Tuesday 31 October 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> Scrub typhus - India (04): (WB)

Scrub Typhus -- India
Even as West Bengal is combatting an outbreak of dengue, the state also has another bacterial disease on its plate to battle: scrub typhus. Over 30 people in Bankura have been affected by scrub typhus in the past month.
A type of mite-borne infectious disease, it has symptoms which are similar to chikungunya and dengue -- fever, headache and muscle pain -- which make it all the harder for doctors to diagnose.
This mite-borne disease is transmitted to humans from the bite of an infected

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PRO/EDR> Gonococcal dis. chlamydia, syphilis - Canada (02): increased cases, background

Syphilis -- Canada
For several decades, rates of gonorrhea, syphilis and genital chlamydia infection in Canada and the United States have followed similar trends [1,2]. As with many other countries, the incidence of gonorrhea in the region fell precipitously following the appearance of AIDS during the 1980s but has been rebounding since 2000.
The following chart was generated by a tool in Gideon () that converts yearly incidence data into rates per 100 000 and combines graphs selected by the user [3] (see

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PRO/AH/EDR> E. coli EHEC - USA (30): (CA) military outbreak, RFI

E. coli -- United States
More than 300 Marines at Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego are being treated for possible _E. coli_ infection, MCRD officials confirm. MCRD San Diego said that as of [Tue 31 Oct 2017], 302 recruits are being treated for diarrheal illness and some Marines have been infected with the Shiga toxin producing _E. coli_ bacteria. Limited cases were reported over the last 6 days with a spike in reports happening [Tue 31 Oct 2017], MCRD San Diego said. A total of 10 recruits have been admitted at

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PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - China (04): (GD) st O, porcine

Foot and Mouth -- China
China's Ministry of Agriculture reported on [Mon 30 Oct 2017] a case of foot and mouth disease [FMD] in a pig breeding farm in southern Guangdong province.
The O-type strain of the disease was found in 30 pigs on a farm in Huizhou city last week, the ministry said, leading to the cull of 71 pigs to bring the disease under control.
Another case of the disease was found in Guangdong earlier this year [2017].
China is the world's top producer and consumer of pork.
[Byline: Dominique

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (50): (CA, CO)

Hepatitis A -- United States
On [1 Sep 2017], the San Diego County public health officer declared a local public health emergency due to the ongoing hepatitis A outbreak in the county. The outbreak is being spread person-to-person and through contact with fecally contaminated environments. The majority of people who have contracted hepatitis A during this outbreak have been homeless and/or illicit drug users.
Efforts of the County and its community partners to halt the hepatitis A outbreak focus on 3 key areas:

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (125): Africa

Cholera -- DR Congo
Cholera is widespread in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. MSF has already treated more than 18 000 patients in 2017, with 38 000 registered nationwide. It is expected that it will take many weeks to contain the epidemic. While in some parts of the country the number of patients is declining or consistent, this time cholera also occurs in cities where no cases of illness have ever been registered. The ongoing spread of cholera in 21 out of 26 provinces is unprecedented in the history of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Campylobacteriosis - USA (04): canine, human, CDC advisory

Campylobacter -- United States
CDC, several states, and the US. Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS) are investigating a multistate outbreak of multidrug-resistant _Campylobacter_ infections.
_Campylobacter_ bacteria isolated from clinical samples from people sickened in this outbreak were found to be resistant to commonly recommended, first-line antibiotics. This antibiotic resistance means it may be difficult to treat infections with the outbreak strain with the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Madagascar (26): fatal, revised numbers, transportation

Plague -- Madagascar
WHO continues to support the Ministry of Public Health and other national authorities in Madagascar to monitor and respond to the outbreak of plague. The number of new cases of pulmonary plague has continued to decline in all active areas across the country. In the past 2 weeks, 12 previously affected districts reported no new confirmed or probable cases of pulmonary plague. From 1 Aug 2017 to 24 Oct 2017, a total of 1309 suspected cases of plague, including 93 deaths (7 percent), were

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PRO/AH/EDR> Brucellosis - Paraguay (03): (AS) veterinary school, RFI

Brucellosis -- Paraguay
The Directorate of Health Surveillance on Mon 30 Oct 2017, confirmed 2 new cases of brucellosis and with those there are 4 officially diagnosed cases [3 students and a teacher - Mod.LL]. In addition, there are 44 people suspected of being infected with the bacterium.
The director of Health Surveillance of the Ministry of Public Health, Águeda Cabello, reported that students from the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences of the National University of Asunción (UNA) were infected with _Brucella_

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PRO/EDR> Gonococcal dis, chlamydia, syphilis - Canada: (ON) increase, MSM, RFI

Syphilis, Gonorrhea, Chlamydia -- Canada
Cases of sexually transmitted infections [STIs] continue to rise in Ottawa despite the best efforts of public information campaigns.
Gonorrhea infections in Ottawa have soared 65 per cent this year [2017], another spike in the frustratingly upward climb in the city's rate of sexually transmitted infections, according to Ottawa Public Health [OPH].
Gonorrhea infections last jumped in Ottawa in 2013 and health officials assumed they were dealing with a new normal for STIs, said Leslie

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French authorities urge vigilance after mushrooms poisonings

One person has died and two others have needed liver transplants in France after eating wild mushrooms.

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Monday 30 October 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> MERS-CoV (67): Saudi Arabia, South Korea, post disease sequelae

MERS -- Saudi Arabia
As of Mon 30 Oct 2017, there have been a total of:
1730 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection, including
699 deaths [reported case fatality rate 40.4 percent],
1014 recoveries, and
14 currently active cases/infections.
[As previously mentioned, the numbers of deaths, recoveries, and currently active cases come from my spreadsheet tallies and differ from those listed on the Saudi MOH website; my spreadsheet counts asymptomatic infections as they are reported. One complication

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PRO/AH/EDR> Trichinellosis - Russia (02): (TO) bear meat exposure, confirmed

Trichinosis -- Russia
and

According to the data from [Fri 27 Oct 2017], 56 people consumed the meat of the bear cub, including 4 children. A total of 20 of the people consumed were hospitalized with the diagnosis of Trichinellosis. On [Thu 26 Oct 2017] morning, 18 people were still hospitalized including: 14 - in the Verkhneketskaya central district hospital, including one child, 4 - in more central clinic. As many as 4, have already been discharged from the hospital.
"For the past 24 hours, 2 more people

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PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Americas (61): Brazil (SP)

Yellow Fever -- Brazil
Between epidemiological week (EW) one of 2016 and EW 43 of 2017, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, the Plurinational State of Bolivia, and Suriname have reported suspected and confirmed yellow fever cases.
Since the last yellow fever epidemiological update published by the Pan American Health Organization / World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) on [Wed 2 Aug 2017], Brazil, French Guiana, and Peru reported new yellow fever cases.
In Brazil, since July 2017, São Paulo state

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PRO/AH/EDR> Leptospirosis - USA (09): (RN) sea lion

Leptospirosis -- United States
A bacteria outbreak is making sea lions sick along the Oregon Coast, so state officials are warning people and their dogs to stay away from the animals.
The outbreak began in September [2017] and likely will last into December [2017], said Jim Rice, a researcher at Oregon State University. He studies and helps sick or stuck animals along the entire Oregon Coast as stranding coordinator with the Oregon Marine Mammal Stranding Network. Calls about distressed or dead sea lions have been coming

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PRO/AH/EDR> Leishmaniasis, visceral - South Sudan: nation wide

Leishmaniasis -- South Sudan
At least 720 people have died in South Sudan from a protracted outbreak of visceral leishmaniasis [kala-azar], a parasitic disease, and the number of deaths could be much higher, the United Nations World Health Organization (WHO) reported today [Sat 28 Oct 2017].
WHO spokesperson Tarik Jasarevic told reporters in Geneva that more than 18 000 cases of the disease have been recorded in South Sudan since the outbreak emerged in September 2009, with children mostly affected.
The outbreak has

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (124): Asia (Yemen)

Cholera -- Yemen
Cumulative figures [27 Apr 2017] to [29 Oct 2017]
884 368: Suspected cases
2184: Associated deaths
0.25 percent: Case Fatality Rate
96 percent: Governorates affected (22/23 governorates)
92 percent: Districts affected (305/333 districts)
[An epidemic curve can be seen at the above URL as well as a breakdown of cases per governorate. The epidemic curve suggests a slow down per week but based on the table below, it is not clear that this is the case. With only 115 632 suspected cases to

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Namibia (12): (Bwabwata Natl Park) Botswana livestock quarantine

Anthrax -- Namibia
Botswana has imposed a ban on the movement of all cloven-hooved animals following an outbreak of anthrax in Mohembo area in the northern part of the country. Veterinary Services director Letlhogile Modisa said on [30 Oct 2017] that movement of all cloven-hooved animals into the affected district is not permitted.
He explained that movement of all anthrax-susceptible animals (cattle, sheep, goats, and horses, and wildlife) is not allowed into, within and out of the area. According to Modisa,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Equine herpesvirus - North America (18): USA (KY) equine

Equine Herpes Virus -- United States
A Thoroughbred mare residing at an Oldham county, Kentucky, training facility has tested positive for equine herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1), the Equine Disease Communication Center (EDCC) reported 23 Oct 2017.
"The horse presented with acute neurologic signs and was euthanized following an examination on 13 Oct 2017, by the attending veterinarian," the EDCC said. "The University of Kentucky Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory confirmed the diagnosis of EVH-1 by PCR subsequent to necropsy."
Horses

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (49): (MI) fatal

Hepatitis A -- United States
Public health officials and the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) are continuing to see an elevated number of hepatitis A cases in the City of Detroit, and counties of Lapeer, Livingston, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, St. Clair, Sanilac, Washtenaw, and Wayne.
Since the beginning of the outbreak in August 2016, public health response has included increased healthcare awareness efforts, public notification and education, and outreach with vaccination clinics for high-risk

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PRO/AH/EDR> E. coli EHEC - UK (05): (England) O55, RFI

E. coli -- United Kingdom
Preliminary investigations into _E. coli_ in Surrey have revealed one case of the strain has been confirmed in the county while other _E. coli_ cases in children in the area have been identified as being potentially linked. Public Health England (PHE) said it is working closely with environmental health officers and public health teams from Surrey County Council to investigate the case.
A young woman from Guildford has been left in a critical condition in hospital after she contracted a

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus - Americas (18): USA (CA)

West Nile Virus -- United States
Amid a heat wave that could make West Nile virus more likely to spread, the number of people infected with the disease in Los Angeles [LA] county [California] continued to climb this week.
At least 230 people in LA county have fallen sick with West Nile this year [2017], and 17 of them have died, health officials said [Fri 27 Oct 2017]. The number of people infected is already the 3rd-highest ever in the county, according to health officials -- and the season has yet to end.
"We

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PRO/EDR> Meningitis, meningococcal - USA (02): (OR) college

Meningitis - Neisseria -- United States
An Oregon State University [OSU] student has been diagnosed with meningococcal disease, raising the possibility of a fresh outbreak on the Corvallis campus.
Benton County health officials announced on [Fri 27 Oct 2017] that an OSU undergrad is being treated for the potentially deadly illness, which can be spread through close contact with an infected person. Test results showing which strain of the disease is involved are expected to be available next week.
Bill Emminger, director of the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Monkeypox - Africa (14): Nigeria

Monkeypox -- Nigeria
The Minister of State for Health, Dr Osagie Ehanire, has announced laboratory confirmation of 6 additional cases among the suspected cases of monkeypox.
These include 2 cases each in Bayelsa and Akwa Ibom states, one in Enugu state and one in the Federal Capital Territory, making it a total of 9 confirmed cases of monkeypox in Nigeria.
Dr Ehanire who announced this today [27 Oct 2017] in his office said investigations are ongoing to see if any of the new cases have a link with the

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PRO/AH/EDR> E. coli EHEC - USA (29): (MI) farm animal exposures, RFI

E. coli -- United States
Kids love petting pigs, goats, and other livestock at fairs and pumpkin patches, but an increase in potentially fatal bacterial infections has officials warning against this activity. According to District Health Department no. 10, cases of human sickness caused by a specific strain of the bacterium, _E. coli_, increased in the summer of 2017 in Mecosta and Newaygo counties.
Dr Jennifer Morse, medical director for 3 local health departments, said "these increases are concerning because the

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PRO/PL> Fusarium wilt, lettuce - UK: 1st rep

Other Plant Disease -- United Kingdom
An outbreak of lettuce wilt and root rot caused by _F. oxysporum_ f. sp. _lactucae_ was reported in the UK for the 1st time in early October [2017] at an unconfirmed location. The pathogen was identified as Race 4 which is a particularly aggressive strain of the fungus with no known treatment or varietal resistance available to date. UK propagators and growers are advised to review their protocols, particularly crop hygiene. Prompt diagnosis is recommended, services are available at several UK

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PRO/AH/EDR> Equine infectious anemia - USA (07): (MT,KS)

Equine Infectious Anemia -- United States
Multiple horses on a Gallatin county property have been diagnosed with equine infectious anemia, or EIA, the state's Department of Livestock announced [Thu 26 Oct 2017].
The infected animals were discovered when they tested positive on a screening required for horses moving across state lines, the agency stated.
The preliminary results were confirmed by the US Department of Agriculture-APHIS National Veterinary Service Laboratories in Ames, Iowa.
Follow-up tests on other horses at the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Equine infectious anemia - Canada (05): (AB)

Equine Infectious Anemia -- Canada
On [19 Oct 2017], a positive equine infectious anemia (EIA) result was confirmed by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency's (CFIA) national reference laboratory for a horse located on premises in Lacombe County, Alberta. This animal had been sampled by the CFIA to comply with export conditions and no clinical signs of the disease were reported. A CFIA investigation is currently underway and as per program policy. A quarantine has been placed on the infected animal and its on-premises contacts.

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Sunday 29 October 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> Influenza H3N2, canine - USA: (OH)

Influenza H3N2 -- United States
Flu season in the greater Toledo area is starting out with the canine variety. A local outbreak of canine influenza has sickened dozens of area dogs recently, with at least 5 confirmed cases. While the highly contagious virus has been identified previously in other Ohio metropolitan areas and across the country over the last few years, it's now hitting Toledo for the 1st known time.
"We've been seeing at least 5 [cases] a day; it has spread very quickly," said Geanna Beck, hospital director

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PRO/PL> Late blight, potato - UK: strain Dark Green 37

Other Plant Disease -- United Kingdom
The emergence of a new strain of late potato blight with signs of resistance to the popular fungicide fluazinam is causing concern among agronomists who suggest switching to other products. Fluazinam has been one of the most effective actives against the disease, but frequent use may have increased the selection pressure on the fungicide.
After 5 cases of the 37_A2 (Dark Green 37) strain were confirmed in the UK last year [2016], largely in the English Midlands, it has spread to Kent,

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PRO> MERS-CoV (66): Burkina Faso, animal reservoir, camels, FAO, RFI

MERS -- Burkina Faso
[The monthly update includes earlier, accumulated information addressing MERS CoV in humans and animals. Information added or changed since the previous update (27 Sep 2017) appears in red. The following excerpts are the new/added (red) text of items addressing MERS-CoV in animals. - Mod.AS]
1. Countries with published animal findings (serology and/or virology):
Burkina Faso (newly added) [see comment].
2. Recent publications:
1) Lau SKP, Wong ACP, Lau TCK, Woo PCY. Molecular

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PRO/EDR> Necrotizing fasciitis - USA (03): (TX) hurricane-related

Other Human Disease -- United States
A man died from flesh-eating bacteria [necrotizing fasciitis - Mod.LL] in what is now the 4th case linked to Hurricane Harvey since the storm 1st made landfall 2 months ago.
A 31-year-old carpenter living in Galveston, TX was diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis, an infection that causes the body's soft tissue to die, KHOU reported. He was helping demolish homes in the region after Hurricane Harvey and died on 16 Oct 2017, just 6 days after he went to the hospital with an infected wound on

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PRO/EDR> Chikungunya (44): Pakistan

Chikungunya -- Pakistan
The number of suspected chikungunya cases rose in Karachi as 12 more patients were admitted to hospitals, taking the total number of patients up to 243 since 1 Oct 2017.
According to a report issued by the Sindh Health Department, a total 4602 chikungunya suspected cases have been reported across the province since 1 Jan 2017.
The number of suspected chikungunya cases during October 2017 has reached 254 across Sindh, of which 243 cases have been reported from Karachi.
In 2016, the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Marburg virus disease - Uganda (06): (QW, QP)

Marburg Fever -- Uganda
The number of cumulative cases [of Marburg virus disease] has grown to 15: 2 confirmed, 4 suspected, 3 probable cases and 6 ruled out.
In Kween district, our team managed to get a high-risk contact who has been in hiding and was found to have developed Marburg-like symptoms.
This patient is a 38-year-old male, brother to the confirmed case and the probable case. Because of his close contact with the probable and confirmed cases, he was listed as a high-risk contact. However, he refused

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Saturday 28 October 2017

PRO/EDR> Dengue/DHF update (16): Asia, Africa, WHO update, vector, DENV5

Dengue -- Worldwide/Unknown
Cambodia
As of 5 September 2017, a total of 2102 suspected dengue cases were reported in 2017. The total number of reported dengue cases including dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome was lower than the 3 year-threshold of the same period from 2014-2016.
China (No updates)
As of 31 August, there were 1477 cases of dengue reported in China in 2017. This number is higher than that reported during the same period since 2012 but follows historical trend.
Lao PDR
As of one

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PRO/AH/EDR> Q fever - Chile: (LG, LR) dairy industry workers

Q Fever -- Chile
1. Lille RD, Perrin TL, Armstrong C: An institutional outbreak of pneumonitis. III. Histopathology in man and rhesus monkeys in the pneumonitis due to the virus of "Q fever." Pub Hlth Rep 1941; 56(4): 149-55; available at
2. Maurin M, Raoult D: Q fever. Clin Microbiol Rev 1999; 12(4): 518-53; available at
3. Norlander L: Q fever epidemiology and pathogenesis. Microbes Infect 2000; 2(4): 417-24.
A good recent review on Q fever can be found at:
Melgar TA, Bauler TJ, Lutwick LI. Q fever

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PRO/EDR> Legionellosis - Europe (13): Spain (Mallorca) fatal, resort

Legionnaires' -- Spain
Since October 7 [2017], when the outbreak was reported and special precautionary measures started, no new cases were reported that would have been subsequently housed in the area.
All the cases are tourists who were staying in hotels in the area between September and the 1st week of October [2017]. There is only one Spanish resident case, but it is a worker from a hotel in the area who showers in the hotel where he works.
Public health authorities have inspected and identified any

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus - Europe (08): Spain, new strain, OIE

West Nile Virus -- Spain
Information received on 26 Oct 2017 from Dr Valentín Almansa, Director General, Sanidad de la Produccion Agraria, Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente, Madrid, Spain
Summary
Report type: immediate notification (final report)
Date of start of the event: 24 Sep 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 25 Oct 2017
Date event resolved: 25 Oct 2017
Reason for notification: New strain of a listed disease in the country
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal

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Friday 27 October 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Americas (60): Brazil (SP)

Yellow Fever -- Brazil
The city of Sao Paulo has intensified its vaccination campaign against yellow fever after verifying that a monkey died of the disease, and city authorities also ordered on [Wed 25 Oct 2017] more parks closed since they are suspected of being breeding grounds for mosquitoes that transmit the virus.
The Brazilian Health Ministry announced that it will provide 1.5 million additional doses of vaccine for Sao Paulo, where on [Sat 28 Oct 2017] the health campaign to prevent yellow fever will be

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PRO/AH/EDR> Trichinellosis - Russia (03): (TO) bear meat exposure, susp., RFI

Trichinosis -- Russia
At least 17 people, including several children have contracted the parasitic infection, trichinosis, after eating smoked brown bear cub in Kataiga village in the Tomsk region of Russia, according to a Tass report (computer translated).
The fact of poisoning is confirmed, 12 people were hospitalized, one victim was taken to Tomsk to SibGMU clinics." All in all, there are 17 cases of trichinosis. "In total, 29 cases of poisoning were detected in the region," said EDDU employee Verkhneketskiy

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (48): (MI) increase in MSM cases

Hepatitis A -- United States
State health officials investigating a hepatitis A outbreak in southeast Michigan reported [Thu 26 Oct 2107], a concerning increase in cases among men who have sex with men. So far in October 2017, there have been 11 such cases, compared to a total of 10 over the preceding 14 months. Officials are urging all men who have sex with men and others who are at risk to get vaccinated.
Since [1 Aug 2016], there have been 457 confirmed cases of hepatitis A in the city of Detroit and Ingham, Lapeer,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Americas (55): USA (OR)

Hantavirus -- United States
A human patient has contracted Hantavirus in Klamath County, according to a news release from the county public health department.
Klamath County Public Health sent out a news release [Thu 26 Oct 2017] confirming that there was at least one human case identified in Klamath County. It's not yet clear where the infection occurred or how the person came down with the illness.
Known fully as hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS), the disease commonly spreads from contact with rodents. The

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PRO/EDR> Influenza (30): India, H1N1

Influenza H1N1 -- India
The Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS) Soura has received hundreds of suspected H1N1 influenza patients while 2 deaths have occurred at the hospital in 3 days due to the virus.
According to officials, a 20-year-old pregnant woman from Budgam died on [Tue 24 Oct 2017] and dozens of suspects are awaiting test results due to the shortage of labs.
"The 20-year-old pregnant woman from Budgam was tested positive for H1N1 last week [week of Sun 15 Oct 2017] and she died today

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis C - USA (11): (WI) perinatal transmission, 2011-2015

Hepatitis C -- United States
State surveillance during the last 10 years reveals a nationwide increase in hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among young adults (1). The proportion of infants born to HCV-infected women is also increasing nationally (2). To estimate the proportion of infants born to HCV-infected women and the frequency of confirmed HCV infection in their infants, maternal name and date of birth from HCV reports in the Wisconsin Electronic Disease Surveillance System (WEDSS) were linked to Wisconsin Medicaid

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PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed illness - USA (02): (WI) venison exposure, poss toxoplasmosis

Undiagnosed -- United States
An outbreak of severe febrile illness 5 days following ingestion of venison, in the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms, is compatible with only a handful of infectious diseases. In 1980, a similar outbreak among American hunters was ascribed to acute toxoplasmosis. [1] The decision support module in Gideon () also assigns a high ranking to toxoplasmosis.
Reference
---------
1. Sacks JJ, Delgado DG, Lobel HO, Parker RL: Toxoplasmosis infection associated with eating undercooked venison.

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PRO/AH/EDR> Tick-borne encephalitis - France (03): background

Tick-borne Encephalitis -- France
The following background information on tick-borne encephalitis in France was abstracted from Gideon () and the Gideon e-book series [1,2]. Primary references are available from the author.
The 1st case of TBE in France was reported in 1968. Approximately 30 cases were reported during 1968 to 1997 (virtually all from Alsace); and 64 cases (0 fatal) were reported in the Alsace region [Grand Est region] during 1968 to 2005. 54 cases were confirmed nationwide during 2013 to 2016 -- 48

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis - USA (15): raw tuna, alert, recall

Salmonella -- United States
Clark County Public Health officials were among the 1st to identify a nationwide salmonellosis outbreak linked to tuna loins and tuna steaks.
Locally, the case began with 5 reports of illness to Clark County Public Health in late August 2017. Since then, the outbreak has grown to 30 cases in 7 states and led to a recall of a California-based company's tuna products.
The outbreak includes 6 confirmed and 2 presumed cases in Clark County, said Dr Alan Melnick, Clark County health officer.

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PRO/EDR> Mumps update (31): USA, MMR 3rd dose, Canada

Mumps -- United States
The MMR vaccine is 88 percent effective when 2 doses have been given. In people who receive just one shot, the vaccine is less effective.
Most recent outbreaks have occurred among vaccinated people, according to Dr Manisha Patel, a medical officer at the CDC.
In weighing a possible recommendation on [Wed 25 Oct 2017], the CDC advisory committee will review data from recent outbreaks, including the number of vaccinated people who became infected. In its deliberations, the panel will

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (153): Dominican Republic (ES) poultry, LPAI H5N2, OIE

Avian Influenza -- Dominican Republic
Information received on 26 Oct 2017 from Dr Nimia Lissette Gómez Rodríguez, [Director, Animal Health, General Directorate for Livestock (DIGEGA), Ministry of Agriculture], Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 30 Sep 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 18 Oct 2017
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 26 Feb 2009
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal

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Thursday 26 October 2017

PRO> Poliomyelitis update (33): global (Pakistan, Afghanistan)

Polio -- Pakistan
As of 25-Oct-2017:
New wild poliovirus cases reported this week: 0
- Total number of wild poliovirus cases in 2017: 12
- Total number of wild poliovirus cases in 2016: 37
New cVDPV cases reported this week: 0
- Total number of cVDPV cases in 2017: 61
- Total number of cVDPV cases in 2016: 5
Headlines
- On [24 Oct 2017], millions of people around the globe engaged in actions for World Polio Day. Highlights included the 5th annual World Polio Day event, bringing together experts

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PRO/AH/EDR> Newcastle disease - Bulgaria (03): (KZ) poultry, OIE

Newcastle Disease -- Bulgaria
Information received on 25 Oct 2017 from Dr Damyan Iliev, Chief Veterinary Officer and Deputy Executive Director, Bulgarian Food Safety Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Sofia, Bulgaria
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 25 Oct 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 25 Oct 2017
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 13 Oct 2017
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Newcastle

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PRO/AH/EDR> Marburg virus disease - Uganda (05): (QW)

Marburg Fever -- Uganda
The 2 health workers who were suspected to have contracted Marburg [virus] after treating a confirmed case of Marburg in Kapchorwa hospital have tested negative for the viral infection.
According to a press release from the Office of the Director General Health Services in the Ministry of health, blood specimens were obtained from 2 health workers and taken for laboratory testing at the Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI).
"Additional tests also indicated that the cases were negative

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PRO/AH/EDR> PRO/AH/EDR>Animal health, livestock - Iraq: (NI) disease control, prevention, FAO

Other Animal Disease -- Iraq
FAO has launched an emergency animal health campaign across Iraq's Mosul area, which was recently retaken from the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL). The campaign aims to protect and enhance the assets of 210 000 people who rely on rearing livestock for food and income in the Ninawa Governorate - of which Mosul is the capital. It includes vaccinating almost 1 million sheep, goats, cattle and buffalo and providing 1500 tonnes of high-nutrient feed for 60 000 animals.
The campaign

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (123): Asia (Yemen)

Cholera -- Yemen
The Ministry of Public Health and Population of Yemen has reported a cumulative total of 862 858 suspected cases of cholera including 2177 associated deaths as of [26 Jul 2017] for the outbreak which started in October 2016.
The overall case-fatality rate remains low (0.25 percent). There has been a modest decrease in the number of suspected cholera cases and deaths compared to previous weeks, and the overall trend appears to be stable.
While cholera is endemic in Yemen, the country has

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PRO/AH/EDR> Infectious salmon anemia - Canada: (NL)

Other Animal Disease -- Canada
Thousands of farmed salmon at an aquaculture site on Newfoundland's south coast are being harvested after tests showed infectious salmon anemia [ISA] in some samples.
Fisheries Minister Gerry Byrne confirmed on [Tue 24 Oct 2017] that 5 of 35 fish tested in one of 6 open-pen cages near the community of Gaultois, and operated by Cooke Aquaculture, had the infection. He said it's the 1st time since 2013 that the infection known as ISA has been discovered in the province's aquaculture

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PRO/EDR> Typhoid fever - North Korea (02): (RG)

Typhoid -- North Korea
Regarding the report of a typhoid fever outbreak in North Korea, at present, I do not know of formal notifications or communications. Note that the region of the possible outbreak is large and remote, has chronically inadequate water and sewage systems as generally elsewhere in country, and both Ryanggang and neighboring North Hamgyong provinces were also badly hit by flooding in 2016. Massive post-flood investments have gone into recovery and reconstruction of these areas and it will be

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PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Madagascar (25): fatal, revised numbers, health care transmission

Plague -- Madagascar
14 Sep 2017 / 28 / 5
30 Sep 2017 / 73 / 17 / 3
3 Oct 2017 / 194 / 30 / 40
5 Oct 2017 / 258 / 36 / 32
7 Oct 2017 / 343 / 42 / 43
8 Oct 2017 / 387 / 45 / 44
9 Oct 2017 / 449 / 48 / 62
10 Oct 2017 / 500 / 54 / 51
11 Oct 2017 / 561 / 57 / 61
13 Oct 2017 / 684 / 57 / 61
16 Oct 2017 / 805 / 74 / 40
17 Oct 2017 / 878 / 80 / 44
18 Oct 2017 / 1032 / 89 / 164
19 Oct 2017 / 1153 / 94 / 121
20 Oct 2017 / 1297 / 102 / --
23 Oct 2017 / 1192 / 124 / 10
[Sources reported 105 more cases of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Undiagnosed illness - USA: (WI) poss venison exposure, church retreat, RFI

Undiagnosed -- United States
A Brookfield, Wisconsin, man says he and 10 of his friends became violently ill after sharing a meal of home-cooked wild venison, but what made them sick remains a mystery. The man said the symptoms didn't appear for 5 days after his church retreat to Black River Falls [1 OCT 2017]. "I could feel the life leaving my body. I knew something was something really serious," he said. "I was violently shaking, had a 104 (deg F) [40 deg C] fever when my wife took me in to urgent care. If I wouldn't

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PRO/EDR> Typhoid fever - North Korea: (YG) RFI

Typhoid -- North Korea
Radio Free Asia (RFA) says that typhoid fever is spreading in Ryanggang [Yanggang] province in North Korea. Quoting Japan's news outlet Asia Press and a source in North Korea, the USA-based broadcaster reported on Tue 24 Oct 2017, that outbreaks of typhoid were reported in Ryanggang province this month [October 2017] and related deaths are increasing among the older people.
RFA said that North Korean authorities are struggling to contain the disease as it is spreading rapidly since the 1st

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (08): Europe (France) ECDC report

West Nile Virus -- France
"The Regional Health Agency Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur informs that a person carrying the West Nile virus was diagnosed on [20 Oct 2017] in the Nice, Alpes-Maritimes department. This person is now cured and in good health. This 1st human case reported in France since 2015 is evidence of a circulation of West-Nile virus. According to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, between 28 Sep and 5 Oct 2017, several cases humans have been reported in Europe: 9 in Romania, 4 in Italy,

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PRO/EDR> Legionellosis - USA (18): (NYC) RFI

Legionnaires' -- United States
New York City health officials said that there were more than a dozen confirmed cases of legionnaires' disease in one Queens neighborhood. 1 person living in Flushing remains hospitalized, and another 12 people from the neighborhood have been discharged, after contracting the pneumonia-like disease in recent weeks, according to the New York City Department of Health.
Doctors are already testing 2 other people who may also have the disease. No patients have died. Officials said the patients

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Wednesday 25 October 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Namibia (11): (Bwabwata Natl Park) human prophylaxis

Anthrax -- Namibia
A total of 724 people are receiving prophylaxis treatment against anthrax, which killed 117 hippos and 7 buffaloes 2 weeks ago in Kavango East Region. Ministry of Environment and Tourism's (MET) spokesperson Romeo Muyunda said in a media statement on [Mon 23 Oct 2017] that the Ministry of Health and Social Services (MoHSS) had placed residents in the Mukwe Constituency on treatment as a preventative measure.
"There are no clinical cases of anthrax detected so far in humans and livestock.

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PRO/AH/EDR> Marburg virus disease - Uganda (04): (QW)

Marburg Fever -- Uganda
Uganda's ministry of health on [Tue 24 Oct 2017] said 2 health workers in the eastern part of the country have developed signs of the deadly Marburg fever.
Jane Aceng, minister of health, told reporters that the health workers interacted with the index case which died on [11 Oct 2017] at Kapchorwa hospital. "Blood samples have been obtained and sent to Uganda Virus Research Institute for testing," said Aceng, noting that in the interim, the health workers have been isolated and are being

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Most people have heard of Salmonella, but not Campylobacter

The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) has carried out a survey on health risks consumers are aware of?

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax fears - UK: (England) cattle grave concerns

Anthrax -- United Kingdom
Worcestershire Regulatory Services technicians have written to Wychavon District Council asking for applicant Trustees of the Wimbush Droitwich Settlement to include anthrax in their chemical analysis of the land east of Kidderminster Road in Hampton Lovett.
Anthrax, a severe illness caused by the _Bacillus anthracis_ bacterium, is most common in farm animals like cows, sheep, and goats. But the bacteria can live for years in soil and several local residents believe diseased livestock was

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PRO/AH/EDR> Listeriosis - South Africa: increasing incidence

Listeriosis -- South Africa
_Listeria_ is an organism that contaminates food and can result in pregnant women going into premature labour or even losing their babies. The Conversation Africa's Health and Medicine Editor Candice Bailey spoke to Kerrigan McCarthy from the National Institute of Communicable Diseases about listeriosis and why it needs attention.
In South Africa, the 1st documented outbreaks of listeriosis were in 1977. Between August 1977 and April 1978, 14 cases were reported in the Johannesburg area.

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PRO/AH/EDR> Foodborne illness - USA (06): (VA) food festival, Salmonella Javiana

Salmonella -- United States
The Division of Consolidated Laboratory [Services, DCLS] has identified _Salmonella_ [enterica_ serotype] Javiana in a sample of Crab Shack Clam Chowder obtained from an attendee of the Chincoteague Chili Chowder Cook Off. The DCLS says the finding is consistent with the exposure results of the online attendee survey. Approximately 500 survey responses, from both ill and non-ill attendees, were recorded in 18 days.
Health officials are still assembling reports from Virginia and as many as 9

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Tuesday 24 October 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> Leptospirosis - USA (08): (Puerto Rico) fatal, flooding

Leptospirosis -- United States
Puerto Rico has reported at least 76 cases of suspected and confirmed leptospirosis, including a handful of deaths, in the month after Hurricane Maria, said Dr. Carmen Deseda, the state epidemiologist for Puerto Rico.
Two deaths involved leptospirosis confirmed through laboratory testing, and "several other" deaths are pending test results, Deseda said. The 76 cases, up from 74 last week, also include one patient with confirmed leptospirosis who is currently hospitalized.
The island

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PRO/EDR> Antibiotic resistance (09): UK, 2012-2016

Antimicrobial resistance -- United Kingdom
A new surveillance report from Public Health England (PHE) shows a mixed picture in the battle against antimicrobial resistance (AMR), with little change in the proportion of antibiotic-resistant isolates detected in the country's healthcare system over the past 5 years but an upward trend in the number of resistant bloodstream infections [].
The 4th annual report from the English Surveillance Program for Antibiotic Utilisation and Resistance (ESPAUR), which includes data from 2012 through

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis - USA (14): (LA) jambalaya, 2nd pathogen Clostridium perfringens

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) -- United States
A week after softball fundraisers served up jambalaya in a Louisiana town of about 400, state health officials reported a foodborne illness count of 158, with 40 hospitalized. One person who ate the jambalaya has died, but it is not yet known whether a foodborne pathogen was the cause of death. Health officials ordered an autopsy this past week on the body of a 56 year old man, in hopes of making that determination.
"Officials are working with the pathologist responsible for the autopsy and

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (152): Cyprus wild bird, HPAI H5N8, OIE, Bulgaria HPAI H5N8

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Cyprus
Information received on 24 Oct 2017 from Dr Christodoulos Pipis, Acting Director, Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment, NICOSIA, Cyprus
Summary
Report type: immediate notification (final report)
Date of start of the event: 20 Sep 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 19 Oct 2017
Date submitted to OIE: 24 Oct 2017
Date event resolved 20 Sep 2017
Reason for notification: First occurrence of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: clinical

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PRO/AH/EDR> Marburg virus disease - Uganda (03): (QW)

Marburg Fever -- Uganda
WHO is working to contain an outbreak of Marburg virus disease (MVD) that has appeared in eastern Uganda on the border with Kenya.
At least one person is confirmed to have died of MVD and several hundred people may have been exposed to the virus at health facilities and at traditional burial ceremonies in Kween District, a mountainous area 300 km [approx. 86 mi] northeast of Kampala.
The 1st case was detected by the Ministry of Health on [17 Oct 2017]; a 50-year-old woman who died at a

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PRO/EDR> Typhoid fever - India (02) : (AP)

Typhoid -- India
Both government and private hospitals in Vijayawada [Andhra Pradesh] are flooded with hundreds of typhoid cases which are being registered after a series of continuous rains lashed the city from past 2 weeks. More than malaria and dengue, it is typhoid fever that are on the rise due to the consumption of polluted water and improper food. The general pediatric ward of new Government General Hospital [GGH] in the city is filled with patients suffering from viral fevers.
At present, over 712

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PRO/AH/EDR> Bluetongue - Europe (03): UK (England, Scotland) ex France, bovine, BTV-8

Bluetongue -- United Kingdom
The UK's Chief Veterinary Officer has urged farmers to remain vigilant for signs of bluetongue virus after the disease was successfully picked up in a number of cattle imported from France through our robust post-import testing regime.
The Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) identified the disease in cattle after they were brought to Preston and Kendal in England and 2 locations in Scotland. A total of 32 animals came from the same assembly centre in France, in an area where multiple

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PRO/AH/EDR> Die-off, salmon - Scotland: Pasteurella skyensis

Other Animal Disease -- United Kingdom
Birkbeck TH, Laidler LA, Grant AN, Cox DI. _Pasteurella skyensis_ sp nov, isolated from Atlantic salmon (_Salmo salar_ L.). Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2002; 52(Pt 3): 699-704;
- Mod.LXL]
[See Also:
Sea lice, salmon - UK (Scotland), Norway, Canada http://bit.ly/2yPpU2w
2016
---
Sea lice, salmon - Canada: (BC) wild fish http://bit.ly/2yKyFJc
Sea lice, salmon - UK: (Scotland) http://bit.ly/2yOXQMz
2009
---
Sea lice,

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PRO/EDR> Typhoid fever - Zimbabwe (03): (Harare)

Typhoid -- Zimbabwe
Harare City Council's battle with waterborne diseases continues unabated with a fresh outbreak reported in Mbare's Matapi flats at the weekend [22-23 Oct 2017], raising fears that the disease could blow out of control if it is not contained before the onset of the rainy season.
The latest outbreak, confirmed by council spokesperson Michael Chideme yesterday, 22 Oct 207, has been blamed on water shortages, raw sewer spillages and uncollected garbage in the city's populous high-density

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PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Americas (54): Panama (LS) comment, Brazil

Hantavirus -- Panama
Clement J, Neild GH, Maes P, Leirs H, Matthys P and Van Ranst M. Symptomatic human hantavirus in the Americas. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13(2):345-6.
In a recent letter, dos Santos et al. described 3 cases of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) from Juquitiba and stated that "the 1st human cases of symptomatic infection by hantaviruses were reported from Brazil in 1993." However, we described 8 cases of symptomatic hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Recife, Brazil, 5 months before

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Monday 23 October 2017

PRO/EDR> Rocky Mountain spotted fever - Brazil (02): (MG) fatal

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever -- Brazil
The City of Contagem, in the metropolitan region, is investigating whether the death of a 42-year-old man last [Fri 20 Oct 2017], was caused by spotted fever. Days before, he had gone to the Ecological Park of Pampulha, in the capital [Belo Horizonte], and found ticks by the body, according to information received by the advisory of the municipal Executive. According to the Municipal Health Department, he was admitted to the Emergency Care Unit last [Mon 16 Oct 2017], and, on [Fri 20 Oct

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PRO/EDR> Foodborne illness - India (04): (RJ) kulfi, children, RFI

Foodborne Illness -- India
The 5-day long Diwali [Hindu festival of lights] festivities came a nasty halt on Friday evening, 20 Oct 2017, for the families of at least 200 children in Dungarpur [Rajasthan] who suffered from food poisoning after they consumed kulfi at a fair. However almost all, except 3, were sent home after primary medical treatment. 2 children have been referred to the higher medical center, while 1 girl is still hospitalised in the district hospital. Meanwhile, the factory where the kulfi was produced

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PRO/EDR> Botulism - Canada (05): caviar, risk, recall

Botulism -- Canada
The Canadian Food Inspection Agency [CFIA] says a brand of caviar is being recalled because it may contain a dangerous toxin. The agency says the International House of Caviar is recalling its brand of rainbow trout caviar due to a risk of botulism. It says the caviar has been distributed in Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, and Saskatchewan. The recalled item is sold in 100-gram jars with a best before the date of 30 Aug 2018. The CFIA says there have been no reported illnesses

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PRO/AH/EDR> Brucellosis - Paraguay (02): (AS) veterinary school, RFI

Brucellosis -- Paraguay
Teachers from the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences testified before the Public Ministry on Fri 20 Oct 2017. They reported that the authorities knew about the existence of a laboratory report, issued in September 2017, confirming a case of brucellosis. However, they were asked to remain silent. Prosecutor Julio [Ortiz] is investigating cases of brucellosis in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the National University of Asunción (UNA). This Fri 20 Oct 2017 he listened to testimony of 3

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PRO/PL> Stripe rust, wheat - UK: (02) Red 24 & Blue 7, new strains

Other Plant Disease -- United Kingdom
The presence of a further 'significant' wheat yellow rust race in the UK has been confirmed by the UK Cereal Pathogen Virulence Survey (UKCPVS). Using a new system, the race has been named Red 24. It joins a 2nd new race, called Blue 7, announced by the UKCPVS in March [2017].
Both races were present in the UK pathogen population in 2016 and tests suggest both races contributed to the major revision of AHDB [Agriculture and Horticulture Development Board] Recommended List (RL) disease

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Sunday 22 October 2017

PRO/PL> Crown rot, peanut - USA: (GA)

Other Plant Disease -- United States
Aspergillus crown rot is on the rise in Georgia peanut fields and University of Georgia [UGA] researchers are working to pinpoint why. At present, scientists recommend that farmers stop saving seed from year to year to reduce the disease. If researchers can't determine why treatments are not working as consistently as they used to, the problem will only worsen, UGA's Tim Brenneman said.
Growers traditionally rely on fungicide treatment applied to commercial peanut seed to combat the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Brucellosis - Paraguay: (AS) veterinary students, RFI

Brucellosis -- Paraguay
Students of the Faculty of Veterinary Sciences of the National University of Asuncion were infected with brucellosis and they accused the authorities of not having been warned in time. The disease has its origin in animals. A veterinary student reported in Monumental AM that 2 of her colleagues were infected with brucellosis, a disease caused by a bacterium present in horses, cows and goats.
According to their statements, the authorities of the Faculty were aware that the animals were sick

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Europe (27): research, prevention

African Swine Fever -- Worldwide/Unknown
(Open access)

Citation: Reis AL, Goatley LC, Jabbar T, Sanchez-Cordon PJ et al. Deletion of the African swine fever virus gene DP148R does not reduce virus replication in culture 3 but reduces virus virulence in pigs and induces high levels of protection against challenge.
ABSTRACT
"Many of the approximately 165 proteins encoded by African swine fever virus do not have significant similarity to known proteins and have not been studied experimentally. One such protein is DP148R. We

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis - Syria (02): IDP camp, RFI

Hepatitis -- Syria
Viral hepatitis has started to spread among tens of displaced people in Zogra camp near Jarabulus city (125 km or 78 miles north of Aleppo) at the Syrian-Turkish border, which accommodates people displaced from Homs.
A medical source told Smart News on [Thu 19 Oct 2017] that jaundice or viral hepatitis has begun to spread among the displaced people aged 10 to 40 years in the camp. Around 100 cases of the disease have been identified in addition to almost the same number of suspected cases.

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza, human (75): China, H7N9, pandemic potential

Avian Influenza H7N9 -- China
In 2013, an influenza virus that had never before been detected began circulating among poultry in China. It caused several waves of human infection, and in late 2016, the number of people to become sick from the H7N9 virus suddenly started to rise. As of late July 2017, nearly 1600 people had tested positive for avian H7N9. Nearly 40 percent of those infected had died.
In early 2017, Yoshihiro Kawaoka, professor of pathobiological sciences at the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Pakistan (18): (SD)

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever -- Pakistan
Another man in Karachi has contracted Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and been admitted to the isolation ward of the Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC) in critical condition.
JPMC Executive Director Dr Seemin Jamali said 21-year-old HK a resident of Frontier Colony, was brought to the hospital with fever, headache and symptoms of a viral infection.
He was tested for dengue while his blood sample was also sent to the Aga Khan University Hospital to test for CCHF, following

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PRO/EDR> Chikungunya - Pakistan (42): (SD) Karachi

Chikungunya -- Pakistan
As many as 29 fresh cases of chikungunya have been reported from Karachi, taking the patients toll to 160 since 1 Oct 2017.
According to a report issued by Sindh Health Department, a total of 4519 suspected cases of chikungunya have been reported across the province since 1 Jan 2017.
In October 2017, a total of 171 chikungunya cases surfaced in the province, of which 160 were reported from Karachi, while there were 11 from other parts of the province. In 2016, a total of 405 suspected

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PRO/AH/EDR> Mycoplasma bovis, bovine - New Zealand (07): mechanized milking link

Mycobacteria, non-TB -- New Zealand
There seems to be a link between "highly mechanised" dairy farming and the cattle disease _Mycoplasma bovis_, Ministry for Primary Industries technical liaison officer Victoria Barrell says.
She was speaking at a public meeting to discuss the response to the outbreak, which will result in about 4000 dairy cattle being culled from 5 Van Leeuwen Dairy Group properties in the Waimate district.
Van Leeuwen Dairy Group is a high-profile operation founded by Aad and Wilma van Leeuwen and

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PRO/AH/EDR> Chronic wasting disease, cervid - USA (13): (WI) captive deer

Chronic Wasting Disease -- United States
Two deer from a hunting ranch in Waupaca County have tested positive for chronic wasting disease.
The Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection says one of the bucks was killed by a hunter, and the other was euthanized because of an injury. Neither one showed signs of CWD when it was alive. The animals, ages 2 and 3, were among 40 deer reported to be on Hunt's End East's 84-acre ranch.
Both deer were sampled and sent to the National Veterinary Services Laboratory

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PRO/AH/EDR> Paralytic shellfish poisoning - USA: (WA) Skagit Bays

Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning -- United States
Shellfish harvesting in the Port Susan Bay area and south Skagit Bay was closed Thursday, 19 Oct 2017, to all species of recreational shellfish harvesting because of extremely high levels of paralytic shellfish poison, a potentially fatal biotoxin.
To see the entire map of beaches closed to shellfish harvesting, see the Washington Shellfish Safety Map online at [This map has an excellent summary of the locations. - Mod.TG].
All species means clams (including geoduck), oysters, mussels,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Toxic algae - New Zealand (02): (OT) Tomahawk Lagoon

Algae -- New Zealand
A bloom of potentially toxic algae at the Tomahawk Lagoon has prompted a warning from the Otago Regional Council for people and dogs to avoid contact with its water.
The council yesterday [20 Oct 2017] released a statement saying a sample it took from the water body at Ocean Grove tested positive for cyanobacteria, after it was informed of the bloom by a citizen scientist.
Signs were erected at the lagoon yesterday [20 Oct 2017] near the beach access to warn the public of the risks

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PRO/EDR> Mumps update (30): USA, New Zealand

Mumps -- United States
"Background. The effect of a 3rd dose of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine in stemming a mumps outbreak is unknown. During an outbreak among vaccinated students at the University of Iowa, health officials implemented a widespread MMR vaccine campaign. We evaluated the effectiveness of a 3rd dose for outbreak control and assessed for waning immunity."
"Conclusions. Students who had received a 3rd dose of MMR vaccine had a lower risk of mumps than did those who had received 2 doses,

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Saturday 21 October 2017

PRO/EDR> Measles update (51): Pacific, Asia, Europe

Measles -- Australia
[4] Ireland (Dublin)
******
Pacific
------
[1] Australia (New South Wales)
Date: Mon 16 Oct 2017
Source: Daily Telegraph [edited]

Health bosses are urging people aged between 20 and 50 years to have the free measles vaccine following an increase in cases, which include that of a northern beaches man.
The father-of-3 from Allambie told the Manly Daily the disease was utterly debilitating and that it was "the worst" he had ever felt.
The 48-year-old thought he had been

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis - USA (12): live poultry, multiple serotypes

Salmonella -- United States
Outbreak Summary - 1120 cases - 48 states - 249 hospitalizations - one death
The year 2017 is seeing the largest number of illnesses linked to contact with backyard poultry ever recorded by CDC. Contact with live poultry or their environment can make people sick with salmonellosis. Live poultry such as chickens and ducks can be carrying _Salmonella_ bacteria but appear healthy and clean, with no sign of illness. As raising backyard flocks becomes more popular, more people are having contact

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PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Madagascar (24): fatal

Plague -- Madagascar
1. Situation update:
Madagascar has been experiencing a large outbreak of plague affecting major cities and other non-endemic areas since August 2017. Between one August and 19 October 2017, a total of 1297 cases (suspected, probable and confirmed) including 102 deaths (case fatality rate 7.9 percent) have been reported. Of these, 846 cases (65.2 percent) were clinically classified as pneumonic plague, 270 (20.8 percent) were bubonic plague, one case was septicaemic plague, and 180 cases were

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PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Americas (53): Panama (LS)

Hantavirus -- Panama
The Ministry of Health (MINSA) in Los Santos province this morning [Fri 20 Oct 2017] confirmed that a 10-year-old child who was moved, was positive for [a] hantavirus [infection].
The epidemiologist Carlos Muñoz stated that this child from Las Tablas Abajo, was admitted to the Joaquin Pablo Franco hospital with a sickle cell-like presentation this past [Tue 17 Oct 2017], but since he did not recover and because his platelets declined, a hantavirus test was done.
Muñoz stated the he was

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PRO/AH/EDR> Powassan virus encephalitis - USA (09): USA (NY)

Encephalitis -- United States
The New York state Department of Health has confirmed a case of Powasssan virus [infection] in Dutchess County. The rare tick-borne disease is the county's 1st case this year [2017].
The state Health Department confirmed the case this week [week of Sun 15 Oct 2017] and was reporting it to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Fri 20 Oct 2017]. The case in Dutchess is the 4th in the state in 2017; the 3 other cases were in Saratoga County over the summer. Bryon Backenson is Deputy

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (150): Germany (NI) wild bird, HPAI H5N8, regional alarm

Avian Influenza H5N8 -- Germany
A wild duck has been found positive for HPAI H5N8 in the municipality of Osterwald in the German county Bentheim, 25 km [15.53 mi] from the Dutch city Almelo.
The Friedrich-Löffler Institute (FLI) has confirmed the infection officially on [Fri 20 Oct 2017]. The finding has come to light on the basis of the German Wild Bird Monitoring Program. There are no poultry farms in a 3 km [1.86 mi] radius around the site. No restriction area has been set.
The site is adjacent to the [district]

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (149): China (AH) HPAI H5N6, poultry

Avian Influenza H5N6 -- China
China on [Tue 17 Oct 2017] confirmed an outbreak of bird flu at broiler chicken farms in a central province, the Ministry of Agriculture said in a statement.
Flocks are particularly vulnerable to avian flu during the drier winter months, following which outbreaks usually die down.
The outbreak in Hexian, a city of about 500 000 people in the province of Anhui, was caused by the H5N6 strain of virus, and has been brought under control, the ministry said on its website.
The local

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (121): Africa

Cholera -- Zambia
Cholera has been confirmed in New Fangak after 3 samples tested positive by culture on [Wed 4 Oct 2017]. Since [Mon 25 Sep 2017], at least 7 cholera cases (with deaths) have been reported from several neighborhoods Malakia, Hai Thurja; Kamil; Bel Thorin, Muska Pouk, and Fangat in New Fangak. All cases were treated at the MSF clinic and discharged on [Fri 29 Sep 2017]. Community follow up revealed no additional cases at community level. WASH implementing partners are supporting WASH response.

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Friday 20 October 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis - Australia (04): (ACT) restaurant outbreaks

Salmonella -- Australia
More than 100 people reported becoming sick after a "disturbing" salmonellosis outbreak linked to Ricardo's Cafe earlier in 2017, while the cause of another outbreak remains a mystery, ACT Health says. According to ACT Health's annual report, there were 90 cases of salmonellosis between January and March 2016 linked to 3 food outlets.
None of the food outlets have faced prosecution, but ACT Health said it would provide reports on all 3 cases to the ACT Director of Public Prosecutions. The

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PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Madagascar (23): fatal

Plague -- Madagascar
14 Sep 2017 / 28 / 5
30 Sep 2017 / 73 / 17 / 3
3 Oct 2017 / 194 / 30 / 40
5 Oct 2017 / 258 / 36 / 32
7 Oct 2017 / 343 / 42 / 43
8 Oct 2017 / 387 / 45 / 44
9 Oct 2017 / 449 / 48 / 62
10 Oct 2017 / 500 / 54 / 51
11 Oct 2017 / 561 / 57 / 61
13 Oct 2017 / 684 / 57 / 61
16 Oct 2017 / 805 / 74 / 40
17 Oct 2017 / 878 / 80 / 44
18 Oct 2017 / 1032 / 89 / 164
19 Oct 2017 / 1153 / 94 / 121. - Mod.LL
Maps of Madagascar can be seen at and . - Sr.Tech.Ed.MJ]]
[See Also:
Plague - Madagascar

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (47): (MI) fatal

Hepatitis A -- United States
Public health officials and the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) are continuing to see an elevated number of hepatitis A cases in the City of Detroit, and counties of Lapeer, Livingston, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, St. Clair, Sanilac, Washtenaw, and Wayne.
Since the beginning of the outbreak in August 2016, public health response has included increased healthcare awareness efforts, public notification and education, and outreach with vaccination clinics for high-risk

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (40): eye problems, guidelines, vaccine

Ebola -- Worldwide/Unknown
Hoisted onto the operating table by a nurse, AC, a spunky 8-year-old, crossed her skinny ankles jauntily and held stock-still as doctors numbed her eye and then pierced it with a needle to withdraw a sample of fluid.
Up to 2 years ago, Ebola nearly took AC's life. Now, complications from it are threatening her sight.
She came with her mother to an eye hospital here in late July [2017], hoping for surgery to remove a dense cataract that had clouded the lens of her right eye, erasing most

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PRO/AH/EDR> Scrub typhus - Nepal (11): (CT) more cases

Scrub Typhus -- Nepal
As many as 265 people have been found infected with scrub typhus in Chitwan in the last 3 months. According to the District Public Health Office, Chitwan, the number of people infected with the infectious mite-borne disease that is caused by _Orientia tsutsugamushi_ has been on the rise in the district.
Fever, headache, swollen lymph nodes, muscular rash and body pain are among the symptoms of scrub typhus.
_Orientia tsutsugamushi_ is transmitted by a mite that feeds on forest and rural

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PRO/EDR> Legionellosis - Europe (12): Spain (Mallorca) fatal, resort, RFI

Legionnaires' -- Spain
Health authorities in Spain have revealed the man who died from an outbreak of Legionnaires' in a Mallorcan holiday resort was a British tourist. They also said another 13 of the 19 people now known to have been affected so far in the unresolved outbreak were also holidaymakers from the UK.
The holidaymakers were struck down in Palmanova, which neighbours Magaluf, with 8 people all staying at the same unnamed hotel.
Regional health authority boss Maria Ramos said one British tourist, a

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PRO/EDR> Legionellosis - USA (17): (IL) vet home, updated water treatment, new cases

Legionnaires' -- United States
The Illinois Department of Veterans' Affairs said [Wed 18 Oct 2017] that 2 residents at the Illinois Veterans Home in Quincy contracted Legionnaires' disease.
Department spokesman Dave MacDonna said one resident died last week [week of Sun 8 Oct 2017], although officials believe the death resulted from a "long, complex medical history" and was not the direct result of Legionnaires' disease. MacDonna said the other resident is recovering.
MacDonna said staff at the home is using monitoring

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - India (17): (AD) ovine, humans

Anthrax -- India
A total of 3 people were hospitalised in Anantapur's Government General Hospital (GGH) in Andhra Pradesh on [Wed 18 Oct 2017], after they showed symptoms of anthrax. The Times of India identified them as Ba (30), Ra (35) and La (55), who were natives of Chettumorampalli village, and developed blisters and fell ill, after consuming sheep meat around 10 days ago. The doctors at GGH set-up an isolated ward for the patients, and said that they were stable. They also asked authorities to check if

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis E - Niger (07): (DF)

Hepatitis E -- Niger
New cases of hepatitis E are still being presented and recorded in the region of Diffa. Since the declaration of the epidemic by the Health authorities on the [Wed 19 Apr] 2017, a total of 1987 cases have been declared with 38 deaths recorded. Up to [Tue 25 Apr 2017] the mortality rate was 29 percent dropping to 1.91 percent by [Thu 12 Oct 2017]. Analysis of reported cases reveal that women and people aged 15 and over are the most likely affected.
Personnel from the Health authorities and

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis - USA (11): (LA) jambalaya

Salmonella -- United States
Health officials said a mass illness in Caldwell Parish that caused hundreds of people to get sick is salmonellosis. So far, they've confirmed 49 cases of a gastrointestinal illness and 31 of those people have been hospitalized, but officials expect that more people will get sick soon.
According to state health officials, the source is believed to be plates of jambalaya that were served at a community fundraiser on [Mon 16 Oct 2017]. They believe anyone who ate the jambalaya is at risk of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Marburg virus disease - Uganda (02): (QW)

Marburg Fever -- Uganda
Uganda Virus Research Institute [UVRI] has confirmed cases of the deadly Marburg virus in Kween district on the western slopes of Mt Elgon in Eastern Uganda. 2 people have died from the deadly hemorrhagic fever.
The Ministry of Health is sending an emergency response team to the district.
The public is urged to be vigilant and report suspected cases.
Symptoms of the Marburg virus include nausea and vomiting, diarrhea (may be bloody), red eyes, raised rash, chest pain and cough, sore

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Sofina Foods linked to Salmonella outbreak

Sofina Foods Inc. has issued a recall after being linked to an outbreak in six Canadian provinces.

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PRO/AH/EDR> Canine influenza - USA (08): alert

Canine Influenza -- United States


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PRO/AH/EDR> Monkeypox - Africa (13): Nigeria (DE)

Monkeypox -- Nigeria
About 9 persons have been allegedly hospitalised as the dreaded monkeypox disease hit Delta state.
Sources told our correspondent on [Thu 19 Oct 2017] that 6 of the affected persons were from Agbor, where the state governor, Dr Ifeanyi Okowa, hails from.
A doctor at the Federal Medical Centre Asaba, who confirmed the development to The Punch said the remaining victims were from around the state capital.
It was gathered that the victims were diagnosed of the disease on [Wed 18 Oct

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st Enteritidis - Canada (05): frozen chicken, alert, recall

Salmonella -- Canada
This notice has been updated to include information about a food recall warning that has been issued as part of the ongoing outbreak investigation. The Public Health Agency of Canada advises consumers not to eat the recalled food products. Additional illnesses have also been reported in British Columbia (1), Alberta (1), and Ontario (3), bringing the total to 18 cases of illnesses under investigation.
Why you should take note?
The Public Health Agency of Canada is collaborating with

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PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Madagascar (22): fatal

Plague -- Madagascar
14 Sep 2017 / 28 / 5
30 Sep 2017 / 73 / 17 / 3
3 Oct 2017 / 194 / 30 / 40
5 Oct 2017 / 258 / 36 / 32
7 Oct 2017 / 343 / 42 / 43
8 Oct 2017 / 387 / 45 / 44
9 Oct 2017 / 449 / 48 / 62
10 Oct 2017 / 500 / 54 / 51
11 Oct 2017 / 561 / 57 / 61
13 Oct 2017 / 684 / 57 / 61
16 Oct 2017 / 805 / 74 / 40
17 Oct 2017 / 878 / 80 / 44
18 Oct 2017 / 1032 / 89 / 164
- Mod. LL
Maps of Madagascar can be seen at and . - Sr.Tech.Ed.MJ]
[See Also:
Plague - Madagascar (21): fatal, numbers growing,

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PRO/EDR> Influenza (29): WHO global update, research

Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Influenza -- Worldwide/Unknown
Summary
-------
Influenza activity remained at low levels in the temperate zone of the northern hemisphere. Declining levels of influenza activity were reported in the temperate zone of the southern hemisphere and in some countries of South and South East Asia. In Central America and the Caribbean, low influenza activity was reported in a few countries. Worldwide, influenza A(H3N2) and B viruses accounted for the majority of influenza detections.
- In temperate South America, influenza

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Thursday 19 October 2017

PRO/EDR> Meningitis, meningococcal - Japan: airplane exposure, boy scouts, 2015

Meningitis - Neisseria -- Japan
1. Moser MR, Bender TR, Margolis HS, Noble GR, Kendal AP and Ritter DG. An outbreak of influenza aboard a commercial airliner. Am J Epidemiol 1979;110:1-6.
2. Kenyon TA, Valway SE, Ihle WW, Onorato IM and Castro KG. Transmission of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis during a long airplane flight. N Engl J Med 1996;334 (15):933-8, available at:

3. Exposure of passengers and flight crew to Mycobacterium tuberculosis on commercial aircraft, 1992-1995. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - India (16): (OR) elephant, susp

Anthrax -- India
The death of an adult female elephant near Phulbadia village, bordering Similipal National Park, sparked controversy as an activist raised allegation of poaching, even as the forest officials suspected a remote possibility of anthrax."The female adult was around 20 years old. She used to come here in a herd of 3 elephants since the past 3 days. She was often found roaming within the boundary of Similipal forest and in the surrounding paddy fields. She might have died 48 hours back due to

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PRO/AH/EDR> Equine coronavirus - USA (02): (CA) adult equines

Coronavirus -- United States
Nicola Pusterla, DrMedVet, MedVet, DACVIM, recently gave an update of what is known about equine coronavirus based on research done at the University of California [UC], Davis, in addition to a review of several case studies.
According to a release from UC Davis, Dr Pusterla reported most affected horses will present as anorectic (98 percent) and lethargic (88 percent) and have an elevated rectal temperature at or above 101.5 F ([38.6 deg C] 81 percent). Less commonly, horses have diarrhea

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PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Madagascar (21): fatal, numbers growing, WHO, MOH

Plague -- Madagascar
Madagascar is experiencing a large outbreak of plague affecting major cities and other non-endemic areas since August 2017. Between 1 Aug 2017 and 15 Oct 2017, a total of 849 cases (suspected, probable, and confirmed) including 67 deaths (case fatality rate 7.9 percent) have been reported from 37 (32.5 percent) out of 114 districts in the country. Of these, 568 cases (67 percent) were clinically classified as pneumonic plague, 155 (18.3 percent) were bubonic plague, one case was septicemic

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PRO/AH/EDR> Bird die-off - USA: (NY) necrotizing enteritis, eastern bluebirds

Animal Die-off -- United States
Unusually high numbers of dead Eastern bluebirds, _Sialia sialis_, were reported to the Cornell Wildlife Health Laboratory (CWHL) this past summer [2017]. The reports came mostly from people who have monitored nest boxes for years and knew this was a cause for concern. Postmortem examination of several birds revealed the cause of death was severe damage to the inner wall of the intestine: an ulcerative, or necrotizing, enteritis. Looking at data collected though our New York Wildlife Health

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PRO/AH/EDR> Marburg virus disease - Uganda: (QW)

Marburg Fever -- Uganda
The Ministry of Health would like to inform the general public that there is a confirmed case of Marburg virus disease (MVD) in the country. This followed laboratory tests conducted by the Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI) which confirmed on [17 Oct 2017] that one person died of Marburg virus disease, a type of viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF).
As at [19 Oct 2017], only one case has been confirmed. The confirmed case was a 50-year-old female from Chemuron village, Moyok Parish, Moyok sub

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PRO/AH/EDR> Chronic wasting disease - USA (12): (TX) captive elk

Chronic Wasting Disease -- United States
Texas Animal Health Commission (TAHC) officials have confirmed chronic wasting disease (CWD) in an elk located within the South-Central Texas CWD Zone. The elk was harvested on a high-fenced premises with common management as a property where white-tailed deer were previously confirmed to have CWD.
This case was detected as part of the ranch's herd management plan, which was developed by TAHC to assess the ranch's risk of CWD.
CWD has been found in free-ranging elk across the United

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus - Americas (17): USA, equine

West Nile Virus -- United States
A horse that tested positive for West Nile virus was recently identified in Cherokee county.
The South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control notified the county of the infected animal, according to a statement from the county.
The response area is southeast of Blacksburg, and officials with Cherokee County, the Town of Blacksburg, and the SC Department of Natural Resources will begin taking the following preventive action:
- door-to-door home and business visits within

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Recalls: Metal shavings, Listeria and glass



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Wednesday 18 October 2017

PRO/EDR> Diphtheria - Haiti (02)

Diphtheria -- Haiti
Since year 2014 we have registered diphtheria cases. For the period 2014-2017, more than 90 cases were notified in the National epidemiologic surveillance system, for a letality rate of 30 percent. Most of the deaths were aged between 5 and 14 years old. Diphteria's cases still a big concern in Haiti.
--
Communicated by:
EpiCore Surveillance Project member
Apollon M Destine

******
[2]
Date: Thu 12 Oct 2017
Source: EpiCore Global Surveillance Project [edited]

Re: ProMED-mail

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Europe (26): Ukraine, domestic swine, OIE

African Swine Fever -- Ukraine
Information received on [and dated] 18 Oct 2017 from Dr Andrii Zhuk, 1st deputy head of the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Production, International Cooperation of the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection, UKR Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food, Kiev, Ukraine
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 12 Oct 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 13 Oct 2017
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st Enteritidis - Canada (04): frozen chicken, alert, recall, RFI

Salmonella -- Canada
Janes Pub Style Chicken Burgers and Pub Style Snacks Popcorn Chicken have been recalled because of possible _Salmonella_ contamination, as part of an investigation of an illness outbreak. The burgers carry a best before date of 12 May [2018] with UPC code 0 69299 12491 0 and the popcorn chicken 18 May [2018] with UPC code 0 69299 12542 9, with both in the 800-gram size. The frozen food products were sold at stores across Canada. The recalled products should be thrown out or returned to the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Seychelles (06): NOT, WHO results

Plague -- Seychelles
Samples from patients in Seychelles suspected to be ill with pneumonic plague tested negative at a WHO partner laboratory in Paris, France on Tue 17 Oct 2017. The 10 samples were shipped by the Seychelles Ministry of Health and WHO to the collaborating centre for Yersinia at the Institut Pasteur to confirm the status of several suspected and one probable case -- a 34-year-old Seychelles national who had returned from Madagascar with plague-like symptoms.
WHO is working with the Seychelles

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PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (11): (MI) deer

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- United States
The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services has informed the Branch-Hillsdale-St Joseph Community Health Agency that a Hillsdale County fawn has become the 1st deer in Michigan to test positive for eastern equine encephalitis (EEE).
The disease is an infectious, often fatal disease of horses, humans, and pigs that is spread by mosquitos. White-tailed deer can also become infected.
So far, 6 horses have also tested positive for EEE in Michigan. Health officials are reminding

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (120): Africa

Cholera -- Sudan
1. Guerrant RL, Carneiro-Filho BA, Dillingham RA. Cholera, diarrhea, and oral rehydration therapy: triumph and indictment. Clin Infect Dis. 2003; 37(3): 398-405; available at
2. Gregorio GV, Gonzales ML, Dans LF, Martinez EG. Polymer-based oral rehydration solution for treating acute watery diarrhoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009; (2): CD006519. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006519.pub2; available at
3. Gore SM, Fontaine O, Pierce NF. Impact of rice based oral rehydration solution on stool

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (148): Netherlands (ZE) poultry, LPAI H5N2, OIE, corr

Avian Influenza H5N2 -- Netherlands
As is mentioned in the immediate notification to OIE (see ) this case of avian influenza in the Netherlands was caused by a low pathogenic strain, subtype H5N2. Therefore the correct title for the posting is: Avian influenza (148): Netherlands (Zeeland) poultry, LPAI H5N2, OIE.
My apologies for this error.
--
Cristina Ramirez David
ProMED-mail Animal Health Liaison Moderator

[
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail map can be accessed at: .]
[See Also:
Avian influenza (148): Netherlands (ZE)

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Tuesday 17 October 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> Brucellosis - Nepal: (KT)

Brucellosis -- Nepal


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PRO/AH/EDR> MERS-CoV (65): Saudi Arabia (RI, JZ)

MERS -- Saudi Arabia
As of Tue 17 Oct 2017, there have been a total of:
1726 laboratory-confirmed cases of MERS-CoV infection, including
699 deaths [reported case fatality rate 40.5 percent],
1013 recoveries, and
14 currently active cases/infections.
[As previously mentioned, the numbers of deaths, recoveries, and currently active cases come from my spreadsheet tallies and differ from those listed on the Saudi MOH website; my spreadsheet counts asymptomatic infections as they are reported. One complication

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PRO/AH/EDR> Tick-borne encephalitis - Switzerland (03): comment

Tick-borne Encephalitis -- Switzerland


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PRO/AH/EDR> Monkeypox - Africa (11): Nigeria

Monkeypox -- Nigeria
The Federal Government on [Mon 16 Oct 2017] confirmed 3 fresh cases of monkeypox virus [in Bayelsa], insisting that all cases from Lagos tested negative. The Minister of Health, Isaac Adewole said the 3 suspected samples of the virus sent to Senegal for testing, have been confirmed.
TheNewsGuru.com reports that the samples were sent to the World Health Organization, WHO's laboratory in Dakar, the Senegalese capital. [These are the same 3 confirmed cases in the ProMED-mail post yesterday (16

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PRO/EDR> Viral meningitis - USA (02): (NV, CA)

Viral Meningitis -- United States
Outbreaks of viral meningitis continue here in Washoe County [Nevada] and in Susanville [Lassen County, California]. In Susanville where the outbreak was initially traced to the high school football team and forced the temporary closure of the school as well as the Community College, public health officials say they've had 50 possible cases reported. Of those 22 are suspected and 18 are clinically diagnosed; 16 of which are lab confirmed. Another 10 have been ruled out. Here in Washoe County

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (46): (CA) fatal

Hepatitis A -- United States
Cases / Deaths / Hospitalizations
507 / 19 (3.7 percent) / 351 (69 percent)
The table does not include all reported hepatitis A cases in the county; only local-outbreak-related. Data are provisional and subject to change.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail

[The number of cases of diagnosed hepatitis A (HAV) in San Diego county in southern California:
Date / Cases / Hospitalized (percentage) / Deaths (percentage) / New Cases /

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PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Madagascar (20): fatal, numbers growing

Plague -- Madagascar
14 Sep 2017 / 28 / 5
30 Sep 2017 / 73 / 17 / 3
3 Oct 2017 / 194 / 30 / 40
5 Oct 2017 / 258 / 36 / 32
7 Oct 2017 / 343 / 42 / 43
8 Oct 2017 / 387 / 45 / 44
9 Oct 2017 / 449 / 48 / 62
10 Oct 2017 / 500 / 54 / 51
11 Oct 2017 / 561 / 57 / 61
13 Oct 2017 / 684 / 57 / 61
16 Oct 2017 / 805 / 74 / 40
Cases and deaths of plague reported by the WHO for Madagascar 2010-2015 ():
Year / 2010 / 2011 / 2012 / 2013 / 2014 / 2015
Cases 324 / 392 / 256 / 675 / 482 / 275
Deaths / 30 / 93 / 60 /

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PRO/EDR> Botulism - Canada (04): (ON) smoked fish, alert, recall

Botulism -- Canada
Yummy Market is recalling "Yummy Market brand Smoked Lake Trout w/Pepper with Cracked Black Pepper" for possible _Clostridium botulinum_ contamination. It was sold from Yummy Market at 1390 Major Mackenize Drive West in Maple, Ontario. The recall was triggered by a consumer complaint.
There has been one illness reported that may be associated with the consumption of this product. If you purchased it, do not eat it. Throw it away in a sealed package, or take it back to the place of purchase

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (119): Asia (Yemen)

Cholera -- Yemen
Yemen is currently in the midst of a cholera outbreak that, by the WHO's latest count, has killed 2167 people since the end of April 2017 and is suspected to have infected 841 906. In June 2017, as the disease killed one person an hour and the WHO deemed its spread "unprecedented", the International Coordinating Group [ICG] -- the body that manages the global stockpile of emergency cholera vaccines -- decided to deploy one million doses of the vaccine to Yemen for urgent use.
The plan was

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PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Mauritius: ex Madagascar, NOT

Plague -- Mauritius
Plague is gaining ground in the Indian Ocean. While the last report shows 610 cases and 63 deaths in Madagascar [the latest numbers I have seen from Madagascar are 687 and 57 deaths. - Mod.LL], 2 cases including one death in the Seychelles, it is now the turn of Mauritius to record its 1st case of suspected plague. A man was placed in quarantine in Mauritius because of a suspicion of plague. The patient was admitted on [Mon 16 Oct 2017] at Souillac Hospital, a town located in the south of the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Leptospirosis - USA (07): (PR) flooding, need for diagnostic testing reagents

Leptospirosis -- United States


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PRO/PL> Xylella, almond - Spain: (PM)

Xylella Fastidiosa -- Spain
_Xylella fastidiosa_ has infected at least one million almond trees in Majorca. Scientist Eduardo Moralejo, who already warned in 2010 of the presence of the bacterium, now confirms that [it] is behind the crop's high mortality, which was initially attributed to the wood-decay fungus [see ProMED-mail post http://bit.ly/2ywjpkX]. Around 150 000 trees have been killed by the bacterium over the last decade, while another 800 000 have been infected. This entails that at least

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PRO/AH/EDR> Coenurus cerebralis - Kenya, Tanzania: ovine, caprine, susp

Helminths, miscellaneous -- Kenya


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New peak in multi-country Salmonella outbreak from eggs

Seven countries have reported more than 100 Salmonella cases linked to eggs from Poland pushing the total number of infections past 600.

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (148): Netherlands (ZE) poultry, HPAI H5N2, OIE

Avian Influenza -- Netherlands
Information received on [and dated] 16 Oct 2017 from Dr Christianne Bruschke, chief veterinary officer, Ministry of Economic Affairs, The Hague, Netherlands
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 11 Oct 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 13 Oct 2017
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 12 Jan 2017
Manifestation of disease: Sub-clinical infection
Causal agent: Low pathogenic avian influenza virus

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (50): USA, Europe, Pacific

Measles -- United States
[5] Australia
Date: Mon 16 Oct 2017
Source: SBS [edited]

Another person has been diagnosed with the potentially deadly measles virus, and Sydney's Sutherland Shire has emerged as a hotspot in the NSW [New South Wales] outbreak.
Health authorities are urging people to seek out the measles vaccine after the 29th person was diagnosed with the potentially deadly virus in NSW.
The latest infection is the 5th of a growing outbreak in the Sutherland Shire.
See URL above for places

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Monday 16 October 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Namibia (09): (Bwabwata Natl Park) carcass disposal

Anthrax -- Namibia
A total of 20 hippo carcasses, of the 109 which died of anthrax, have been disposed of since [Fri 13 Oct 2017], spokesperson of the Ministry of Environment and Tourism Romeo Muyunda says. In an interview with Nampa yesterday, Muyunda said 20 of the 109 carcasses were destroyed between [Fri 13 Oct 2017] and [Sat 14 Oct 2017].
The ongoing operation will see officials from the environment ministry and the ministry of agriculture's veterinary department helping each other to clean the river

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PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Africa (12): Nigeria

Yellow Fever -- Nigeria
The Kwara government said on Monday [16 Oct 2017] that no fewer than 200 000 people have been vaccinated within 3 days of the ongoing yellow fever reactive vaccination in the state.
Dr Sulaiman Alege, the Commissioner for Health, who gave the figure to newsmen in Ilorin, said 960 000 doses of the vaccine would be administered in 9 communities in the state.
"The vaccination is taking place in Ifelodun Local Government and 8 others, comprising Isin, Ilorin South, Ilorin East, Irepodun,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza, human (74): Indonesia, H5N1

Avian Influenza H5N1 -- Indonesia
The following information was by EpiCore Surveillance Project members who requested anonymity. ProMED regrets the delay in posting these responses. - Mod.UBA]
[1]
Date: Wed 20 Sep 2017
Source: EpiCore Global Surveillance Project [edited]

'An outbreak of H5N1 in Bali is confirmed. To date, no additional confirmed cases have been reported. 5 suspected cases were identified and are waiting for laboratory confirmation. A Ministry of Health Rapid Response Team is investigating the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Glanders, equine - India (06): spread

Glanders -- India
1. Elschner MC, Neubauer H, and Sprague LD. The resurrection of glanders in a new epidemiological scenario: a beneficiary of "global change". Curr Clin Microbiol Rep. 2017; 4(1): 54-60. Abstract available at .
2. Van Zandt KE, Greer MT, Gelhaus HC. Glanders: an overview of infection in humans. Orphanet J Rare Dis. 2013; 8: 131. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-8-131; available at . - Mod.AS]
[Glanders is an infection caused by _Burkholderia mallei_ and occurs primarily in horses and related animals.

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E. coli O157 outbreak linked to raw milk

An outbreak of E. coli O157 has been linked to raw (unpasteurised) milk from an Isle of Wight farm.

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Sunday 15 October 2017

PRO/PL> Citrus leprosis, lime - Mexico

Other Plant Disease -- Mexico
According to Ulises Diaz Zorrilla, National Institute of Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock Research (INIFAP), Persian lime exports are at risk due [to] leprosis which is why the sector needs to conduct field investigation to control the disease. Leprosis has spread in almost all of the country, including Veracruz.
[He] said that the disease came from orange, grapefruit and mandarins and had recently been detected in Persian lime. He recommended [that] producers thoroughly study their

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PRO/PL> Tar spot, maize - USA: spread

Other Plant Disease -- United States
Corn tar spot, 1st identified in the U.S. 3 years ago [ProMED-mail post http://bit.ly/2gHfQyB], is now in 5 states. [It] has appeared in Illinois, Indiana, and more recently Wisconsin, Iowa and Michigan.
Michigan State University's Martin Chilvers says tar spot is caused by a fungus originally found in Central America. "It's called _Phyllachora maydis_ and to date that's the only one we've found in the U.S. [see comments below]." [He says] the leaf disease does not

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