaboru Biliki and Sericho areas of Isiolo County.
Speaking during the

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (41): animal, China, origin, WHO experts mission, visits start

COVID-19 -- China
"Article 42: The state is to strengthen biosecurity management of pathogenic microbiology labs and draft uniform standards for laboratory biological security. Pathogenic microbiology laboratories shall meet the national standards and requirements on biological security.
"Engagement in experiments of pathogenic microbes shall strictly follow relevant national standards, laboratory technical regulations, and operational procedures, and shall employ safety and prevention measures.
"Article

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (40): vaccines, Thailand, Viet Nam, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 1 396 042 (9951) / 24 216 (187)
European Region (61): 33 929 775 (193 515) / 735 449 (5320)
South East Asia Region (10): 12 796 765 (35 424) / 196 976 (675)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 5 624 974 (24 510) / 133 088 (424)
Region of the

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Friday 29 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (21): Europe, wild bird, poultry, H5N8, H5N5, H5N4, H5N3, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8, Avian Influenza -- Italy
Information received on [and dated] 27 Jan 2021 from Dr. Davide Lecchini, Chief Veterinary Officer, Directorate General for Veterinary Health and Veterinary Medicinal Products (DGSAF), Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 21 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 25 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 15 Nov 2017
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (39): Spain, Switzerland, animal, mink, cat, OIE

COVID-19 -- Spain
Information received on [and dated] 26 Jan 2021 from Dr. Valentin Almansa, Director General, Health of Agricultural Production, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Madrid, Spain
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 8 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 22 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: Emerging disease
Morbidity: [0.20%]
Mortality: 0%
Zoonotic impact: The infected animals showed no clinical signs.
Causal agent: SARS-CoV-2
New

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (38): infectious duration, post vaccine infection, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- South Korea
The duration of transmissibility of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the associated level of contagion have been uncertain. We cultured severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in serial respiratory samples obtained from hospitalized patients with COVID-19 to assess the duration of shedding of viable virus.
The data reported here represent all the patients with COVID-19, as confirmed by positive real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)

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PRO/AH/EDR> Sea star wasting syndrome - North America: oxygen depletion

Other Animal Disease -- Worldwide/Unknown
In 2013, the lives of millions of sea stars were mysteriously extinguished. Limbs that were once strong, probing arms searching for sustenance, shrivelled and tore themselves away from the rest of their bodies and melted into a sickly goo.
"There were arms everywhere," ecologist Drew Harvell told The Atlantic's Ed Yong. "It looked like a blast zone."
The dismal remains of these animals, who are usually capable of regenerating their own limbs, were strewn along the entire West Coast of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (01): USA (FL) horse

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- United States
A 4-year-old quarter horse from a private facility in Volusia County has been confirmed with eastern equine encephalitis (EEE).
The unvaccinated horse showed signs of inability to stand, incoordination, and weakness of hind limbs earlier this month [January 2021]and was euthanized.
This is the 1st confirmed case of EEE in Florida for 2021.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED

[While eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) crops up every year, especially in unvaccinated animals, this is

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Thursday 28 January 2021

PRO/ALL> Announcements: Opt-in coming soon for ProMED

Not Yet Classified -- Worldwide/Unknown


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PRO/EDR> Pertussis update: Canada (NT)

Whooping Cough -- Canada
The NWT's [Northwest Territories'] chief public health officer has declared an outbreak of pertussis, or whooping cough, in the Dehcho region after a total of 7 cases were confirmed in 2 communities. The cases were confirmed in Jean Marie River and Fort Simpson, according to an advisory issued Wednesday [13 Jan 2021] morning. Last week, officials advised of 4 people that had been diagnosed in Fort Simpson [].
Pertussis is a vaccine-preventable disease that affects the lungs and respiratory

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (37): neutralizing antibodies, variant updates, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- United Kingdom
Abstract
--------
Importance
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to spread rapidly worldwide. Neutralizing antibodies are a potential treatment for COVID-19.
Objective
To determine the effect of bamlanivimab monotherapy and combination therapy with bamlanivimab and etesevimab on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load in mild to moderate COVID-19.
Design, setting, and participants
The BLAZE-1 study is a randomized phase 2/3 trial at 49 US

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (20): Europe, poultry, captive bird, H5N8, H5N5, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8, Avian Influenza -- Italy
Information received on [and dated] 25 Jan 2021 from Dr Davide Lecchini, Chief Veterinary Officer, Directorate General for Veterinary Health and Veterinary Medicinal Products (DGSAF), Ministry of Health, ROME, Italy
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 22 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 23 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 23 Mar 2018
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian

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Wednesday 27 January 2021

PRO/PL> Undiagnosed diseases, vegetable crops - Uganda: (LM)

Undiagnosed -- Uganda
An estimated 900 vegetable farmers in Lamwo district [Northern region] have lost several acres of vegetable crops to a strange disease. The vegetables most affected are cabbages, eggplants, and tomatoes. The disease, which was first detected in April 2020, attacks the roots or fruits of the crops, causing wilting of the whole plant when still young. According to [a farmer], they alerted their district agricultural officer about the strange disease in April last year [2020], but they are yet to

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PRO/EDR> Syphilis - Japan: more cases

Syphilis -- Japan
For the 4th year in a row, Japan's National Institute of Infectious Diseases in Tokyo (NIID) has reported more than 5000 syphilis cases in the country. In 2020, 5784 syphilis cases were reported in Japan, with 1550 reported in Tokyo (26.8%) and 889 (15.4%) in Osaka.
Syphilis was a major issue in Japan until shortly after the end of World War II, but the total reported cases declined to several hundred annually until 2011, when a rebound began. In 2014, more than 1600 cases were reported, as

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PRO/PL> Fig mosaic virus - Russia: 1st rep (Crimea)

Other Plant Disease -- Russia
_Fig mosaic virus_ (FMV) (genus _Emaravirus_, family Fimoviridae) is considered the etiological agent of fig mosaic disease (FMD) recorded in most of the fig-growing areas with an average global infection rate of 33%. FMD-like symptoms, which include mosaic, chlorotic ringspots, and oak leaf patterns, were observed in approximately 1/3 of 400 fig accessions in Yalta Botanical Gardens [southern Crimean Peninsula].
Symptomatic leaves of 59 32-year-old trees representing 31 local and 27

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PRO/AH> Foot & mouth disease - Israel (02): (HZ) deer, gt O/ME-SA/PanAsia-2, spread

Foot and Mouth -- Israel
Information received on [and dated] 25 Jan 2021 from Dr. Tamir Goshen, Acting Director, Veterinary Services and Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Beit Dagan, Israel
Summary
Report type: Follow-up report no. 3
Date of start of the event: 1 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 4 Jan 2021
Report date: 25 Jan 2021
Date submitted to OIE: 25 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 9 Sep

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PRO/AH/EDR> Monkeypox - Africa (01): Congo DR 2020

Monkeypox -- DR Congo
The number of monkeypox cases, confirmed and suspected, reported in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), was nearly a 1000-case increase compared to 2019.
In 2019, DRC reported 5288 suspected monkeypox cases, a high number, indeed; however, this number was eclipsed in 2020, during which a total of 6257 suspected and confirmed cases were reported. In addition, the number of deaths from 2019 to 2020 more than doubled: 107 and 229 deaths, respectively.
Monkeypox is a rare disease

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PRO/AH/EDR> Lassa fever - West Africa (03): Nigeria

Lassa Fever -- Nigeria
Key points:
Current week (02) (11-17 Jan 2021) / Cumulative week 1 / Cumulative 2020 week 1
Suspected cases: 117 / 226 / 255
Confirmed cases: 14 / 23 / 82
Probable cases: 0 / 0 / 0
Deaths: 2 / 4 / 14
Case fatality rate (CFR [%]): 14.3 / 17.4 / 17.1
Number of states affected: 3 / 5 / 8
Local government areas (LGAs) affected: 8 / 12 / 13
Highlights
- In week 2, the number of new confirmed cases increased from 9 in week 1, 2021 to 14 cases. These were reported from 3 states (Edo,

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (36): surge, Portugal, Indonesia, vaccines, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Portugal
Wu K, Werner AP, Moliva JI, et al. mRNA-1273 vaccine induces neutralizing antibodies against spike mutants from global SARS-CoV-2 variants. bioRxiv [Preprint]. 2021 Jan 25: 2021.01.25.427948. doi: 10.1101/2021.01.25.427948. PMID: 33501442; PMCID: PMC7836112; ]
----
[C] Moderna: vaccine use in pregnant women
Date: Tue 26 Jan 2021 20:06
Source: The Jerusalem Post[edited]

After reviewing Moderna data, a World Health Organization (WHO) panel of experts on Tuesday [26 Jan 2021] stated

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PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever vaccines: fractional dose effective

Yellow Fever -- Uganda
Summary
-------
Background
Stocks of yellow fever vaccine are insufficient to cover exceptional demands for outbreak response. Fractional dosing has shown efficacy, but evidence is limited to the 17DD substrain vaccine. We assessed the immunogenicity and safety of 1/5 fractional dose compared with standard dose of 4 WHO-prequalified yellow fever vaccines produced from 3 substrains.
Methods
We did this randomised, double-blind, non-inferiority trial at research centres in Mbarara,

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Tuesday 26 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Ross River virus - Australia: (NS)

Ross River Virus -- Australia
Ross River fever cases have increased by 260 per cent in the southern Riverina in New South Wales, prompting the Murrumbidgee Local Health District (MLHD) to issue a health alert.
From 1-20 Jan [2021], 18 new cases of the mosquito-borne disease had been identified across the district, a significant increase from the fewer than 5 notified cases for the same period last year [2020].
MLHD infectious diseases manager April Roberts-Witteveen said the virus was regularly seen in the

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (35): South Korea (KN) animal, cat

COVID-19 -- South Korea
1. Opriessnig T, Huang YW. Third update on possible animal sources for human COVID-19. Xenotransplantation. 2021 Jan 21: e12671. doi: 10.1111/xen.12671. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33476071;
- Mod.AS
HealthMap/ProMED map of South Korea: ]
[See Also:
COVID-19 update (22): Russia (LN) St. Petersburg, animal, cat https://bit.ly/2Yun0fr
2020
----
COVID-19 update (552): USA, animal, cat, dog, snow leopard, OIE https://bit.ly/3pmdTZU
COVID-19 update

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (19): India, China, wild bird, HPAI H5N8, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- India
Information received on 25 Jan 2021 from Dr Huang Baoxu, Secretary of the Party Leadership Group, Animal Health and Epidemiology Centre, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao, China (People's Rep. of)
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 13 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 19 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: new strain of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (34): vaccine, N-terminal domain, USA ex Brazil, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- United States
Abstract
--------
"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative infection of a global pandemic that has led to more than 2 million deaths worldwide. The Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccine has demonstrated approximately 94% efficacy in a phase 3 study and has been approved under Emergency Use Authorization. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants with mutations in the spike protein, most recently circulating isolates from the United Kingdom (B.1.1.7) and Republic of South

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Monday 25 January 2021

PRO/EDR> Influenza (03): WHO global update, Europe (Ukraine)

Influenza -- Haiti
Information in this report is categorized by influenza transmission zones, which are geographical groups of countries, areas, or territories with similar influenza transmission patterns
Summary
-------
- The current influenza surveillance data should be interpreted with caution as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has influenced to varying extents health seeking behaviours, staffing/routines in sentinel sites, as well as testing priorities and capacities in Member States. The various hygiene

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (33): Sweden, zoo, tiger, lion

COVID-19 -- Sweden


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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (32): vacc. impact, twins, variant, Japan travel, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Japan
Vaccinated members sample, age group 60+ review
Given the great interest for data on the impact of Corona virus vaccine, Maccabi Health Services Research Center -- KSM, in collaboration with KI Institute, analyzed the data of COVID-19 infection and COVID-19-related hospitalizations among the 1st approximately 50 000 vaccine recipients (vaccinated between [19-24 Dec 2020]), ages 60+ [older than 60 years old].
Our current work represents raw data without implementing statistical methods

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Sunday 24 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (18): Europe, wild bird, H5N8, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Finland
Information received on 22 Jan 2021 from Dr Taina Aaltonen, Chief Veterinary Officer and Deputy Director General, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Helsinki, Finland
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 15 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 21 Jan 2021
Report date: 21 Jan 2021
Date submitted to OIE: 22 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 9

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (17): Kuwait (JA) HPAI, poultry, H5N8, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Kuwait
Information received on [and dated] 21 Jan 2021 from Dr Ali Al-Qattan, Deputy of Director General of Animal Wealth, Animal Wealth, Public Authority of Agriculture Affairs and Fish Resources, Safat, Kuwait
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 4 Nov 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 8 Nov 2020
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 28 Dec 2016
Manifestation of disease: Clinical disease
Causal agent:

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (31): foodborne transmission, variants, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
-------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 1 336 632 (11 548) / 23 149 (153)
European Region (61): 31 857 099 (188 728) / 701 752 (5777)
South East Asia Region (10): 12 627 306 (30 295) / 194 036 (445)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 5 484 650 (23 252) / 130 526 (447)
Region of the Americas (54): 43 133 022 (325 856) / 992 150

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Saturday 23 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Chronic wasting disease - North America (03): USA (WY) deer

Chronic Wasting Disease -- United States
Wildlife managers have documented chronic wasting disease (CWD) in a new swath of the Green River basin.
The Wyoming Game and Fish Department sent out a news release Wednesday [20 Jan 2021] announcing a positive hit for the prion disease in a mule deer buck found dead in deer hunt area 138. That 1628-square-mile zone stretches from the headwaters of Boulder Creek at the Continental Divide, down to the sagebrush-steppe landscape that terminates at Fontenelle Reservoir.
The arrival of the

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Europe (05): Germany (BB, SN) wild boar, spread

African Swine Fever -- Germany
A further outbreak of African swine fever (ASF) was confirmed by the National Reference Laboratory at the Friedrich Loeffler Institute (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health; FLI) when a wild boar carcass was found in the district of Gorlitz. The location is in the existing buffer zone and is about 2 km (1.2 mi) west of the Rothenburg/Gorlitz airfield and about 3.5 km (2.2 mi) from the Neisse. Since this is south, i.e., outside of the previously endangered area, the restriction zones

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Africa (01): South Africa (FS) domestic, OIE

African Swine Fever -- South Africa
Information received on 21 Jan 2021 from Dr. Bothle Michael Modisane, Chief Director, Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Animal Production and Health, Pretoria, South Africa
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 12 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 19 Jan 2021
Report date: 20 Jan 2021
Date submitted to OIE: 21 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 10 Jun

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PRO/AH/EDR> Rabies (03): Americas (USA) raccoon, dog, bobcat, fox, human exp

Rabies -- United States
A dog in Onondaga County tested positive for rabies following an encounter with a raccoon, the Onondaga County Health Department said.
Onondaga County Health Commissioner Dr. Indu Gupta said the dog, a household pet, tested positive for the virus after interacting with the raccoon while on a walk with its owner. [The only way the dog will test positive is to euthanize the dog and test the brain. - Mod.TG]
Due to contact with the dog, 4 people were exposed to rabies, and each were given

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PRO/AH/EDR> Hydrogen sulfide - India: (MH)

Poisoning -- India
At least 7 people fell ill from hydrogen sulphide [sulfide] gas poisoning at a plant in Raigad, news agency ANI reported on Friday [22 Jan 2021].
All the affected people have been sent to a hospital for treatment.
[Byline: Shubhangi Gupta]
--
Communicated by:
ProMED from HealthMap Alerts

["Hydrogen sulfide has many synonyms, including dihydrogen sulfide, sulfur hydride, sulfurated hydrogen, hydrosulfuric acid, 'sewer gas,' 'swamp gas,' hepatic acid, sour gas, and 'stink

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (30): vaccination impact, immune escape, variant, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
Vaccinated people in Israel are less likely to test positive for SARS-CoV-2, but a population-wide effect will take time to become clear.
Nature Briefing commentary: All eyes are on Israel, which has vaccinated roughly one-quarter of its population, for the 1st real-world evidence of a COVID vaccine's efficacy. A preliminary analysis of people older than 60 who received the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine found that it cut the chances of testing positive for the virus by a 3rd at 2 weeks after the

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Friday 22 January 2021

PRO/AH> Cutaneous & renal glomerular vasculopathy, canine - UK: (England) dog

Other Animal Disease -- United Kingdom
Dog owners have been warned after claims of a case of deadly Alabama rot was diagnosed in Christchurch.
Support group Dog Friendly Dorset has issued an alert for the St Catherine's Hill area. Posters put up in the area warn: "A case of Alabama rot has been diagnosed. Please be vigilant for symptoms in any animal you care for, and contact your vet if concerned."
The posters said symptoms to look out for include skin lacerations, ulcers, and sores. Affected dogs may be lethargic with a

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PRO/AH/EDR> Tuberculosis - Germany: (BY) cattle, human, typing pending, RFI

Tuberculosis -- Germany
At the end of December 2020, a child from the northern district was diagnosed with tuberculosis. The child is symptom-free but receiving medical treatment. The diagnosis was made after a cattle herd tested positive for the bacterium and the veterinary office passed on this information to the Health Department. Because of the large number of infected animals, all cattle in the herd were killed as a precaution and disposed of.
The farm has officially been put under restrictions following the

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (29): animal, peridomestic wildlife, experimental infection

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
Abstract
--------
Wild animals have been implicated as the origin of SARS-CoV-2, but it is largely unknown how the virus affects most wildlife species and if wildlife could ultimately serve as a reservoir for maintaining the virus outside the human population. Here we show that several common peridomestic species, including deer mice, bushy-tailed woodrats, and striped skunks, are susceptible to infection and can shed the virus in respiratory secretions. In contrast, we demonstrate that

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (01): China, domestic, illicit vaccine susp

African Swine Fever -- China
1. Vuono E, Ramirez-Medina E, Pruitt S, et al. Evaluation in swine of a recombinant Georgia 2010 African swine fever virus lacking the I8L gene. Viruses. 2020 Dec 29; 13(1): E39. doi: 10.3390/v13010039. PMID: 33383814; .
2. Guo Z, Li K, Qiao S, et al. Development and evaluation of duplex TaqMan real-time PCR assay for detection and differentiation of wide-type and MGF505-2R gene-deleted African swine fever viruses. BMC Vet Res. 2020 Nov 9; 16(1): 428. doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02639-2. PMID:

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (28): long COVID, variant, ECDC risk assessment, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
Throughout the coronavirus pandemic, public attention has mainly focused on the number of people who become severely ill and die from COVID-19. But what's become clear in recent months is the large and growing group of people who continue to deal with prolonged symptoms long after their original illness.
In a recent study posted on the preprint server medRxiv [preprint doi: ], analysis of an international survey of more than 3700 respondents with COVID-19 found that over 2/3 were still

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PRO/EDR> Meningitis, meningococcal - Australia: (WA) RFI

Meningitis - Neisseria -- Australia
The Department of Health today [21 Jan 2021] reported that an adult and a child are currently recovering after being diagnosed with meningococcal serogroup B disease. The 2 cases are not linked. These are the 1st reported cases of invasive meningococcal disease in 2021.
In 2020, 11 meningococcal cases were reported in WA; 5 were serogroup W, 3 were serogroup Y, 2 were serogroup B, and 1 was a serogroup C. There was also one death related to meningococcal disease in 2020.
Meningococcal

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PRO/AH/EDR> Chronic wasting disease - North America (02): USA (WI) deer

Chronic Wasting Disease -- United States
The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (DNR) confirms a wild deer has tested positive for chronic wasting disease (CWD).
The DNR says the deer was an adult buck harvested in the Town of Port Edwards [Wood County] during the 2020 gun-deer season and tested as part of the department's disease surveillance efforts.
"Unfortunately, I wasn't necessarily surprised by the announcement we found the 1st in Wood County, we've seen it pop up in surrounding counties Marathon, Adams, Juneau,

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Thursday 21 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (27): animal, China, origin, WHO experts mission

COVID-19 -- China
The United States called on China on Monday [18 Jan 2021] to allow an expert team from the World Health Organization (WHO) to interview "care givers, former patients, and lab workers" in the central city of Wuhan and ensure its access to medical data and samples.
The team of WHO-led independent experts trying to determine the origins of the new coronavirus arrived on 14 Jan [2021] in Wuhan, where they are holding teleconferences with Chinese counterparts during a 2-week quarantine before

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (16): Europe, wild bird, poultry, HPAI H5N1, H5N3, H5N5, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N1, Avian Influenza -- Germany
Information received on [and dated] 18 Jan 2021 from Dr. Dietrich Rassow, director for animal health and animal welfare, chief veterinary officer, Directorate of Animal Health and Animal Welfare, Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Berlin, Germany
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 27 Dec 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 30 Dec 2020
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 26 May

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Europe (04): Germany, wild boar

African Swine Fever -- Germany
Another 30 cases of African swine fever (ASF) have been found in wild boars in eastern Germany in a continuing outbreak among wild animals which has halted German pork exports to Asia.
The new cases were in the eastern state of Brandenburg and bring the number of confirmed instances of the disease in wild boar to 527 in the state, Brandenburg's health ministry said. Along with 17 cases in the eastern region of Saxony, this brings Germany's total reported cases to 544.
All were in wild

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PRO/EDR> COVID-19 update (26): autoAbs, vaccine, variants, escape mutants, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Israel
Khamsi R. Rogue antibodies could be driving severe COVID-19. Nature. 2021 Jan 19. doi: 10.1038/d41586-021-00149-1. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 33469204.
Evidence is growing that self-attacking 'autoantibodies' could be the key to understanding some of the worst cases of COVID-19.
More than a year after COVID-19 emerged, many mysteries persist about the disease: why do some people get so much sicker than others? Why does lung damage sometimes continue to worsen well after the body seems

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Wednesday 20 January 2021

PRO/PL> Undiagnosed dieback, sea buckthorn - Germany: research

Undiagnosed -- Germany
There is hope for the "lemon of the north." A 3-year research project will look for causes of the massive dieback of sea buckthorn in Germany. Collaborators include state and regional plant protection authorities, as well as the federal Julius-Kuhn-Institut for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture (JKI-OW).
The dieback is particularly severe in northern areas, where up to half of the shrubs have died in some plantations. The problem decreases towards the south of the country.

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PRO/PL> Stripe rust, wheat - India: (HR)

Other Plant Disease -- India
Yellow rust has been reported on wheat in Kurukshetra district. "Farmers have been advised to keep a close watch on the crop. The weather is favourable for the disease, and farmers should approach the department in case of any doubt," said [the] assistant plant protection officer.
He said certain varieties were susceptible to yellow rust and should be monitored properly. He said regular monitoring and timely prevention could curb the disease.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED

[Stripe rust

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PRO/AH/EDR> Brucellosis, canine - Italy: (MH) dog

Brucellosis -- Italy
Italian police on Tuesday [19 Jan 2021] shut down a dog breeding farm near Ancona in [the region] Marche.
Around 850 small dogs were sequestered at Trecastelli near the Marche port city. Five people were placed under investigation.
As well as being packed into tight, poorly aired pens, around half the dogs were found to be infected with _Brucella canis_, a very infectious dog bug transmissible to man.
Although it held almost 900 animals, the facility was only authorised for a maximum

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (15): Iraq (SD) HPAI, poultry, H5N8, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Iraq
Information received on [and dated] 20 Jan 2021 from Dr. Thamer Al-Khafaji, Director General, Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Baghdad, Iraq
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 12 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 14 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 15 May 2020
Manifestation of disease: Clinical disease
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype:

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (25): long COVID, mask wearing, Brazil, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Brazil
Abstract
--------
Reports of "Long-COVID", are rising but little is known about prevalence, risk factors, or whether it is possible to predict a protracted course early in the disease. We analysed data from 4182 incident cases of COVID-19 who logged their symptoms prospectively in the COVID Symptom Study app. 558 (13.3%) had symptoms lasting 28 days or longer, 189 (4.5%) for 8 weeks or longer and 95 (2.3%) for 12 weeks or longer. Long-COVID was characterised by symptoms of fatigue, headache,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Kenya: (BO) human, cattle

Anthrax -- Kenya
Fear has hit a village in Sotik after a man died while 6 others were hospitalised after allegedly coming into contact with the carcass of an animal suspected to have died of anthrax. The 60-year-old man from Itoik village died early Tuesday morning [19 Jan 2021] at Kaplong Mission Hospital where he was receiving treatment. He is said to have participated in disposing the carcass of the cow.
It is, however, unclear whether the group feasted on the animal. Health officials said the deceased

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PRO/AH/EDR> Lumpy skin disease - Asia (01): Sri Lanka, cattle, 1st rep, OIE

Lumpy Skin Disease -- Sri Lanka
Information received on [and dated] 19 Jan 2021 from Dr Ranjani Hettiarachchi, Director General, Department of Animal Production and Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Economic Affairs, Livestock Development, Irrigation & Fisheries, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 7 Sep 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 18 Dec 2020
Report date: 19 Jan 2021
Date submitted to OIE: 19 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a

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PRO/AH/EDR> White spot disease - Australia (02): (QL), prawn, crabs

Other Animal Disease -- Australia
The exotic white spot virus that devastated South-East Queensland prawn farms is now killing wild prawns and small crabs in the Logan river and has become widespread in Moreton Bay.
The Federal Government is reviewing its import requirements for prawns, and a leading aquatic disease expert warns that a dangerous double standard favouring importers over Australian fishers and aquaculture farmers is leaving the country wide open to the introduction of more dangerous viruses.
In a survey

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza, human (01): China (GD) H9N2, alert

Avian Influenza -- China
World Health Organization (WHO) reports one new case of human infection with avian influenza A(H9N2) virus in China during the 1st week of 2021.
The case was a 1-year-and 4-month-old male from Yunfu, Guangdong Province, China, who had exposure to domestic poultry prior to the onset of illness. He developed mild symptoms on [28 Dec 2020] and was admitted to a hospital on [29 Dec 2020]. As of [4 Jan 2021], no family cluster was reported. This is the 1st case to be reported from China in

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Tuesday 19 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (14): Iraq (SD) poultry, HPAI H5N8

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Iraq
A bird flu outbreak has been detected in Iraq's Salahudin [Salah ad-Din] province, authorities said, adding that all protective measures have been taken to contain the spread of the virus.
"The laboratory tests proved that poultry in Samarra city, some 120 km north of the Iraqi capital Baghdad, was infected with bird flu," Ammar Khalil, governor of the province, said in a statement on Friday [15 Jan 2021].
Khalil said that about 60 000 chickens were infected with bird flu in the city,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Lassa fever - West Africa (02): Nigeria

Lassa Fever -- Nigeria
Key points:
Current week (01) (w/4-10 Jan 2021) / Cumulative week 1 / Cumulative 2020 week 1
Suspected cases: 109 / 109 / 98
Confirmed cases: 9 / 9 / 18
Probable cases: 0 / 0 / 0
Deaths: 2 / 2 / 2
Case fatality rate (CFR [%]): 22.2 / 22.2 / 11.1
Number of states affected: 4 / 4 / 5
Local government areas (LGAs) affected: 6 / 6 / 11
Highlights
- In week 1, the number of new confirmed cases increased from 8 in week 53, 2020 to 9 cases. These were reported from 4 States (Edo, Ondo,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Sheep pox & goat pox - Russia: (DA) sheep, OIE

Sheep/Goat Pox -- Russia
Information received on [and dated] 16 Jan 2021 from Dr Nikolay Vlasov, deputy head, Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture, Moscow, Russia
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 26 Dec 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 4 Jan 2021
Report date: 16 Jan 2021
Date submitted to OIE: 16 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 16 Dec

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PRO/EDR> Pneumonia - Afghanistan: (BK) children, increase, RFI

Pneumonia -- Afghanistan
Last month [December 2020], more than 20 children died in Balkh province from the pneumonia disease prevalent to the extreme cold weather.
Pneumonia cases are increasing among the children this winter, and 326 children have been hospitalized in December (2020), health officials noted to ATN News. The Children's Department of the Balkh public Health Directorate, Nawroz Seberi, said that "1679 children were hospitalized in Qaws (December 2020) of which 326 patients suffered from pneumonia;

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (24): vaccine, new variant, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- United States
California State Epidemiologist Dr Erica S Pan issued the following statement today [17 Jan 2021] recommending providers pause the administration of lot 41L20A of the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine due to possible allergic reactions that are under investigation.
"Our goal is to provide the COVID vaccine safely, swiftly, and equitably," said Dr Pan. "A higher-than-usual number of possible allergic reactions were reported with a specific lot of Moderna vaccine administered at one community

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Monday 18 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (12): Hungary, Romania, poultry, wild bird, H5N8, H5, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Hungary
Information received on [and dated] 14 Jan 2021 from Dr. Lajos Bognar, Deputy State Secretary Chief Veterinary Officer, Food Chain Safety Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Budapest, Hungary
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 12 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 14 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 8 Jun 2020
Manifestation of disease: Clinical disease
Causal agent: Highly

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (11): India, poultry, HPAI H5N8, H5N1, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N1, Avian Influenza H5N8 -- India
Information received on 18 Jan 2021 from Dr. Atul Chaturvedi, Secretary, Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, New Delhi, India
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 2 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 7 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous recurrence: 30 Sep 2020
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Highly

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PRO/PL> Mosaic viruses, cassava: Laos, Nigeria

Other Plant Disease -- Laos
Cassava (_Manihot esculenta_) cultivation [in Laos] has expanded. Vegetative seed (stakes) is rapidly multiplied and distributed. One of the most important diseases affecting cassava is Cassava Mosaic Disease (CMD) disseminated by infected stakes. _Sri Lankan cassava mosaic virus_ (SLCMV) is the species causing CMD in Southeast Asia (SEA) and is widespread in Cambodia [ProMED-mail post https://bit.ly/3sBXoLh], Viet Nam [ProMED-mail post

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PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Africa (02): Nigeria (BE) 2020-2021

Yellow Fever -- Nigeria
At least 112 people from Ogbadibo and Okpokwu local government areas of Benue state are reported to have died from yellow fever [YF] since the outbreak of the disease in September 2020 to date.
The state's epidemiologist, Dr. Terungwa Ngise, confirming the incidence in an interview, said that emergency interventions had been mobilized to the affected communities, including immunization, treatment of already infected persons, supply of mosquito nets, as well as depopulation of mosquitoes

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (03): Ebanga monoclonal antibody

Ebola -- Worldwide/Unknown
Biotechnology company, Ridgeback Biotherapeutics, announced recently that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved EbangaTM for the treatment of Ebola.
Ebanga is now approved for treatment of infection caused by _Zaire ebolavirus_ in adult and pediatric patients (including neonates born to a mother who is RT-PCR positive for _Zaire ebolavirus_ infection).
Ebanga is the only FDA approved, single injection Ebola treatment which is available in a lyophilized form.
Ebanga

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (23): USA (CA) new variant, South Asia, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- United States
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
----------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 1 266 428 (13 237) / 22 244 (97)
European Region (61): 30 488 064 (181 073) / 666 036 (4359)
South East Asia Region (10): 12 462 338 (31 862) / 191 196 (508)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 5 334 724 (25 023) / 127 790 (402)
Region of the Americas (54): 41 329 493 (406 967) / 954 545

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (11): China (Hong Kong) wild bird, HPAI H5N8, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- China
Information received on [and dated] 14 Jan 2021 from Dr Thomas Sit, Chief Veterinary Officer/Assistant Director (Inspection & Quarantine), Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Hong Kong, (SAR-PRC)
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 6 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 13 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: New strain of a listed disease in the country
Causal agent: highly

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (02): Pakistan (BA)

Measles -- Pakistan
A measles outbreak in Chaman [Killa Abdullah District, Balochistan] has left 3 children of a family dead, ARY News reported on Sunday [17 Jan 2021].
According to the levies sources, the measles outbreak is being reported in several villages of Tooba Achakzai in Chaman.
Acting on the situation, District Health Officer, Rafique Mengal has sent special teams to the infected areas to control the epidemic.
Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the measles virus.

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Sunday 17 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (22): Russia (LN) St. Petersburg, animal, cat

COVID-19 -- Russia
Scientists of St. Petersburg's Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza have conducted a genetic study of the SARS-CoV-2 virus detected in a cat for the 1st time [sic; see comment] in Russia, discovering that the strain is identical to the one circulating in Russia, the institute reported on Thursday [14 Jan 2021].
"Within the framework of the Coronavirus Russian Genetic Initiative (CoRGI), scientists of the Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza of the Russian Healthcare Ministry

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (21): health systems, vaccines, variants, skin, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
----------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 1 253 191 (12 824) / 22 147 (230)
European Region (61): 30 302 258 (219 615) / 661 614 (5833)
South East Asia Region (10): 12 430 476 (30 500) / 190 688 (450)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 5 309 701 (29 130) / 127 388 (397)
Region of the Americas (54): 40 922 526 (372 931) / 947 544

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (02): Kenya, vaccine stockpile

Ebola -- Kenya
Kenya will get access to 500 000 doses of Ebola vaccine that can be used in case of an outbreak. No Ebola case has ever been reported in Kenya, but there is always a risk because of outbreaks in neighbouring countries.
The 0.5 million doses have been secured by Gavi, the vaccine alliance that is also procuring vaccines for Covid-19.
Gavi said the stockpile will be accessible free of charge if there is an outbreak. The country will also receive funding to conduct immunisation in case of

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Saturday 16 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (20): animal, deer, experimental infection

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
The origin of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing the global coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, remains a mystery. Current evidence suggests a likely spillover into humans from an animal reservoir. Understanding the host range and identifying animal species that are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection may help to elucidate the origin of the virus and the mechanisms underlying cross-species transmission to humans. Here we demonstrated that

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (19): variant, Americas PAHO, vaccine, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 1 240 368 (12 746) / 21 917 (161)
European Region (61): 30 080 083 (250 027) / 655 597 (5768)
South East Asia Region (10): 12 399 976 (29 875) / 190 238 (522)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 5 280 571 (27 761) / 126 991 (410)
Region of the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Rift Valley fever - Eastern Africa: Kenya (IS, GA) goat, sheep, OIE

Rift Valley Fever -- Kenya
Information received on [and dated] 15 Jan 2021 from Dr. Obadiah Nyaga Njagi, Director of Veterinary Services, Directorate of Veterinary Services, State Department of Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries, Nairobi, Kenya
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 19 Nov 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 7 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 21 Mar 2019
Manifestation of

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Friday 15 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Mycobacterium pinnipedii - Australia: (SA) sea lion

Tuberculosis -- Australia
- A sea lion on Kangaroo Island [South Australia] was found to have died from tuberculosis
- The disease can be passed on to humans but only with very close contact
- Scientists who wrote a paper on the discovery hope it prompts more research
An animal scientist wants more Australian sea lions tested for tuberculosis after one of the creatures was found to have died from the disease on Kangaroo Island.
The 3-year-old juvenile sea lion was found dead on a beach at Kingscote in 2017, but

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st Miami - USA: FDA, RFI

Salmonella -- United States
A new _Salmonella [enterica_ serotype] Miami outbreak has been announced by the FDA in their CORE Table []. The only information we have is that 48 people are sick. No food or establishment has been identified. We don't know the patient age range, where the patients live, illness onset dates, or if anyone has been hospitalized. A traceback investigation has been launched.
_Salmonella_ outbreaks in the past few years have been linked to dried wood ear mushrooms, backyard poultry, peaches,

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PRO/AH> Skin rash - USA: (MT) prison, scabies susp

Scabies -- United States
Officials at Crossroads Correctional Center in Shelby confirm with NBC Montana that several inmates have experienced various forms of a skin rash that they are currently presuming out of an abundance of caution to be scabies.
They add there has not yet been a definitive clinical diagnosis.
Thus far 9 inmates have been treated for the rash.
Officials add, skin conditions such as these are a common occurrence in correctional facilities of all types and sizes, and our staff are

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PRO/AH/EDR> White nose syndrome, bats - North America: USA (MT)

White nose syndrome -- United States
Samples taken in 6 eastern Montana counties this past summer [2020] have tested positive for the fungus that causes white-nose syndrome (WNS) disease in bats.
The presence of the fungus _Pseudogymnoascus destructans_ (Pd) does not necessarily confirm the presence of the disease, but biologists are closely monitoring the situation, and further sampling and testing will be conducted. Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks (FWP) staff is asking the public to report any dead or dying bats they observe

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PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Africa (01): Eithiopia, Sub-Sahara Africa vaccination

Yellow Fever -- Worldwide/Unknown
A yellow fever vaccination campaign targeting to reach 700 000 people in certain regions of Ethiopia has achieved 93% of its target amid the COVID-19 outbreak's challenges, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced Monday [11 Jan 2021].
The vaccination campaign was conducted last November [2020] in the country's Southern Nations, Nationalities and People's Region (SNNPR) and Oromia region.
It aimed to put an end to the spread of a yellow fever outbreak that was first reported in

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (18): vaccine, SIREN study, snippets, China, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- United Kingdom
Abstract
--------
Background
Efficacious vaccines are urgently needed to contain the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). A candidate vaccine, Ad26.COV2.S, is a recombinant, replication-incompetent adenovirus serotype 26 (Ad26) vector encoding a full-length and stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
Methods
In this multicenter, placebo-controlled, phase 1-2a trial, we randomly assigned healthy

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (10): Cambodia (BA) poultry, HPAI H5N1, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N1 -- Cambodia
Information received on [and dated] 14 Jan 2021 from Mr. Phannara Tan, Director General, General Directorate of Animal Health and Production, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 5 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 11 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 26 Apr 2019
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal

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Thursday 14 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (17): animal, China, origin, WHO experts mission

COVID-19 -- China
A panel of scientists from the World Health Organization (WHO) arrived in Wuhan, capital of central China's Hubei Province, on Thursday [14 Jan 2021] to cooperate with their Chinese peers in researching on the potential origin of the novel coronavirus.
The WHO team underwent throat swabs and serum antibody tests for the coronavirus at the airport. They will go through the required quarantine procedures before conducting field work.
During the quarantine period, the WHO experts and

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PRO/AH/EDR> Bluetongue - Europe: Romania (GJ) cattle, serotype 4, OIE

Bluetongue -- Romania
Information received [and dated] on 14 Jan 2021 from Dr. Robert Viorel Chioveanu, President, Secretary of State, Chief Veterinary Officer, Veterinary Services, National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Authority, Bucharest, Romania
Summary
Report type: Follow-up report No 1
Date of start of the event: 27 Nov 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 6 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: Dec 2014
Manifestation of disease:

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PRO/ALL> New in IJID (01): January 2021

Salmonella -- Nigeria
Perspectives
------------
How useful is serology for COVID-19?
Didier Raoult. IJID 2021;102:170-171

Could SARS-CoV-2-induced lung injury be attenuated by vitamin D?
Dongqiong Xiao, Xihong Li, Xiaojuan Su, Dezhi Mu,Yi Qu. IJID 2021;102:196-202

The art of the possible in approaching efficacy trials for COVID19 convalescent plasma
Daniele Focosi, Albert Farrugia. IJID 2021;102:244-246

COVID-19 in the least developed, fragile, and conflict-affected countries -- How can

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PRO/EDR> Botulism - USA: (NM) wound, injection drug related

Botulism -- United States
The New Mexico Department of Health (NMDOH) is investigating 1 confirmed case - and 1 suspected case - of wound botulism. A 28-year-old male from Eddy County is hospitalized with wound botulism. The suspected source of infection is contaminated black tar heroin, and the nerve toxin that causes botulism was identified from a patient specimen. Another 29-year-old male from Eddy County with a history of injection drug use is hospitalized with suspected wound botulism.
Botulism is a rare but

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (09): France (LP) poultry, LPAI H5N3, OIE

Avian Influenza -- France
Information received on [and dated] 12 Jan 2021 from Dr. Loic Evain, [Deputy Director General, CVO, General Directorate of Food, Ministry of Agriculture, Agrifood, and Forestry], Paris, France
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 7 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 8 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 3 Dec 2019
Manifestation of disease: sub-clinical infection
Causal agent: Low

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Europe (03): Latvia, wild boar, OIE

African Swine Fever -- Latvia
Information received on [and dated] 12 Jan 2021 from Dr. Maris Balodis, Chief Veterinary Officer & Director General, Food and Veterinary Service, Ministry of Agriculture, Riga, Latvia
Summary
Report type: follow-up report No 1
Date of start of the event: 1 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 1 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 30 Dec 2020
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: African swine fever

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (16): vaccines, tracking variants, USA, travel, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- United States
Like Moderna's, Pfizer-BioNTech's COVID vaccine uses messenger RNA, or mRNA, technology. In practice, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says this "teaches our cells how to make a protein -- or even just a piece of a protein-- that triggers an immune response inside our bodies."
The resulting immune response produces antibodies that help to protect people from becoming infected with the virus.
When asked how quickly BioNTech could pivot if it turned out the existing COVID

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Wednesday 13 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Chronic wasting disease - North America (01): USA (WI) deer

Chronic Wasting Disease -- United States
For the 1st time, a wild deer from Shawano County has tested positive for chronic wasting disease.
The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources says the doe was killed in the town of Germania during the recent gun deer season. DNR wildlife biologists say there are plenty of deer in the area, and a wild whitetail testing positive for CWD is not out of the question.
"Given the proximity to wild positives and some captive positives, we're going to continue to see the advancement in the

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PRO/PL> Tomato brown rugose fruit virus - New Zealand: 1st rep

Other Plant Disease -- New Zealand
Early detection of _Tomato brown rugose fruit virus_ (ToBRFV) in a small seed lot has allowed quick action to be taken to contain and prevent any spread of the virus. In early December [2020], industry alerted Biosecurity New Zealand [BSNZ] to the presence of ToBRFV in seeds imported from Israel. Although these were imported with a phytosanitary certificate declaring them to be free of ToBRFV based on testing completed offshore, further testing identified a very low level of infection.
BSNZ

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PRO/AH/EDR> Maedi-visna - Paraguay: (CR) sheep, 1st rep, OIE

Other Animal Disease -- Paraguay
Information received on [and dated] 11 Jan 2021 from Dr Hugo Federico Idoyaga Benitez, [National Quality and Animal Health Service (SENACSA), Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Production], San Lorenzo, Paraguay
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 9 Dec 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 29 Dec 2020
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease in the country
Causal agent: Maedi-visna virus
Nature of diagnosis: laboratory

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (01): vaccine stockpile

Ebola -- Worldwide/Unknown
The World Health Organization, UNICEF, and 2 leading international health and humanitarian civil society organizations announced on Tuesday [12 Jan 2021] the establishment of a global Ebola vaccine stockpile to ensure rapid response to future outbreaks.
Establishment of the stockpile was led by the International Coordinating Group (ICG) on Vaccine Provision, which also includes the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), and Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF).

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis - Venezuela: (AN)

Salmonella -- Venezuela
About 500 people have fallen ill in a _Salmonella_ outbreak in a Venezuelan state. The Anzoatiguense Institute of Health (Saludanz) reported 480 people had tested positive for _Salmonella_, mostly from the El Carmen and San Cristobal area of the Simon Bolivar municipality. In mid-December 2020, the agency revealed 240 children and adults had been affected and seen at different health centers after a significant increase in salmonellosis in November 2020.
Investigations so far have pointed

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (15): variants wastewater, Canada, decr. infective time, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Switzerland
Abstract
--------
The SARS-CoV-2 lineages B.1.1.7 and 501.V2, which were first detected in the United Kingdom and South Africa, respectively, are spreading rapidly in the human population. Thus, there is an increased need for genomic and epidemiological surveillance in order to detect the strains and estimate their abundances. Here, we report a genomic analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in 48 raw wastewater samples collected from 3 wastewater treatment plants in Switzerland between [9 Jul 2020] and [21

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PRO/AH/EDR> Aflatoxin - North America (02): USA, Canada, pet food, recall extended

Poisoning -- United States
When a company announces a recall, market withdrawal, or safety alert, the FDA posts the company's announcement as a public service. FDA does not endorse either the product or the company.
Summary:
Company Announcement Date: 11 Jan 2021
FDA Publish Date: 11 Jan 2021
Product Type: Animal & veterinary food & beverages, pet food
Reason for Announcement: Aflatoxin levels exceed acceptable levels
Company Name: Midwestern Pet Foods Inc.
Brand Name: Sportmix, Nunn Better, ProPac, and

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Tuesday 12 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (08): Hungary, Germany, poultry, wild/captive bird, H5N8, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Hungary
Information received on [and dated] 11 Jan 2021 from Dr. Lajos Bognar, Deputy State Secretary Chief Veterinary Officer, Food Chain Safety Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Budapest, Hungary
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 4 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 6 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 8 Jun 2020
Manifestation of disease: Clinical disease
Causal agent: Highly

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (14): immune response, serology, dengue coinfection, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Germany
Abstract
--------
We investigated immune responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among a group of convalescent, potential blood donors in Germany who had PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. 60 days after onset of symptoms, 13/78 (17%) study participants had borderline or negative results to an ELISA detecting IgG against the S1 protein of SARS-CoV-2. We analyzed participants with PCR-confirmed infection who had strong antibody responses (ratio greater

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (13): animal, USA, zoo, gorilla

COVID-19 -- United States
Members of the Gorilla Troop at the San Diego Zoo Safari Park have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. On Wednesday [6 Jan 2021], 2 of the gorillas began coughing. Given current circumstances, San Diego Zoo Global initiated the process of testing fecal samples from the gorillas for SARS-CoV-2 through the California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System (CA HFS). On [8 Jan 2020], the preliminary tests detected the presence of the virus in the gorilla troop.

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (01): Pakistan (SD)

Measles -- Pakistan
A measles outbreak in the city of Jacobabad in Sindh province, Pakistan has left 2 children dead and many others hospitalized, according to a report in the news source, The News.
As many as 20 children of village Lakhmir suffered serious complications of measles and were admitted to taluka Hospital Gharhi Hassan, Jacobabad.
Two children, ages 1 and 7 died from complications due to measles.
Vaccination with a measles-containing vaccine is the best way to make sure that you are

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Monday 11 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (12): viral load, variants, Thailand, China, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Thailand
Abstract
--------
While several clinical and immunological parameters correlate with disease severity and mortality in SARS-CoV-2 infection, work remains in identifying unifying correlates of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that can be used to guide clinical practice. Here, we examine saliva and nasopharyngeal (NP) viral load over time and correlate them with patient demographics, and cellular and immune profiling. We found that saliva viral load was significantly higher in those with

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (07): India (KL), poultry, HPAI H5N8, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- India
Information received on [and dated] 9 Jan 2021 from Dr. Atul Chaturvedi, Secretary, Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairying, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying, New Delhi, India
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 21 Dec 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 4 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous recurrence: 30 Sep 2020
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent:

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, avian - North America: (Pacific Northwest) songbird

Salmonella -- United States
The Wildlife Rescue Association of British Columbia [Canada] is reporting a salmonella outbreak in pine siskins.
They say increased reports of sick and dying birds have been noted across the Pacific Northwest, from Oregon to British Columbia.
Any bird can be impacted by _Salmonella, however, pine siskins seem to be most vulnerable. This is potentially due to their social nature, flocking, and feeding in close association with each other making it easy for the disease to be passed from

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Sunday 10 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Prion disease update: 2019, France, lab worker

CJD -- France
A young lab technician in France developed a rare and fatal brain disease after she was accidentally exposed to prions, the infectious proteins causing "mad cow disease," according to a new report of the case.
The accident happened in May 2010, when the technician was 24 years old and working in a prion research lab, according to the report, published Wed 1 Jul 2020 in The New England Journal of Medicine. She worked with samples of brain tissue from mice having been infected with a form of

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PRO/AH> Foot & mouth disease - Kyrgyzstan: (CU) cattle, susp.

Foot and Mouth -- Kyrgyzstan


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PRO/EDR> COVID-19 update (11): variants, China, neutralizing ab. regional, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- China
Mutations arise as a natural by-product of viral replication.1 RNA viruses typically have higher mutation rates than DNA viruses. Coronaviruses, however, make fewer mutations than most RNA viruses because they encode an enzyme that corrects some of the errors made during replication. In most cases, the fate of a newly arising mutation is determined by natural selection. Those that confer a competitive advantage with respect to viral replication, transmission, or escape from immunity will

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PRO/EDR> Influenza (02): WHO global update, antiviral

Influenza -- Worldwide/Unknown
Information in this report is categorized by influenza transmission zones, which are geographical groups of countries, areas or territories with similar influenza transmission patterns.
Summary
-------
The current influenza surveillance data should be interpreted with caution as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has influenced to varying extents health seeking behaviours, staffing/routines in sentinel sites, as well as testing priorities and capacities in Member States. The various hygiene

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PRO/AH/EDR> Influenza: Brazil, swine origin H1N2v, WHO

Influenza -- Brazil
On 15 Dec 2020, the Brazil Ministry of Health reported the 2nd confirmed human infection with influenza A(H1N2) variant virus [A(H1N2)v] in Brazil in 2020. The case was a 4-year-old female who lives on a farm that also functions as a swine slaughtering area in Irati municipality, Parana state.
On 16 Nov 2020, [a male patient] had illness onset with a fever, cough, coryza, headache, and dyspnea and was provided ambulatory care on the same day at Darcy Vargas Hospital. He was treated with

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (06): Lithuania, Slovakia, poultry, wild/captive bird, H5N8, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Lithuania
Information received on [and dated] 8 Jan 2021 from Dr Darius Remeika, Director of the State Food and Veterinary, State Food and Veterinary Service, Ministry of Agriculture, Vilnius, Lithuania
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 31 Dec 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 8 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 7 Apr 2017
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: highly

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Saturday 9 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Europe (02): Germany (BB) wild boar, long leap unconfirmed

African Swine Fever -- Germany
African swine fever: all clear for suspected case in Potsdam (press release, 9 Jan 2021)
The suspicion of African swine fever (ASF) in a wild boar carcass found in Potsdam's Gross Glienicke was not confirmed by the National Reference Laboratory. The Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, FLI) was able to rule out ASF through extensive, additional examinations of the sent wild boar carcass.
State Secretary for Consumers Anna Heyer-Stuffer, head of the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed hemorrhagic fever - Congo DR: (EQ)

Hemorrhagic Fever -- DR Congo
Showing early symptoms of hemorrhagic fever, the patient sits quietly on her bed, wrangling 2 toddlers desperate to flee the cell-like hospital room in Ingende, a remote town in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). They are waiting for the results of a test for Ebola.
The patient can only communicate with her relatives through a clear plastic observation window. Her identity is secret, to protect her from being ostracized by locals fearful of Ebola infection. Her children have also

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PRO/EDR> Candida auris - USA: (FL) nosocomial spread, COVID-19 unit, infect control lapse

Hospital-Related Infection -- United States
Citation: Prestel C, Anderson E, Forsberg K, et al. _Candida auris_ outbreak in a COVID-19 specialty care unit -- Florida, July-August 2020. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. Epub 8 Jan 2021.
In July 2020, the Florida Department of Health was alerted to 3 _C. auris_ bloodstream infections and one urinary tract infection in 4 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who received care in the same dedicated COVID-19 unit of an acute care hospital (hospital A).
_C. auris_ is a

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (01): Americas, Brazil (SP, MG, PI) horse

West Nile Virus -- Brazil
We report genetic evidence of West Nile virus (WNV) circulation from southern and northeastern Brazilian states isolated from equine red blood cells. In the northeastern state, the 10th human case was also detected, presenting neuroinvasive disease compatible with WNV infection. Our analyses demonstrate much is still unknown on the virus' local epidemiology. We advocate for a shift to active surveillance, to ensure adequate control for future epidemics with spillover potential to

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PRO/AH/EDR> Streptococcus suis - Thailand: raw pork or pork blood

Strep -- Thailand
The Thailand Bureau of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health reported 340 _Streptococcus suis_ cases through 22 Dec 2020. In addition, 12 fatalities were reported. This is down from the 377 cases and 29 deaths recorded in 2019.
The provinces with the highest incidence include Uttaradit, Phichit, Phayao, Kamphaeng Phet and Lampang.
_S. suis_ infection tends to occur sporadically especially in the high-risk regions due to a risky behavior of eating local

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (10): IgA, IL-6 receptor agonists, China, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
WHO region (no. countries/territories):
Total confirmed cases (new cases in last 24 hours) / Total deaths (new deaths in last 24 hours)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Western Pacific Region (19): 1 158 612 (12 177) / 20 869 (119)
European Region (61): 28 275 208 (264 504) / 616 084 (5455)
South East Asia Region (10): 12 194 847 (30 243) / 186 845 (508)
Eastern Mediterranean Region (22): 5 097 306 (27 297) / 124 097 (372)
Region of the

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Friday 8 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Europe (01): Germany (BB) wild boar, susp, spread

African Swine Fever -- Germany
African swine fever: suspected case in the state capital Potsdam (press release, 8 Jan 2021)
A cadaver of a wild boar, found in Gross Glienicke, has been found as suspected for African swine fever (ASF) by the Berlin-Brandenburg State Laboratory yesterday [Thu 7 Jan 2021] evening. The animal carcass is currently being transported to the National Reference Laboratory at the Friedrich Loeffler Institute (Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, "FLI") in Riems (Mecklenburg-Western

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PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Americas (01): Argentina (RN)

Hantavirus -- Argentina
A case of [a] hantavirus [infection] was confirmed in Bariloche. The individual is a 22-year-old young man who is hospitalized in an intensive care unit and remains in stable condition.
While concern about the increasing coronavirus infections is growing, in the traditional city of Bariloche, a registered a case of [a] hantavirus [infection] set off alarms for the for local authorities.
The classical tourist district in Patagonia is the most affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. In Rio

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (05): Senegal (TH) poultry, HPAI H5N1, 1st rep, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N1 -- Senegal
Information received on 7 Jan 2021 from Dr. Mbargou Lo, Director of Veterinary Services, Directorate of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Livestock and Animal Productions, Dakar, Senegal
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 23 Dec 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 30 Dec 2020
Report date: 6 Jan 2021
Date submitted to OIE: 7 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease in the country
Causal agent: Highly pathogenic avian

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PRO/EDR> Gastroenteritis - China: (Hong Kong) police academy, RFI

Norovirus -- China
An outbreak at a police training institute in Wong Chuk Hang has been confirmed as acute gastroenteritis, the Department of Health's Center for Health Protection said today [7 Jan 2021]. The center said a total of 17 male and 11 female trainees were affected, aged between 20 and 36. They were said to have developed abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea since 5 Jan 2021. All of them sought medical attention and none required hospitalization. All affected persons have been in stable

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PRO/EDR> Legionellosis - USA (02): (OR) fatal, apartment complex

Legionnaires' -- United States
Following an outbreak of legionnaires' disease at a North Portland [Oregon] apartment building, more people are suspected to have the illness based on their symptoms.
Initially, health officials reported that 4 people had to be hospitalized, and one of those people ultimately succumbed to the illness and died. At least one more person has been diagnosed with legionnaire's disease, bringing the confirmed total to 5 people.
On Tuesday [5 Jan 2021], those who live at the Rosemont Court

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PRO/AH/EDR> BSE, cattle - Spain: (LO) atypical H-type, OIE

BSE -- Spain
Information received on 7 Jan 2021 from Dr Valentin Almansa, director general, [Health of Agricultural Production, Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food], Madrid, Spain
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification (final report)
Date of start of the event: 21 Dec 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 23 Dec 2020
Report date: 7 Jan 2021
Date submitted to OIE: 7 Jan 2021
Date event resolved: 23 Dec 2020
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (02): Africa, WHO

Cholera -- Togo
From 11 Nov [2020] to 28 Dec [2020], a total of 67 suspected cholera cases presenting with diarrhea and vomiting, including 2 deaths (CFR 3%), were reported from the municipalities "Golfe 1" and "Golfe 6" in Lome, Togo. A total of 4 health areas (Katanga, Adakpame, Gbetsogbe in Golfe 1, and Kangnikope in Golfe 6) in the affected municipalities reported at least one case.
On 17 Nov [2020], cholera was confirmed by culture in the laboratory of the National Institute of Hygiene (INH) in Lome,

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (09): immunity, convalescent plasma, asympt transm, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
Abstract
--------
Understanding immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for improving diagnostics and vaccines, and for assessing the likely future course of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed multiple compartments of circulating immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 in 254 samples from 188 COVID-19 cases, including 43 samples at greater than or equal to 6 months post-infection. IgG to the Spike protein was relatively stable over 6+ months. Spike-specific memory B cells were more abundant at 6 months

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Thursday 7 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (08): vaccine, FDA, mutation mapping, in flight transm, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- United States
Health officials reported Wednesday [6 Jan 2021] that 29 people in the United States have developed anaphylaxis after being vaccinated against COVID-19 since the vaccine rollout began, with cases occurring after vaccination using both the Pfizer-BioNTech and the Moderna vaccines.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said at present it looks like anaphylaxis cases are occurring at a rate of about 5.5 per 1 million vaccine doses given, though the agency cautioned that figure may

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis - Jamaica: vacation resort, 2020

Salmonella -- Jamaica
An apparent _Salmonella_ outbreak at a resort in Jamaica has ruined vacations for potentially dozens of holiday travelers -- and now some sickened guests are considering legal action, The Post has learned.
"It was a nightmare," a traveler from Lincoln, Nebraska, told The Post of her experience at the Grand Palladium Resort and Spa, which was echoed by other people online. "I don't know how many people go on an all-inclusive vacation and lose weight." She and her husband, secured their room

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PRO/AH> Foot & mouth disease - Israel: (HZ) cattle, goat, st O, OIE

Foot and Mouth -- Israel
Information received on [and dated] 5 Jan 2021 from Dr Tamir Goshen, Acting Director, Veterinary Services and Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Beit Dagan, Israel
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 1 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 4 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 9 Sep 2019
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Foot and mouth

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Wednesday 6 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (07): China, animal, origin, WHO experts mission

COVID-19 -- China
China said Wednesday [6 Jan 2021] it was still negotiating with the World Health Organization [WHO] the dates and itinerary for a visit by international experts looking into origins of COVID-19, after the head of the agency criticized Beijing for not finalizing permissions for the mission.
China's position on the hunt for the origins of the pandemic "has always been open and responsible," Foreign Ministry spokesperson Hua Chunying told a daily news briefing in Beijing. She said that China

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PRO/PL> Common rust, maize - Kenya: (BA)

Other Plant Disease -- Kenya
Maize seed production at the Perkerra Irrigation Scheme in Baringo dropped 31.8% last year [2020] following the outbreak of maize rust disease. The fungi (_Puccinia sorghi_) attacked maize leaves at the flowering stage. About 300 acres out of the 450 acres contracted by both Kenya Seed Company and Monsanto were affected.
This is set to affect local farmers who depend on the scheme since the area is semi-arid with sporadic rainfall annually. The scheme is managed by the National Irrigation

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PRO/EDR> Legionellosis - USA: (OR) fatal, apartment complex

Legionnaires' -- United States
An outbreak of Legionnaires' disease at a North Portland apartment complex has killed one person and sickened 3 others, county health officials said.
Multnomah County health officials said Tuesday [5 Jan 2021] they told more than 100 residents of Rosemont Court on Dekum Street to leave after residents contracted pneumonia, The Oregonian/OregonLive reported.
The health department said experts linked the outbreak Monday [4 Jan 2021] to the apartment's water system. County officials are

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (06): breath antibodies, antibody duration, variant, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Israel
Israel based Scentech-Medical announced it had received approval from the Shamir Medical Center Review Board for a new clinical trial to demonstrate its ability to monitor the antibody levels and type of antibodies developed by the population of subjects getting vaccinated for the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Scentech, which is merging with NextGen Biomed Ltd, reports that using the test developed for the analysis and quantification of volatile compounds in breath can detect coronavirus patients,

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Tuesday 5 January 2021

PRO/PL> Panama disease TR1, Cavendish banana - India

Other Plant Disease -- India
Grand Nain banana, a variety under Cavendish cultivar, is being affected with a mutated strain of TR1 fungus _Fusarium oxysporum_. "Grand Nain is known to be resistant to TR1 and TR2 and susceptible to TR4. But these bananas are also prone to a newly found mutated strain of TR1," said Dr R Thangavelu, National Research Centre for Banana (NRCB).
In 2009, Thangavelu 1st showed the TR1 can also affect the Cavendish cultivar [ProMED-mail post https://bit.ly/3hNuenf & link

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (04): Sweden (SN), poultry, HPAI H5N8, OIE

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Sweden
Information received on [and dated] 4 Jan 2021 from Dr. Hakan Henrikson, chief veterinary officer, Swedish Board of Agriculture, Ministry of Enterprise and Innovation, Jonkoping, Sweden
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 2 Jan 2021
Date of confirmation of the event: 3 Jan 2021
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 19 Nov 2020
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: highly pathogenic

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PRO/AH/EDR> COVID-19 update (05): vaccine intervals, vaccine route, snippets, WHO, global

COVID-19 -- Worldwide/Unknown
Background
On [18 Dec 2020], the US Food and Drug Administration issued an emergency use authorization (EUA) for the Moderna COVID-19 vaccine, adding to the earlier EUA for the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. Although trial evidence for both vaccines indicates partial protection against COVID-19 illness after 1 dose (1,2), the vaccines are authorized only as 2-dose series and have not yet been evaluated for single-dose use. In the United States, distribution plans for initial supply of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Die-off, avian - India: (HP) migratory waterbird, avian influenza susp.

Avian Influenza -- India
With the toll of migratory waterbirds rising to over 1800, and almost half of them being endangered bar-headed goose visiting the Pong wetlands, the Himachal Pradesh wildlife authorities on Monday [4 Jan 2021] suspected avian influenza as the cause.
Chief Conservator Wildlife of Pong wetlands -- one of the largest in northern India, Upasna Patyal, said the reason for the deaths is still a mystery. Their carcasses have been sent to different laboratories to determine the cause of

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PRO/AH/EDR> St. Louis encephalitis virus - USA: (CA) human, mosquito, 2020

St. Louis Encephalitis -- United States
St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) in California counties 2020 YTD [map]
Human cases 5
Mosquito samples positive 510
Sentinel chickens 0
4 counties with human cases
5 counties with positive mosquitoes but no human cases
--
Communicated by:
ProMED

[On 22 Oct 2020 there were 2 human St Louis encephalitis (SLE) cases in California and by 11 Dec 2020 there were 5 cases. Mosquito monitoring found 510 positive samples. The previous case was fatal but this one is recovering at home.

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Monday 4 January 2021

PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (03): Slovenia (JP), swan, HPAI H5N5, OIE

Avian Influenza -- Slovenia
Information received on [and dated] 4 Jan 2021 from Dr. Breda Hrovatin, Head, Animal Health and Animal Welfare Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 24 Dec 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 29 Dec 2020
Reason for notification: New strain of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Serotype:

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (02): Taiwan (Aogu Wetlands Forest Park) wild duck, HPAI H5, OIE

Avian Influenza -- China
Information received on [and dated] 31 Dec 2020 from Dr Wen-Jane Tu, chief veterinary officer, deputy director general, Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taipei, Chinese Taipei [Taiwan]
Summary
Report type: immediate notification (final report)
Date of start of the event: 15 Dec 2020
Date of confirmation of the event: 29 Dec 2020
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence:

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