Saturday 31 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (15): USA (OH, MA) horse

Encephalitis -- United States
Ohio Department of Agriculture state veterinarian Tony Forshey recently confirmed one case of Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) in a horse in Ashtabula County and is urging horse owners to contact their veterinarian to ensure their animals' vaccine and boosters are up-to-date.
The virus responsible for the disease is transmitted to horses by mosquitoes and attacks the animal's central nervous system. In horses, onset is abrupt and usually fatal. Signs include unsteadiness, erratic behavior,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Swine dysentery - UK (02): (England) spread, control

Dysentery -- United Kingdom
1. Alvarez-Ordonez A, Martinez-Lobo FJ, Arguello H, et al.: Swine dysentery: aetiology, pathogenicity, determinants of transmission and the fight against the disease. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2013; 10(5): 1927-47; .
- Mod.AS
HealthMap/ProMED-mail map:
Buckinghamshire, England, United Kingdom: ]
[See Also:
Swine dysentery - UK: (England) biosecurity http://bit.ly/2LbZoGg
2017
----
Swine dysentery - UK: (England), alert

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (59)

Measles -- DR Congo
More than 5600 measles cases were reported during the week ending 11 Aug [2019] in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), including 141 deaths, from 23 of the 26 provinces of the country, according to the latest published data.
Since the beginning of the year [2019], 155 460 total measles cases have been recorded. 1/3 of the health zones in the DRC have reported confirmed measles outbreaks. A nearly 2% case fatality rate, or 2953 deaths, has been reported. Nearly 60% of cases reported

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (30): Americas (USA) horse

West Nile Virus -- United States
Recent testing shows that West Nile virus (WNV) was found in a Swift County horse. WNV is spread by mosquitoes and are a risk to horses and people.
"This is also a high-risk time of year for horses to become infected with this disease," said Dr. Courtney Wheeler, Board of Animal Health equine program director. "We strongly encourage all horses be vaccinated against WNV."
The infected horse was euthanized.
For more information on the case, visit the Minnesota Board of Animal Health at

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Armenia (03): (AV) cattle, human

Anthrax -- Armenia
The Ministry of Health has received information that 2 residents of Getashen rural community of Armavir Province were transferred to the capital city Yerevan infection hospital, and with boil-like wounds (cutaneous anthrax symptoms) on their fingers and wrists, the ministry informed.
The patients [reported] that a few days earlier, they had taken part in the skinning of the cow of a fellow villager, and the processing of the meat of this cow.
A total of 6 more fellow villagers were found

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PRO/AH/EDR> Vesicular stomatitis - USA (15): (CO) horse, USDA update

Vesicular Stomatitis -- United States
Vesicular stomatitis has been confirmed in 26 Colorado counties: Adams, Alamosa, Arapahoe, Archuleta, Boulder, Broomfield, Chaffee, Conejos, Delta, Douglas, Fremont, Gilpin, Grand, Gunnison, Jefferson, La Plata, Larimer, Mesa, Mineral, Montezuma, Montrose, Morgan, Ouray, Park, Pueblo, and Weld.
"While we have an overall greater number of premises that have been released from quarantine, we still have a steady number of cases being reported on a daily basis," said State Veterinarian Dr.

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PRO/AH/EDR> Porcine epidemic diarrhea - North America (06): Canada (MB) pig

Novel Swine Enteric Coronavirus -- Canada
Manitoba Pork has released an update on the number of cases of the porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) virus as of 28 Aug 2019:
- 68 cases of PED (29 finisher, 13 nursery, 25 sow, 1 quarantine): of these, 8 are transitional and 60 are positive;
- 56 in southeast Manitoba, 9 west of the Red River in the Lowe Farm/Morris area, 2 in Whitemouth, 1 in Notre Dame de Lourdes.
Pork producers are encouraged to consult their herd veterinarians and visit Manitoba Pork's biosecurity webpage

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Friday 30 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Invasive mosquito - USA (03): (CA)

Zika virus, Chikungunya, Dengue -- United States
For the 1st time, the aggressive day-biting mosquito that can transmit the Zika virus has been discovered in Sacramento County, according to the Sacramento-Yolo Mosquito & Vector Control District.
"Now that we have found these invasive mosquitoes in our area, the goal is to control and limit their expansion," said Sacramento-Yolo district manager Gary Goodman. "We are mobilizing and responding quickly in order to protect the residents we serve."
The _Aedes aegypti_ mosquitoes can carry

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Europe (43): Hungary (HE, BZ) wild boar, OIE

African Swine Fever -- Hungary
Information received on [and dated] 29 Aug 2019 from Dr. Lajos Bognar, deputy state secretary chief veterinary officer, Food Chain Safety Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Budapest, Hungary
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 21 Aug 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 28 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 19 Aug 2019
Manifestation of disease: Clinical disease
Causal agent: African

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (84): Congo DR (NK, IT) cases, Uganda, summaries, response

Ebola -- DR Congo
- Since vaccination began on 8 Aug 2018, 206 774 people have been vaccinated. The only vaccine to be used in this outbreak is the rVSV-ZEBOV vaccine, manufactured by the pharmaceutical group Merck, following approval by the Ethics Committee in its decision of 20 May 2018.
Monitoring at entry points
-------------------------
- Perturbation of activities at the PoC [sanitary control point] Vulindi (Butembo): It is an attack of the incivists not otherwise identified, whose provisional report

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Canada (02): (SK) cattle

Anthrax -- Canada
Saskatchewan's Ministry of Agriculture says 7 farm animals are dead due to anthrax. The province says the case was confirmed in the RM of Golden West located approximately 140 kilometres [about 87 mi] southeast of Regina [The Provincial Ministry of Agriculture has since issued a correction -- the outbreak is in Chester, not Golden West; see . - Mod.MHJ]. It says lab results from [Thu 29 Aug 2019] confirmed anthrax caused the sudden death of 7 animals. Dr Betty Althouse, the ministry's chief

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Thursday 29 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (14): USA (NJ) human

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- United States
The New Jersey departments of Health (NJDOH), Environmental Protection (NJDEP), and Agriculture (NJDA) are urging state residents to take precautions this summer to protect themselves from all mosquito-borne diseases including eastern equine encephalitis [EEE], a rare virus transmitted to people and horses by the bite of an infected mosquito.
The DOH has confirmed the 1st human case of EEE this summer in an elderly Somerset County man earlier this month [August 2019]. The man was

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (29): Europe (Germany) owl, zoo, OIE

West Nile Virus -- Germany
Information received on [and dated] 27 Aug 2019 from Dr Dietrich Rassow, director for animal health and animal welfare, chief veterinary officer, directorate of animal health and animal welfare, Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Berlin, Germany
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 20 Aug 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 20 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 11 Jan

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PRO/EDR> Melioidosis - Japan: (CH) ex Thailand

Melioidosis -- Japan
Disease name: melioidosis
Address: Kamogawa city
Age / Gender: 75 years old / male
Profession: unemployed
Symptoms: fever, sepsis, shock, pneumonia, lung abscess
Date of onset: 30 May 2019
Notification date: 26 Aug 2019
A 75-year-old man who was admitted to a medical institution in Kamogawa city on 6 Aug 2019 and died on the same day was diagnosed as a melioidosis [case] from the results of the test, and the outbreak was reported to the Awa Health Center on 26 Aug 2019.
In this

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PRO/EDR> Foodborne illness - Jordan: (JA)

Foodborne Illness -- Jordan
The initial results of the laboratory specimens of the food poisoning cases in Raymon town, west of Jarash revealed that _E. coli_ bacteria was the cause of the poisoning. The reports indicated that the bacterium was found in samples taken from water tanks in a bakery and restaurant during inspections conducted by teams of the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Environment and the Jordan Food and Drug Administration (JFDA).
The report said that 5 people were referred to hospital on [Sat 24

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PRO/EDR> Influenza (24): WHO global update, Asia, Australia

Influenza H1N1, Influenza -- Myanmar
Information in this report is categorized by influenza transmission zones, which are geographical groups of countries, areas or territories with similar influenza transmission patterns.
Summary
-------
- In the temperate zones of the southern hemisphere, influenza activity appeared to have peaked in most countries.
- In the Caribbean, Central American, and tropical South American countries, influenza activity was low overall.
- In tropical Africa, influenza activity was low across

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Asia (17): United Arab Emirates (SH)

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever -- United Arab Emirates
A resident of Swabi district has succumbed to Congo fever in Sharjah hospital and was laid to rest there on [Sat 24 Aug 2019].
According to details, the man was cutting meat on Eid day, when he accidentally cut one of his fingers. He didn't take it seriously, but after few days, he felt unwell and was taken to the hospital in Sharjah where he was told that he is suffering from a lethal infection known as Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever.
Doctors have told him that while he was cutting

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PRO/PL> Red rot, sugar cane - Bangladesh: (RS)

Other Plant Disease -- Bangladesh
The sugarcane is dying of red rot disease and pest attack in Naogaon [district, Rajshahi]. Medicines were not working. Suddenly there was a massive pest attack in sugarcane fields, along with the red rot disease.
"After seeing a little red color, the entire land is infected and dying within 4 to 5 days," said a farmer. The farmers complained that they were not receiving any help from the Agriculture Office despite the sudden onset of the disease.
[A local] Agriculture Officer said, "The

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Wednesday 28 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Asia: Taiwan

Hantavirus -- China
A migrant worker in Taiwan has been diagnosed with [a] hantavirus infection, the 1st case in the country this year [2019].
The afflicted individual, a male in his 20s, is a fisherman living in northern Taiwan. He has not traveled abroad recently, and his life is mostly spent at sea, said the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
The male started exhibiting symptoms of the disease on 3 Aug [2019], including vomiting, diarrhea, and fatigue. He later developed liver and renal

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PRO/AH/EDR> Invasive mosquito - USA (02): (CA)

Pests -- United States
The San Joaquin County Mosquito and Vector Control District has detected _ Aedes aegypti_ mosquitoes in Stockton.
The 1st detection was from a sample of mosquitoes collected on 6 Aug 2019 in the vicinity of Brookside. "Our goal is to control and limit the presence of this invasive mosquito species," said Ed Lucchesi, Manager of the District. "We are doing everything possible to ensure these mosquitoes do not become established in our communities; however, this type of mosquito can be very

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PRO/AH/EDR> Strongyloidiasis - Australia: S. stercoralis, canine, human

Helminths, miscellaneous -- Australia
A human infective nematode found in remote northern areas of Australia has been identified in canine carriers for the 1st time [in Australia].
Flinders University environmental health researchers, with experts in the USA, have found a form of the soil-borne strongyloides worm in faeces collected from dogs.
Strongyloidiasis, carried by several kinds of _Strongyloides_ spp., is estimated to infect up to 370 million people around the world, mainly in places with poor sanitation in

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PRO/AH/EDR> Glanders - India (03): (CT) horse

Glanders -- India
1. Elschner MC, Neubauer H, Sprague LD. The resurrection of glanders in a new epidemiological scenario: A beneficiary of "global change." Curr Clin Microbiol Rep. 2017; 4(1): 54-60; abstract available at .
HealthMap/ProMED-mail map:
Chhattisgarh state, India: ]
[See Also:
Glanders - India (02): (UP) horse http://bit.ly/2L2eezm
Glanders - India: (DL) horse http://bit.ly/2WTMFjj
2018
----
Glanders, equine - India (04): (UP) control

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PRO/EDR> Cyclosporiasis - USA (06): (TX) alert

Other Human Disease -- United States
Hidalgo County health officials are warning residents about the growing number of parasites found in leafy vegetables that could cause medical concerns for vulnerable populations.
More than 70 cases of cyclosporiasis have been reported to the Hidalgo County Health and Human Services office, chief administrative officer Eddie Olivarez said [Mon 26 Aug 2019].
"It's a public health concern we not only have in the Rio Grande Valley, but in the state of Texas, and even throughout the nation,"

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PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (13): USA (NJ,WI,MA) horse, alpaca

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- United States
A 7-year-old alpaca in Camden County and a 2-year-old gelding horse in Ocean County are the 4th and 5th reported animal cases of eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), a serious, mosquito-borne illness, in New Jersey this year [2019].
The alpaca's vaccination history was unknown and it was euthanized earlier this month [August 2019].
Three horses in Ocean County, including a 12-year-old mare, and 1 horse in Monmouth County have also tested positive for EEE and were each euthanized within the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Chronic wasting disease - USA (13): (WI) elk

Chronic Wasting Disease -- United States
Based on test results from the National Veterinary Services Laboratory (NVSL) in Ames, Iowa, the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection (DATCP) confirms an elk from a breeding farm in Burnett County has tested positive for chronic wasting disease (CWD). The 6-year old male was euthanized due to an injury and showed no signs of the disease. As a result of the positive finding, DATCP has quarantined the farm and the remaining 5 elk in the herd. A quarantine means no

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (28): Americas (Brazil) horse, OIE

West Nile Virus -- Brazil
Information received on [and dated] 27 Aug 2019 from Dr Geraldo Marcos De Moraes, Director, [Department of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Supply], Brasilia, Brazil
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 9 Jul 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 23 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: West Nile virus
Nature of diagnosis: clinical,

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Tuesday 27 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (83): Congo DR (NK, IT) cases, summaries, response

Ebola -- DR Congo
-Since the beginning of the epidemic, the cumulative number of travelers checked (temperature rise) at sanitary control points 87 998 192;
-To date, a total of 98 entry points (PoE) and sanitary control points (PoCs) have been set up in the provinces of North Kivu and Ituri to protect the country's major cities and prevent the spread of the epidemic in neighboring countries.
--
Communicated by:
Mary Marshall

-Mon 26 Aug 2019. WHO Dashboard
2982 cases including confirmed and

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PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (12): USA (MI) susp human, horse

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- United States
There are 3 suspected cases of the mosquito-borne illness eastern equine encephalitis in Michigan residents, according to the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services [MDHHS].
The suspected cases are in residents from Kalamazoo and Berrien counties.
As of [26 Aug 2019], 6 cases of EEE have been confirmed in horses in Barry, Kalamazoo, and St Joseph counties. None of the horses were vaccinated against EEE and all animals died. An EEE vaccine is available to horses but not people.

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Monday 26 August 2019

PRO/PL> Ceratobasidium, wheat - UK: damping off

Other Plant Disease -- United Kingdom
An often-overlooked cereal disease capable of causing yield losses of up to 30% could be lying unnoticed in more than half of English wheat fields. The fungus _Rhizoctonia cerealis_ is traditionally associated with sharp eyespot. However, research by Rumiana Ray, University of Nottingham, shows it can also cause damping-off much earlier in the season. Germinating seeds rot away in the soil, leading to reductions in crop emergence and plant numbers.
"It is well known that _Microdochium_ and

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PRO/AH/EDR> Leptospirosis - Philippines: flooding

Leptospirosis -- Philippines
The Department of Health (DOH) in Calabarzon (Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Rizal and Quezon) urged residents to take precautionary measures as the number of leptospirosis cases in the region has reached 75, with 12 recorded deaths.
DOH Calabarzon regional director Eduardo C. Janairo also directed local health officials and local leaders to take the necessary precautions to prevent the spread of leptospirosis and the current dengue outbreak in the communities due to the rainy season.

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile Virus (27): Europe (Bulgaria), ECDC update

West Nile Virus -- Bulgaria
From [16 to 22 Aug 2019], EU Member States reported 49 human cases in Greece (40), Cyprus (4), Romania (3), Hungary (1) and Austria (1). An additional 9 cases were reported in the EU neighbouring countries Turkey (7) and Serbia (2). All human cases were reported from areas that have been affected during previous transmission seasons. This week, 8 deaths were reported in Greece (6), Cyprus (1) and Serbia (1).
Due to technical reasons the monitoring of the Animal Disease Notification System

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PRO/AH/EDR> Lumpy skin disease - China: (XJ) cattle, 1st report, OIE

Lumpy Skin Disease -- China
Information received on 26 Aug 2019 from Dr Zhang Zhongqui, Director General, China Animal Disease Control Centre, Veterinary Bureau, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China (People's Rep. of)
Summary:
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 3 Aug 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 10 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease in the country
Causal agent: lumpy skin disease virus
Nature of diagnosis: clinical, laboratory

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PRO/EDR> Amebic meningoencephalitis, primary - Pakistan (03): (Sindh)

Amoeba -- Pakistan
A 16-year old boy is battling for life at a private hospital in Karachi after he was diagnosed on [Fri 23 Aug 2019] with primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a rare disease caused by _Naegleria fowleri_, a microorganism also referred to as brain-eating bug, health officials said.
"[MS], 16, a resident of the Mahmoodabad area of the city has been diagnosed with _Naegleria fowleri_ infection. He is still alive and undergoing treatment at a private hospital in Karachi," an official of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Lumpy skin disease - India (02): (OR) cattle, susp, spread, RFI

Lumpy Skin Disease -- India
An unidentified disease affecting cattle has emerged as a major cause of concern for farmers of Mayurbhanj district [map at ].
The worst hit are the marginal farmers of Khunta block. With a few healthy bullocks left in the area, the farmers have to shell out between Rs 1000 and Rs 1400 per hour [USD 13.90 to 19.46] on tractors to prepare their fields for transplanting paddy saplings. However, the poor farmers, who cannot afford to spend on tractors, have not yet started farming activities

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PRO/EDR> Poliomyelitis update (70): Pakistan (KP, SD)

Polio -- Pakistan
A total of 5 more children -- 3 from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and 2 from Sindh -- have tested positive for poliovirus, it emerged on Sunday [25 Aug 2019].
With the latest addition, the number of polio cases in the country has climbed to 58 this year [2019], indicating a sharp increase of 383.33% from last year's [2018] figure of 12. It may be recalled that only 8 cases had been confirmed in 2017.
Of the 58 victims found this year [2019], 44 belonged to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa alone, whereas Sindh

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Asia (16): Pakistan (SD, PB)

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever -- Pakistan
Two more Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) cases surfaced in the city [Karachi] on Thursday [22 Aug 2019], taking the reported toll of cases to 27 in the provincial metropolis during the current year (2019).
The patients have been identified as 54-year-old [ZS] and 32-year-old [MK]. [They] are being treated in different private hospitals after testing positive for the CCHF.
The recent cases took the number of Congo patients to 27; however, the number of people [who] died from the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (11): USA (MA) human, fatal

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- United States
A woman from southern Bristol County has been diagnosed with eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), the Massachusetts Department of Public Health (DPH) confirmed on Sunday [25 Aug 2019]. The woman is the 4th confirmed case of EEE in Massachusetts this summer.
Friends and family of [LS], a Fairhaven woman, said she was treated at Tuft's Medical Center but died of EEE. The DPH has not confirmed the woman's identity. A post on the Teamsters Local 59 Facebook page said [LS] was the wife of [RS

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PRO/AH/EDR> Equine influenza - Mali (02): (KK) donkey, serotype H3N8, OIE

Equine Influenza -- Mali
Information received on [and dated] 22 Aug 2019 from Dr. Drissa Dounanke Coulibaly, [National Director, Veterinary Services, Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries], Bamako, Mali
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification (final report)
Date of start of the event: 1 Feb 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 25 Jun 2019
Report date: 22 Aug 2019
Date submitted to OIE: 22 Aug 2019
Date event resolved: 18 Jul 2019
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Zimbabwe (02): (MC) domestic, OIE

African Swine Fever -- Zimbabwe
Information received on [and dated] 23 Aug 2019 from Dr. Unesu Hildah Ushewokunze-Obatolu, Principal Director, Department of Livestock and Veterinary Services, Harare, Zimbabwe
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 23 Aug 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 23 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 3 May 2019
Manifestation of disease: Clinical disease
Causal agent: African swine fever

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PRO/PL> Ascochyta blight, chickpea - Canada: (SK)

Other Plant Disease -- Canada
A mysterious disease is plaguing chickpea crops in southern Saskatchewan. Blighted and diminished plants are being found, [and the] disease confounds growers and agronomists. [The] unusual outbreak swept across wide swaths of the Canadian chickpea crop in July [2019].
"The issue went across pretty much all of Western Canada and the northern (United States)," said Sherrilyn Phelps, Saskatchewan Pulse Growers. CDC Orion [chickpea cultivar] seemed to be more affected than other varieties,

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Sunday 25 August 2019

PRO/EDR> Meningitis, meningococcal - UK: non-group, cipro-resist, ex Saudi Arabia

Meningitis - Neisseria -- United Kingdom
Zumla A, Memish ZA
Editorial
---------
On 22 Jul [2019], Public Health England issued an important public health announcement, the unusual occurrence in the UK of 3 people with non-groupable meningococcal infections connected with recent travel to Mecca, Saudi Arabia (1). Two presented with conjunctivitis just days after returning from a pilgrimage. The 3rd person, who was a close contact of one case but had not travelled to Mecca, developed invasive meningococcal disease (1). _Neisseria

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PRO/AH/EDR> Listeriosis - Europe (08): (Spain) meat product, recall, fatal

Listeriosis -- Spain
The listeriosis outbreak in Spain is thought to have claimed a 2nd life. A 72 year old man with cancer died on Thu 22 Aug 2019. On Tue 20 Aug 2019, a 90 year old woman passed away. Both victims lived in Sevilla, the centre of the outbreak.
At the moment, there is no confirmation that the man had eaten the La Mecha branded "carne mechada" that has been traced as the source of the outbreak that has so far affected 186 people. An investigation is under way to determine whether his death from

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PRO/AH/EDR> Rabies - Americas (42): USA (ME,VA,MT) fox, bat, human exp

Rabies -- United States
A 6 year old girl is in good spirits after being bitten by a rabid fox in Bath, according to her mother. The girl was playing outside at a friend's house on Bumpy Hill Road when a fox attacked, chasing her into the home, according to Bath police chief Michael Field. "The male homeowner kicked the fox until it ran outside," Field said in a statement Friday [9 Aug 2019]. The friend's family dog chased the fox and killed it. Police said the fox was confirmed to have rabies Thursday [8 Aug

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PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - North America (10): USA (MA) human

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- United States
The state's Department of Public Health has confirmed a 3rd human case of eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), this one from northern Franklin County. The latest victim is a man older than 60. Since 2011, Massachusetts had not seen a human case of EEE until this summer, when 3 people so far have contracted the virus.
The risk level in the towns of Heath and Colrain in Franklin County has been raised to critical. A horse in Mendon and a horse in Uxbridge, both towns in Worcester County, have

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Saturday 24 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (26): Americas (USA) (NV)

West Nile Virus -- United States
It's officially an outbreak. There are more West Nile [virus infection, WNV] cases in southern Nevada this year [2019] than ever before, and mosquito season is far from over. There's no clear-cut answer as to why it's so bad this year [2019], but out of the nearly 40 000 mosquitoes the Southern Nevada Health District has tested all across the valley, 20% are carrying the virus.
"So think about that: one in every 5 mosquitoes is carrying a virus," said Devin Raman, MPH, a senior disease

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PRO/AH/EDR> Listeriosis - North America: fatal, Canada recall cooked diced chicken

Listeriosis -- United States
As of [23 Aug 2019], there have been 7 confirmed cases of _Listeria monocytogenes_ illness in 3 provinces: British Columbia (1), Manitoba (1) and Ontario (5). Individuals became sick between November 2017 and June 2019. A total of 6 individuals have been hospitalized. Individuals who became ill are between 51 and 97 years of age. The majority of cases (86%) are female.
The collaborative outbreak investigation was initiated because of an increase of listeria illnesses that were reported in

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (58)

Measles -- Australia
New South Wales (NSW) residents have been advised to vaccinate themselves against measles after 2 returning travellers were diagnosed with the disease. Both people diagnosed with the infection are aged in their 40s. They bring the total number of measles notifications for NSW to 37 this year (2019), compared with 13 notifications for the same period last year (2018), data from NSW Health show.
Both NSW residents, returning from South America and New Zealand, respectively, remain isolated in

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PRO/AH> African swine fever - Europe (42): Bulgaria (RS) domestic, wild

African Swine Fever -- Bulgaria
A total of 4 new outbreaks of African swine fever have been reported in Ruse, Darik News reports. "There are diseased animals in an industrial farm in the village of Karamanovo in the Municipality of Tsenovo. There are 4500 animals raised, and their killing and burial began yesterday [21 Aug 2019]", said Dr Nikolay Nenov of the Regional Food Safety Directorate.
There are also 3 new outbreaks in feral pigs. They are in the villages Prosena, Mechka and Pisanets. So now the [number of] wild

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PRO/EDR> Chikungunya (07): Americas, Africa, Asia

Chikungunya -- Worldwide/Unknown


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PRO/AH/EDR> Radiation poisoning - Russia: military explosions

Poisoning -- Russia
Russian medics who treated radiation victims after a military explosion in the Arctic had no protection, and now fear they were irradiated themselves. Two of the medics in Arkhangelsk spoke to BBC Russian about the victims' evacuation, on condition of anonymity.
A total of 5 nuclear engineers died on [8 Aug 2019] when an "isotope-fuel" engine blew up at the Nyonoksa test range, officials said. Two military personnel also died. President Vladimir Putin said the test involved a new weapon

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PRO/AH> Epizootic hemorrhagic disease - USA: (KY,WV) deer

Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease -- United States
A white-tailed deer in west Kentucky is the state's 1st confirmed case of hemorrhagic disease (HD) this year [2019] according to the Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources in a release on Thursday [22 Aug 2019]. Murray State University's Breathitt Veterinary Center confirmed a deceased deer from Graves County tested positive for [EHD (epizootic hemorrhagic disease)]. [This disease is not blue tongue virus. They are separate viruses. - Mod.TG] Fish and wildlife officials are

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PRO/AH/EDR> Vesicular stomatitis - USA (14): (UT,TX,CO) horse, USDA

Vesicular Stomatitis -- United States
On [Thu 15 Aug 2019], the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) said 6 states have confirmed cases of VS [vesicular stomatitis]: Colorado, Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas, and Wyoming.
Since its previous Situation Report on [Sat 10 Aug 2019], no new states have been confirmed positive for VS. However, counties within previously affected states have been confirmed newly positive:
Colorado: Arapahoe, Gunnison, and Mineral

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Friday 23 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Die-off, fish - USA: (VT) eel

Animal Die-off -- United States
American eels are washing up dead on the shores of northern Lake Champlain, and biologists are investigating what may be killing them. Vermont Fish and Wildlife Department fisheries biologist Bernie Pientka said people started seeing the eels over the past few weeks [August 2019], with about 15 of the creatures reported dead on the lakeshore from Swanton south to Milton. It's not yet clear what's causing the die-off, he said.
"We really don't know -- we're looking to try to get some samples

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PRO/AH/EDR> Leishmaniasis - Armenia (03): (ER) dog, OIE

Leishmaniasis -- Armenia
Information received on [and dated] 22 Aug 2019 from Dr Georgi Avetisyan, head, Food Safety Inspection Body of the Government of the Republic of Armenia, e ARM Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 15 Aug 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 16 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: subclinical infection
Causal agent:

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PRO/AH> African swine fever - Asia (65): Russia (AM) domestic, spread

African Swine Fever -- Russia
Russian authorities announced new cases of African swine fever (ASF) in the Amur region near its border with China on Wednesday [21 Aug 2019]. Pigs infected with the deadly ASF virus that has no cure or vaccine at this time were found at 2 private farms in the village of Volkovo near Blagoveshchensk, Reuters reports. In early August [2019], an ASF outbreak was detected at a small farm in Russia's Primorsk region near the country's border with China.
The ASF virus is highly transmissible

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PRO/AH/EDR> Murine typhus - USA (03): (CA) LA County, most not homeless

Typhus -- United States
An explosion of rats in Los Angeles (LA) has [led] to a surge in cases of typhus and could pave the way for a public health crisis. According to Reform California, there have been 124 confirmed cases of typhus in LA County this year [2019]. On top of the increase in typhus cases, experts fear the return of a disease that wiped out one-third of Europe in the 12th century, the bubonic plague.
The increase in trash on the streets of LA is largely blamed on the increasing homeless population,

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PRO/EDR> Poliomyelitis update (69): global (Afghanistan, Angola, Ghana), Myanmar WHO

Polio -- Afghanistan
New wild poliovirus cases isolates reported this week:
AFP cases: 1
Environment: 1
Total number of wild poliovirus cases in 2019: 66
Total number of wild poliovirus cases in 2018: 33
New cVDPV isolates reported this week:
AFP cases: 2
Environment: 0
Others: 2
Total number of cVDPV cases (all types) in 2019: 53
Total number of cVDPV cases (all types) in 2018: 104
Headlines
- Nigeria marked 3 years since the last case of wild poliovirus (WPV) was detected within its borders.

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza, human (10): China, H5N6

Avian Influenza H5N6 -- China
The China National Health Commission reported a human case of avian influenza A (H5N6) today [19 Aug 2019]. The case involved a 59 year old female from Beijing. She was hospitalised on [11 Aug 2019]. She is now in a critical condition.
Avian influenza is caused by those influenza viruses that mainly affect birds and poultry, such as chickens or ducks. Clinical presentation of avian influenza in humans includes eye infection (conjunctivitis), flu-like symptoms (such as fever, cough, sore

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (82): Congo DR (NK,IT) cases, response

Ebola -- DR Congo
In the past week, 57 new confirmed Ebola virus disease (EVD) cases with an additional 46 deaths have been reported from 18 health zones in 3 affected provinces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). In the 21 days from 29 Jul through 18 Aug 2019, 65 health areas in 18 health zones reported new cases, representing 10% of the 665 health areas in North Kivu, South Kivu and Ituri provinces [see Table 1 and Figure 2 at the source URL]. During this period, a total of 215 confirmed cases were

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PRO/AH/EDR> St Louis encephalitis virus - USA: (CA)

St. Louis Encephalitis -- United States
The Imperial County Public Health Department (ICPHD) confirmed on Wednesday [21 Aug 2019] that 2 El Centro residents have been infected with St Louis encephalitis (SLE) virus.
ICPHD says these are the 1st human cases of SLE reported in California this year [2019]. The 2 individuals who were infected, both middle-aged, were admitted to a hospital in late July [2019] with severe headache, fever, and nausea and were diagnosed with viral meningitis. All individuals are said to be home

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Armenia (02): (GR) cattle, human, OIE

Anthrax -- Armenia
Information received on [and dated] 22 Aug 2019 from Dr Georgi Avetisyan, head, Food Safety Inspection Body of the Government of the Republic of Armenia, e ARM Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 19 Aug 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 21 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: _Bacillus

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st Newport - USA (02): MDR, USA beef, Mexican cheese

Salmonella -- United States
In 2018, during an investigation of antibiotic-susceptible Newport infections that led to a USA ground beef recall (1), a genetically distinct group of MDR Newport isolates was identified. Isolates were classified as the outbreak strain if they fell within the MDR clade (0-11 alleles by core genome multilocus sequence typing [cgMLST]); isolates were identified using PulseNet, the national subtyping network for foodborne bacterial disease surveillance. A case was defined as isolation of the

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Thursday 22 August 2019

PRO/EDR> Botulism - Canada (03): salmon caviar, risk, recall

Botulism -- Canada
Last week [week of Mon 12 Aug 2019], Kananaskistrade grained salmon caviar was recalled from the marketplace as the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) urged consumers to not eat the product because of concerns about botulism poisoning. The CFIA has posted an updated recall that includes additional product information, specifically that "all units sold up to and including 20 Aug 2019" are implicated in the recall. "This additional information was identified during the Canadian Food

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (32): (MO) mandatory food handler vacc

Hepatitis A -- United States
A Missouri county has imposed mandatory hepatitis A vaccinations for food handlers. Franklin County, Missouri, joins a handful of jurisdictions across the country with mandatory hepatitis A vaccine programs aimed at preventing further cases. This development is part of a larger trend aimed at expanding vaccinations for hepatitis A and addressing future outbreaks of the disease.
Hepatitis A is a contagious liver disease that can cause symptoms ranging from fever to jaundice and, in extreme

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PRO/EDR> Dengue/DHF update (18): Americas

Dengue -- Worldwide/Unknown
Cases by Country / Week updated, ending [w/e] / Serotype / Total / Confirmed / Severe / Deaths
North America
USA / 32 [week ending 9 Aug 2019] / D? / 244 / 255 / 5 / 0
Central America and Mexico
Belize / 16 [w/e 19 Apr 2019] / D? / 647 / 90 / 0 / 0
Cost Rica / 30 [w/e 26 Jul 2019] / D1,2 / 2849 / 0 / 0 / 0
El Salvador / 31 [w/e 2 Aug 2019] / D2 / 10 800 / 0 / 0 / 5
Guatemala / 30 / [w/e 26 Jul 2019] / D1,2,3,4 / 12 081 / 0 / 45 / 34
Honduras / 25 [w/e 2 Aug 2019] / D1,2 / 49 326 / 0

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PRO/AH> African swine fever - Asia (64): Philippines (RI) domestic, not

African Swine Fever -- Philippines
The Department of Agriculture (DA) said on [Wed 21 Aug 2019] that there is no outbreak of African swine fever [ASF] in the country, after confirming that there have been incidents of hog mortality in some areas. In a press briefing, DA spokesperson Noel Reyes said the DA has yet to identify the real cause of death of the pigs, pending confirmatory laboratory tests. [He explained] that all pigs within the one km [about 0.62 mi] radius from the virus' ground zero were culled.
He also assured

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PRO/AH> Lumpy skin disease - India: (OR) cattle, susp, RFI

Lumpy Skin Disease -- India
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) of cattle, locally known as "Go-Basant" [see comment], has triggered panic among people of Nischintakoili, Salepur, Mahanga, and Cuttack Sadar blocks. Over 2000 cattle have been affected in the 4 blocks. The highly infectious viral disease was 1st noticed in bordering areas of Nischintakoili block about a fortnight back and had affected some cows of farmers. Later it spread to other parts of the district.
The disease, characterised by appearance of skin nodules, has

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (31): (Las Vegas)

Hepatitis A -- United States
Health officials in Las Vegas are using the word "outbreak" to describe a sharp spike in hepatitis A cases reported mostly among homeless people and drug users. The Southern Nevada Health District reported on Wednesday [14 Aug 2019] that from November [2018] to June [2019] it tallied 83 cases of the virus that causes liver damage and can lead to death.
That's far more than the 58 cases reported in 2016, 2017, and 2018, combined. The district says more than 80% of reported patients were

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PRO/AH/EDR> E. coli EHEC - USA (18): (MN) lake swimming

E. coli -- United States
There have now been 69 people to have fallen sick from the _Escherichia coli_ outbreak at Lake Nokomis. Health officials put out an alert earlier this month [August 2019] after 3 children became sick with the bug after swimming at the lake, prompting the closure of both its beaches.
The Minnesota Department of Health said on Friday [16 Aug 2019] it had received 49 confirmed cases of _E. coli_-related illness since the outbreak, and on Tuesday [20 Aug 2019] revealed that this number had

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus (25): Europe (Germany) wild bird, OIE

West Nile Virus -- Germany
Information received on [and dated] 20 Aug 2019 from Dr Dietrich Rassow, director for animal health and animal welfare, chief veterinary officer, directorate of animal health and animal welfare, Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture, Berlin, Germany
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 13 Aug 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 16 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 24 Sep

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PRO/EDR> Dengue/DHF update (17): Asia, Pacific, Europe, Africa

Dengue -- Sri Lanka


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PRO/AH/EDR> Infectious hypodermal & hematopoietic necrosis - UK: shrimp, OIE

Other Animal Disease -- United Kingdom
Information received on 20 Aug 2019 from Dr Christine Middlemiss, chief veterinary officer, DEFRA (Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs) London, United Kingdom
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 15 Jul 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 13 Aug 2019
Report date: 19 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease in the country
Causal agent: infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus [IHHNV]
Nature

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PRO/AH/EDR> Aflatoxin - Tanzania: (DO,MY)

Poisoning -- Tanzania
A suspected aflatoxicosis outbreak is being reported in Tanzania. The World Health Organization (WHO) was informed of the situation by the Ministry of Health in late June 2019. Since 1 Jun 2019, sporadic cases presented with symptoms and signs of abdominal distention, jaundice, vomiting, swelling of lower limbs, with a few cases of fever and headache, from Dodoma and Manyara Regions in Tanzania. As of 11 Aug 2019, a total of 53 cases and 8 deaths have been reported from Chemba, Kondoa and

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PRO/AH/EDR> Powassan virus encephalitis - USA (04): (MA)

Powassan virus -- United States
Tasting the salty hints of summer coming through, JS just had a few more days left of school before classes no longer disrupted her riding schedule. The 11 year old had big plans for her 2 ponies, Land's End Lady Slipper and Sparkle, that included the Vermont Summer Festival, Lake Placid (New York) and the USEF Pony Finals (Kentucky). [After school on] Mon 20 May [2019] she found her way to CK and CK's farm.
On Tue 21 May [2019], JS came home from a field trip with a headache and a fever.

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Wednesday 21 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Listeriosis - Europe (07): (Spain) meat, recall, fatal

Listeriosis -- Spain
Health authorities in Spain are on high alert after a 90 year old woman died amid a listeria outbreak in the southern region of Andalusia that has affected more than 110 people.
Jose Miguel Cisneros, director of the infectious disease department at Seville's Virgen del Rocio Hospital, on Tuesday [20 Aug 2019] announced the 1st casualty since the outbreak was declared on 15 Aug [2019]. Authorities have closed the pork meat supplier's plant and recalled all of its products. Cisneros said

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PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - North America: Canada (ON), USA (LA,NY)

Encephalitis -- Canada
On 10 Aug 2019, the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA) was notified of a confirmed case of eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) in a horse located in the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville. The unvaccinated mare was euthanized following the sudden onset and progression of neurological signs. Laboratory diagnostic testing confirmed infection with the EEE virus (EEEv).
EEE is not transmissible from horses to people. Effective equine vaccines for EEE are

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Asia (15): Pakistan (SD,BA)

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever -- Pakistan
One more case of Congo virus [has been] reported in Karachi as a young boy was diagnosed with the disease after being admitted at a hospital in Nazimabad area, ARY News reported on Sunday [18 Aug 2019]. Doctors confirmed that the 17 year old boy, named as [QS] who is [a] resident of Sohrab Goth and worked at a dairy farm, was diagnosed with Congo virus during the initial medical examination tests.
It is pertinent to mention here that the 1st case of Congo virus was reported on [11 Feb 2019]

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - Australia: (AC,NS) Korean community

Hepatitis A -- Australia
Australian Capital Territory (ACT) health officials are investigating a cluster of hepatitis A cases in Canberra's South Korean community. There have been 8 cases of the virus in the ACT and Sydney since June 2019. The cluster of cases comes as South Korea experiences a large outbreak of the virus, with more than 11 000 cases reported in the country in 2019.
ACT Health said it was working with its counterparts in New South Wales to investigate the cause of the outbreak. An ACT Health

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (57)

Measles -- United States
From 1 Jan to 15 Aug 2019, 1203 individual cases of measles have been confirmed in 30 states (note: case count is preliminary and subject to change). This is an increase of 21 cases from the previous week. This is the greatest number of cases reported in the USA since 1992 and since measles was declared eliminated in 2000.
- Measles can cause serious complications. As of 15 Aug 2019, 124 of the people who got measles this year (2019) were hospitalized, and 64 reported having complications,

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Europe (41): Ukraine, domestic, wild boar, update, OIE

African Swine Fever -- Ukraine
Kiev: event started 16 Oct 2016. A total of 20 outbreaks (submitted) reported to date (20 Jul 2019). The event is continuing, with the last follow-up report no. 17 provided on 13 May 2019.
Total animals affected:
Species / Susceptible / Cases / Deaths / Killed and disposed of / Slaughtered
Swine / 11 507 / 62 / 62 / 11 450 / 0
--
communicated by:
ProMED-mail

******
[2] Donetsk: domestic swine and wild boar
Date: Tue 20 Aug 2019
Source: OIE, WAHIS (World Animal Health

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PRO/AH> African swine fever - Europe (40): Bulgaria (PZ) wild boar, spread

African Swine Fever -- Bulgaria
A 2nd outbreak of African swine fever [ASF] has been registered in Alabak State [Hunting] Enterprise, Pazardzhik regional governor Stefan Mirev said after a meeting of the Regional Epizootic Commission, Focus Radio - Pazardzhik reported.
Mirev said a sample of a 2nd dead pig found in the Velingrad region on the territory of Alabak State [hunting] Enterprise tested positive. "It is the 2nd outbreak of ASF in the region of Velingrad. At the meeting, we made a thorough analysis and discussed

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Tuesday 20 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Kazakhstan (03): (AM) cattle, human, OIE

Anthrax -- Kazakhstan
Information received on [and dated] 19 Aug 2019 from Dr Tursyn Kabduldanov, deputy chairman, Committee for Veterinary Control and Supervision, Ministry of Agriculture, Astana, Kazakhstan
Summary:
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 12 Aug 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 16 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: _Bacillus anthracis_
Nature of diagnosis: clinical,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Armenia: (GR) cattle, human

Anthrax -- Armenia
A total of 5 people from Armenia's Gegharkunik Province have been diagnosed with anthrax, the Ministry of Healthcare said in a news release.
According to the healthcare ministry two villagers from Geghhovit (Martuni region, Gegharkunik) sought medical treatment in the local hospital for what appeared to be the skin form of anthrax. The patients told the medics that a few days earlier they had slaughtered cattle in the village.
Experts from the Healthcare Ministry's National Center for

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (30): CDC

Hepatitis A -- United States
Since March 2017, CDC's Division of Viral Hepatitis (DVH) has been assisting multiple state and local health departments with hepatitis A outbreaks, spread through person-to-person contact.
The hepatitis A vaccine is the best way to prevent HAV infection.
The following groups are at highest risk for acquiring HAV infection or developing serious complications from HAV infection in these outbreaks and should be offered the hepatitis A vaccine in order to prevent or control an outbreak:
-

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (81): Congo DR (NK,IT) cases, summaries, response

Ebola -- DR Congo
Since the beginning of the epidemic, the cumulative number of cases is 2861, of which 2767 are confirmed and 94 probable. In total, there have been 1921 deaths (1827 in confirmed and 94 in probable cases) and 849 people have recovered.
- 360 suspected cases under investigation;
- 9 new confirmed cases, including 5 in North Kivu, including 3 in Beni, 1 in Kalunguta and 1 in Musienene, 2 in Ituri in Mambasa and 2 in South Kivu in Mwenga;
- 8 new confirmed deaths, including 5 in North Kivu, 1

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PRO/AH/EDR> La Crosse encephalitis - USA: (OH)

La Crosse Encephalitis -- United States
A 7 year old girl from Mt Vernon, Ohio has been infected with a rare mosquitoborne virus that, in severe cases, can cause encephalitis, or an inflammation of the brain. The girl, who was not identified, has been confirmed to have La Crosse virus (LACV), local news outlet Knox Pages reported, citing the Knox County Health Department. It wasn't immediately clear where or when the girl was infected.
La Crosse virus is typically caused by a bite from an infected eastern tree-hole mosquito

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PRO/AH> Die-off, apis - Brazil: pesticides susp

Animal Die-off -- Brazil
More than half a billion bees dropped dead in Brazil within just 3 months, according to Bloomberg. Researchers say the main cause of death is pesticides, which could end up affecting more than the bees. As some of the most integral pollinators in nature, bees contribute to the reproduction of various plants. About 75% of the world's crops depend on pollination by bees, the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) reports. FAO has warned about the importance of protecting bees to

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PRO/AH/EDR> Rift Valley fever - Mayotte (15): fewer cases, human, cattle

Rift Valley Fever -- Région d'outre-mer de Mayotte, France
Since the beginning of the circulation of the Rift Valley fever [RVF] virus in Mayotte, at the end of November 2018, 143 human cases have been reported to the ARS [regional health agency; Agence Régionale de Santé] by the CHM [Mayotte hospital centre; Centre Hospitalier de Mayotte] laboratory, and 126 animal foci have been reported. As soon as the 1st cases arrived, preventive measures and vector control measures had been put in place on the island in order to limit the spread of the disease

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PRO/PL> Potato mop-top virus - New Zealand

Other Plant Disease -- New Zealand
A potato virus that has the potential to affect crop production has been found to be widespread, meaning eradication is impossible. The potato mop-top virus (PMTV) was discovered in Canterbury in 2018 [ProMED-mail post http://bit.ly/2P2pOhD]. It was the 1st time the virus had been found in New Zealand.
A national survey to determine the extent of the disease has now been completed, confirming it has spread throughout the country. Biosecurity New Zealand response to

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PRO/PL> Panama disease TR4, banana - Americas (02): (Colombia) conf

Other Plant Disease -- Colombia
Colombia has declared a national state of emergency following confirmation that a dreaded fungus has appeared in the country's banana plantations, making this the 1st time Fusarium wilt tropical race 4 (TR4) has appeared in Latin America. The finding has put the whole region on alert. In 2015, Randy Ploetz, University of Florida, had said that it was possible it was already there. Wageningen University [& Research, WUR] in the Netherlands used molecular diagnostics to confirm TR4 in

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PRO/AH/EDR> Infectious hypodermal & hematopoietic necrosis - Canada: (AB) shrimp, OIE

Other Animal Disease -- Canada
Information received on [and dated] 16 Aug 2019 from Dr Jaspinder Komal, deputy chief veterinary officer, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Canada
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 14 Jun 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 14 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease in the country
Causal agent: infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus [IHHNV]
Nature of diagnosis: laboratory (advanced)
This

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Monday 19 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - India (08): (OR) cattle, human, toxic mushrooms

Anthrax -- India
Here is food for thought for the state's powers-that-be. Due to lack of access to cheap protein, poor, backward and tribal districts in the state are turning to wild mushrooms and dead cattle/goat meat, which is leading to a rise in food poisoning and anthrax cases in Odisha.
Though the Odisha Government has launched with much fanfare the Odisha Food Security Act with an objective to ensure food security of 34 lakh [3 400 000] more families, a reality check reveals how many villages in the

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PRO/AH> African swine fever - Asia (63): Philippines (RI) domestic, 1st rep, susp

African Swine Fever -- Philippines
The [Philippines] Department of Agriculture (DA) has ordered the culling of hogs in an unidentified area to contain what could be the entry of the African swine fever (ASF) virus in the country. In a press conference on Monday [19 Aug 2019], agriculture secretary William Dar neither confirmed nor denied reports that the ASF virus has infected hogs raised in Rizal, but noted that the agency received an incident report on Friday [16 Aug 2019] "on an increased mortality of pigs raised by farmers

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Kazakhstan (02): (AM) cattle, human

Anthrax -- Kazakhstan
A total of 4 anthrax cases have been confirmed in the Akmola region, reports the health care department. "Up to [now] 5 [suspected cases of] anthrax have been recorded; lab tests have confirmed 4. The cause of contamination was cow butchering without a veterinary certificate in a private yard," said the interlocutor.
"Epidemiological situation in the Akmola region and Nur-Sultan is stable," said the department. "The situation is being constantly monitored by the committee," said Ludmila

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PRO/AH/EDR> Spotted fever - Germany: Rickettsia aeschlimannii via hyalomma tick

Other Human Disease -- Germany
The University of Hohenheim and the Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology [IMB] have detected spotted fever in a hyalomma tick, the 1st time such a tick is suspected to have caused disease in a human in Germany.
This tick feeds on humans and can transmit a form of spotted fever in Germany. What were still unanswered questions about the tropical giant tick hyalomma is now certainty. At the beginning of August [2019], it was suspected that for the 1st time, a human in Germany had contracted a

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PRO/PL> Fungal foot rot, rice - India: (PB)

Other Plant Disease -- India
The Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) has warned farmers across Punjab against the attack of foot rot disease in basmati [varieties of] rice. According to Dr Narinder Singh, foot rot is an important disease of basmati rice. After transplanting in the field, infected plants are killed after a few days. Pinkish growth of the fungus appears on the lower sheaths.
Dr Singh said the crop remains free from this disease if farmers have followed the seed and root dip treatment of nursery

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PRO/PL> Undiagnosed disease, rice - Sri Lanka: (RN)

Undiagnosed -- Sri Lanka
Seventy acres of paddy crops in Balangoda [Ratnapura district] have been infected with an unidentified disease. The farmers state that due to the disease, all the paddy heads turn white, rendering it inconsumable. They noted that the disease had destroyed their crops and they are left helpless. They requested the officials to look into the matter and provide a solution.
The Balangoda Agrarian Center has already informed the Bathalagoda Rice Research and Development Institute (RRDI)

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Sunday 18 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (08): (MA)

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- United States
The Massachusetts Department of Public Health has confirmed a 2nd human case of eastern equine encephalitis [EEE] in the state on Friday [16 Aug 2019]. Officials also raised the risk level for EEE to "critical" in 10 more towns in central and eastern Massachusetts.
The department said the new EEE case is in a man between the ages of 19-30 in Grafton. As a result, Grafton, Hopkinton, Northbridge, Shrewsbury, Southboro, Upton, and Westboro are all at "critical risk" for EEE.
The wife of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Potomac horse fever - USA (MA) horse

Rickettsia -- United States
The Massachusetts Department of Agricultural Resources (MDAR) has confirmed 2 cases of Potomac horse fever (PHF), one in Essex County and one in Norfolk County.
The Norfolk County horse, whose age, gender, breed, and vaccination status were not reported, presented on 16 Jul 2019 with clinical signs including being "off feed" and uncomfortable -- signs generally associated with mild colic -- followed by fever and diarrhea. Veterinarians diagnosed the horse with PHF the following day. The

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (56)

Measles -- Worldwide/Unknown
Measles is a highly contagious viral disease for which no treatment exists. The only way to fight it is vaccination and treatment of the symptoms in the hope that the patient will be strong enough to naturally fight off the infection.
The measles epidemic declared in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) on 10 Jun 2019 is the deadliest the country has experienced since 2011-2012. Between January and early August 2019, over 145 000 people have been infected, and 2758 have died. Since July

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis E - USA: (NY) susp. Mexican basil, RFI

Hepatitis E -- United States


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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (29): (NJ) golf club, food handler related

Hepatitis A -- United States
An outbreak of hepatitis A with 23 confirmed cases has been traced to a food handler who worked in the kitchen of a private Morris County country club, state officials said on Thu 15 Aug 2019. One infected individual remained "seriously ill" on Thu 15 Aug 2019, according to New Jersey Department of Health spokeswoman Donna Leusner.
Patrons of the Mendham Golf and Tennis Club are anxiously awaiting a Mon 19 Aug 2019 deadline for the incubation period to pass for the infectious liver disease,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - Namibia: (CA) cattle, not typed, OIE

Foot and Mouth -- Namibia
Information received on [and dated] 15 Aug 2019 from Dr Adrianatus Florentius Maseke, Chief Veterinary Officer, Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Water and Forestry, Windhoek, Namibia
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 8 Aug 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 12 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 13 Feb 2018
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Foot and

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Saturday 17 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Newcastle disease - USA (11): (CA) chickens, feed store

Newcastle Disease -- United States
California Department of Food & Agriculture (CDFA) state veterinarian Dr. Annette Jones disclosed on 15 Aug 2019 that ongoing surveillance and testing in the virulent Newcastle disease (VND) outbreak in Southern California resulted in the detection of a new case on 14 Aug 2019 at a retail feed store in western San Bernardino County.
Jones said this is the 1st detection of VND since 4 Jun 2019. She noted staff members from CDFA and the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) discovered the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (06): horse

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- United States
Veterinarians have euthanized a 3-year-old Arabian-cross gelding in Sumter County, South Carolina, after he tested positive for Eastern equine encephalomyelitis (EEE). Clemson Livestock Poultry Health stated that this is South Carolina's 3rd case in 2019. Clemson officials announced the state's 1st confirmed case, in Chesterfield County, on 23 Jul 2019.
Only one horse in South Carolina, also in Chesterfield County, was confirmed positive for EEE in 2018.
EEE is a viral disease that

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PRO/AH/EDR> Vesicular stomatitis - USA (13): (CO, TX) more cases

Vesicular Stomatitis -- United States
Grand County has its 1st case of the vesicular stomatitis virus, a viral disease affecting numerous horses along the Front Range and in other states.
The Grand County CSU [Colorado State University] extension office warned of a suspected case of the virus in a horse last week [week of Mon 29 Jul 2019] when it sent an email blast to its members asking them to take precautions against the spread of the virus. The email detailed how the horse, which had recently attended an equine event in

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PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Americas (33): USA (NV)

Hantavirus -- United States
A south Reno resident contracted [a] hantavirus [infection], a sometimes deadly disease typically spread by deer mice, the Washoe District Health Department reported Thursday [15 Aug 2019]. It's the 1st Washoe County case since 2 were reported in 2017.
The condition of the person was not reported.
The disease is spread by inhaling or touching particles with the virus. "This typically occurs when working or recreating in areas where mouse droppings, urine, or saliva may have collected or

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PRO/AH/EDR> Classical swine fever - Russia (02): (PR) wild boar, OIE

Classical Swine Fever -- Russia
Information received on [and dated] 15 Aug 2019 from Dr Nikolay Vlasov, deputy head, Federal Service for Veterinary and Phytosanitary Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture, Moscow, Russia
Summary
Report type: immediate notification (final report)
Date of start of the event: 10 Jul 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 10 Jul 2019
Report date: 15 Aug 2019
Date submitted to OIE: 15 Aug 2019
Date event resolved: 11 Jul 2019
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date

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PRO/AH/EDR> Listeriosis - Europe (06): (Spain) meat, recall, alert

Listeriosis -- Spain
Spanish authorities have linked an outbreak of _Listeria_ [infection] that has affected more than 40 people to a brand of meat. La Consejeria de Salud y Familias de la Junta de Andalucia [The Ministry of Health and Families of Andalucia] reported those ill lived in Seville and Huelva and became sick in the past 3 weeks.
The agency connected illnesses to the product by interviewing patients. It has a commercial name of "La Mecha" and is made by the company Magrudis, based in Seville. The

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PRO/AH/EDR> Equine infectious anemia - North America (13): USA (OK, AZ, WI) horse

Equine Infectious Anemia -- United States
A 2-year-old grade gelding in Oklahoma was euthanized on [15 Jul 2019], after testing positive for equine infectious anemia (EIA), according to [an] Equine Disease Communication Center report released on [26 Jul 2019].
[Byline: Michelle N. Anderson]
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail from HealthMap Alerts

******
[2] Arizona
Date: Thu 8 Aug 2019
Source: The Horse [edited]

A recently gathered wild burro at the Bureau of Land Management's (BLM) Florence, Arizona, facility

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PRO/AH/EDR> Cyclosporiasis - USA (05): imported basil, Mexico

Foodborne Illness -- United States
An outbreak of illness [cyclosporiasis] linked to basil imported from Mexico has sickened 120 people in New Jersey and more than 500 in other states since May (2019).
A microscopic parasite, known as _Cyclospora_, appears to have contaminated basil exported by Siga Logistics de RL de CV, in Morelos, Mexico. The company has voluntarily recalled its basil, according to the federal Food and Drug Administration, which is increasing its screening of the imported herb.
You should not buy, eat

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PRO/AH/EDR> Leishmaniasis, visceral - Kenya (02): (MB)

Leishmaniasis -- Kenya
Kenya is reporting a large outbreak of the parasitic disease, visceral leishmaniasis (Kala Azar). Since January through the 1st week of August (2019), a total of 1986 cases of leishmaniasis have been reported from Marsabit, Wajir and Garissa counties. Marsabit County has been hit the hardest, reporting 1716 suspected cases with 19 deaths. Overall in Kenya, 27 deaths have been recorded.
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease found in parts of the tropics, subtropics, and southern Europe.

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PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (06): (NJ)

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- United States
New Jersey's Health Department has confirmed its 1st case of Eastern equine encephalitis in a human this summer [2019]. The department says an elderly Somerset County man was hospitalized, but has since been discharged for continued rehabilitation care.
Most people infected by the mosquito-borne illness have no apparent signs. But health officials say severe cases involving an inflammation of the brain begin with the sudden onset of headaches, high fevers, chills and vomiting. The illness

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PRO/AH/EDR> Strangles - UK: (England) horse, alert

Strangles -- United Kingdom
Richmond Equestrian Centre in North Yorkshire has cancelled all upcoming events, including its British Eventing fixture, after a case of strangles on its livery yard. Richmond Horse Trials (2) was due to take place on [30 Aug to 1 Sep 2019].
Co-owner Abigail Turner told H&H they were devastated to announce the cancellation of the BE event, but emphasised "horse welfare comes first".
"The vet came out to a livery's horse on Tuesday [13 Aug 2019] which had a slightly snotty nose and

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (62): Laos (PH, HO, XI) domestic, spread, OIE

African Swine Fever -- Laos
Information received on [and dated] 16 Aug 2019 from Dr. Vilayphone Vorraphim, Director General, Department of Livestock and Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane, Laos
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 8 Jul 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 13 Jul 2019
Report date: 16 Aug 2019
Date submitted to OIE: 16 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: Clinical

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Friday 16 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Tuberculosis, XDR: pretomanid, 6-mo 3-drug oral regimen, FDA approved

Tuberculosis -- Worldwide/Unknown
The trial [a South African patient] joined was small -- it enrolled only 109 patients -- but experts are calling the preliminary results groundbreaking. The drug regimen tested on [her] has shown a 90% success rate against a deadly plague, extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis.
On Wednesday [14 Aug 2019], the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) effectively endorsed the approach, approving the newest of the 3 drugs used in the regimen. Usually, the World Health Organization adopts approvals

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PRO/AH/EDR> Equine influenza - Mali: (SG) donkey, morbidity & mortality, lab confirmed

Equine Influenza -- Mali
Equine influenza has been identified as the respiratory disease that claimed the lives of nearly 60 000 donkeys in West Africa earlier this year [2019].
Despite the huge number of animals being affected, there was initially no formal diagnosis for the disease [sic; see commentary]. Many countries declared the outbreak to be the common respiratory infection strangles. But veterinarians from the international animal charity Spana noticed that the outbreak that swept through Mali and other

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PRO/EDR> Poliomyelitis update (68): global WPV and cVDPV, Benin 1st report

Polio -- Pakistan
New wild poliovirus cases isolates reported this week:
AFP cases: 5
Environment: 8
Total number of wild poliovirus cases in 2019: 65
Total number of wild poliovirus cases in 2018: 33
New cVDPV isolates reported this week:
AFP cases: 7
Environment: 1
Others: 5
Total number of cVDPV cases (all types) in 2019: 51
Total number of cVDPV cases (all types) in 2018: 104
Headlines
Summary of new viruses this week:
Afghanistan -- 3 wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1)-positive

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (80): Congo DR (NK, IT) cases, summaries, therapeutics, response

Ebola -- DR Congo


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PRO/PL> Undiagnosed disease, fig - Iraq: (DA)

Undiagnosed -- Iraq
Local officials and farmers in Akre, Duhok province, warn that an unknown disease will ravage this year's [2019] fig harvest, destroying almost half of the area's crops. On average, 3600 tons of figs are produced in Akre every year, but this figure is set to drop by 45%, Akre agriculture department [said].
A farmer [said], "There is no product. All the [figs] have fallen. I have sprayed the trees with pesticides twice, but it seems to be ineffective." Some of his figs have already yellowed

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Thursday 15 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Heartland virus - USA: (IL)

-- United States
Last summer (2018), a Kankakee County resident tested positive for Heartland virus, the 1st case reported in Illinois (see ProMED-mail archive Heartland virus - USA: (IL) http://bit.ly/2Zg8p9r). In response to this human case, the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH) collaborated with the Illinois Natural History Survey Medical Entomology Laboratory (INHS MEL) and Kankakee County Health Department to conduct the 1st environmental health investigation to a novel

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PRO/EDR> Diphtheria - India (02): (TN) fatal

Diphtheria -- India
In early July [2019], 2 children from Sathyamangalam in Tamil Nadu's Erode district succumbed to diphtheria. Around this time, several other cases of diphtheria were being reported from the state. The latest information shows that at least 50 people have been admitted to the Coimbatore Medical College and Hospital with diphtheria.
Health officials in the state have begun stepping up measures to ensure that the spread of the disease is contained and that more people are vaccinated. The

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PRO/AH/EDR> Japanese encephalitis & other - India (26): (AR) pigs

Japanese Encephalitis -- India
About 15% of the blood samples collected from pigs in 5 districts have tested positive for Japanese encephalitis (JE).
Of the 179 blood samples collected from pigs in East Siang, Upper Subansiri, West Siang, Lohit and Longding, 28 have tested positive for JE, the Animal Husbandry, Veterinary & Dairy Development department said in a press statement.
The department conducted the survey recently to detect the possible presence of an antibody against the JE virus in the pig population of the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Turkey (02): comment

Hantavirus -- Turkey
If one of the 4 novel hantaviruses recently found in Turkey, namely Tula Hantavirus (TULV) Palandoken indeed causes hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), as mentioned in the statement of Professor Mehmet Ali Oktem of Dokuz Eylul University's Medical Virology Department, this would be highly interesting, because the pathogenicity of TULV is still a matter of debate.
The recent confirmation by RT-PCR of a TULV-induced HFRS case in France [1], confirms the pathogenicity of this

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PRO/AH/EDR> E. coli EHEC - USA (17): (MN) lake swimming

E. coli -- United States
[Minnesota] state health officials said [Tue 13 Aug 2019], 3 children are sick from _E. coli_ bacteria after swimming in a Minneapolis lake. The children have tested positive for the same strain of _E. coli_ after swimming at Lake Nokomis beaches between [26 Jul and 2 Aug 2019]. 2 beaches of the lake are closed until further notice, the Minnesota Department of Health said. The children, all under the age of 10, were not hospitalized.
Minneapolis Park Board Superintendent Al Bangoura said

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Wednesday 14 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Madagascar (02): (AV) bubonic

Plague -- Madagascar
In Madagascar, the plague season has started. The 1st 3 cases of bubonic plague have just been recorded 50 km west of the capital. No deaths have occurred for the moment, but the Ministry of Health is watching. As every year, awareness campaigns have started. The goal: to prevent the spread of epidemics like that of 2017, the black year, which had more than 200 victims and 2400 people infected by the bacterium throughout the Malagasy territory.
"Do not repeat the mistakes of the past" is

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PRO> Arsenic poisoning - France: children, infants

Poisoning -- France
38 children in France, including babies, living near what was once Europe's largest gold mine have tested positive for arsenic poisoning.
Children in the Orbiel Valley, in the southern department of Aude, were examined when families became concerned that flooding in October last year [2018] had carried arsenic and heavy metals from the nearby Salsigne mine.
After testing 103 children aged under 11 years, the Occitanie Regional Health Agency confirmed on Tue [13 Aug 2019] that 38 of them

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PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Africa (11): Nigeria (EB)

Yellow Fever -- Nigeria
The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) is aware of a suspected outbreak of yellow fever in Ebonyi state and has had a rapid response team supporting Ebonyi state's response since [Tue 30 Jul 2019], in partnership with the World Health Organization (WHO).
Following a report of cases and deaths from fever of unknown origin in Izzi local government area (LGA) in Ebonyi state, the state public health team commenced an investigation. As at [Wed 31 Jul 2019], 3 cases had tested positive

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (55)

Measles -- Worldwide/Unknown
Monthly measles and rubella monitoring report August 2019; period covered: 1 Jul 2018-30 Jun 2019
Introduction. The monitoring report is based on measles [and rubella - not reported here - Mod.LK] data from the European Surveillance System (TESSy) for 1 Jul 2018-30 Jun 2019.
Since the previous monthly measles update in the Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) published on 19 Jul 2019, updates have been provided for 14 EU/EEA countries: Austria, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Tularemia - Sweden (02): alert

Tularemia -- Sweden
In Sweden, mosquitoes are considered the major vectors of the bacterium _Francisella tularensis_ subsp. _holarctica_, which causes tularemia. The aim of this study was to investigate whether mosquitoes acquire the bacterium as aquatic larvae and transmit the disease as adults. Mosquitoes sampled in a Swedish area where tularemia is endemic (Orebro) were positive for the presence of _F. tularensis_ deoxyribonucleic acid throughout the summer. Presence of the clinically relevant _F. tularensis_

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Asia (61): Myanmar (SH) domestic, 1st rep, OIE

African Swine Fever -- Myanmar
Information received on [and dated] 14 Aug 2019 from Dr Ye Tun Win, Chief Veterinary Officer Director General, Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 1 Aug 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 9 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: 1st occurrence of a listed disease in the country
Causal agent: African swine fever virus
Nature of diagnosis: clinical,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (05): (MA)

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- United States
A man in Massachusetts has been infected with a mosquito-borne virus called eastern equine encephalitis (EEE), health officials confirmed [Sat 10 Aug 2019]. It's the 1st human case reported in the state since 2013.
At least 9 towns are at "critical risk" of exposure to the rare but potentially fatal virus, which can cause brain swelling, according to the Massachusetts Department of Public Health.
It's the latest in a series of warnings from state officials about the virus, which has been

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PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Europe (39): Moldova (CS) domestic, spread, OIE

African Swine Fever -- Worldwide/Unknown
Information received on [and dated] 13 Aug 2019 from Dr Vitalie Caraus, Head of the Animal Health and Welfare Department, Animal Health and Welfare Department, National Food Safety Agency of the Republic of Moldova, Chisinau, Moldova
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 9 Aug 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 12 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 12 Nov 2017
Manifestation of disease:

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PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Americas (32): Bolivia (TR)

Hantavirus -- Bolivia
Soldier LC, who completed his military service in the Bolivian Condors School (ESCONBOL) in Sanadita, died of [a] hantavirus [infection], according to laboratory results issued this [Wed 31 Jul 2019] by the National Center for Tropical Diseases (CENETROP) of the Tarija Department of Health Service (SEDES).
The Chief of Epidemiology, Claudia Montenegro, confirmed that the conscript died from this disease that is transmitted by the long-tailed rat and that he had been infected in a forest

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Tuesday 13 August 2019

PRO/AH/EDR> Equine infectious anemia - North America (12): USA (MN, IN) horse

Equine Infectious Anemia -- United States
Three rare horse diseases were recently found in Otter Tail, Pine and Swift counties, according to the Minnesota Board of Animal Health. Recent testing shows equine infectious anemia (EIA) was found in Pine County.
Equine infectious anemia requires infected horses to be euthanized or quarantined for life due to lack of treatment or vaccine. It is not known to affect humans.
"This is also a high-risk time of year for horses to become infected with these diseases," said Dr. Courtney

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PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - Zambia (04): (SO) cattle, st pending

Foot and Mouth -- Zambia
Foot and mouth disease [FMD] has broken out in Shamabele area in Chikankata district of Southern province. And Ministry of Livestock officials in Southern province have with immediate effect closed the famous Turn Pike Bata Co-operative Society Abattoir following the outbreak of disease.
This has been confirmed by Bata Co-operative Society Chairperson for Hides and Beef Traders Association, Daniel Bweupe in an interview with the Zambia News and Information Services (ZANIS) in Chikankata

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (79): Congo DR (NK, IT) therapeutics, response, research

Ebola -- DR Congo
Two Ebola drugs have proven so effective in a clinical trial that researchers will make the treatments available to anyone infected with the virus in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), where Ebola has killed nearly 1900 people over the past year.
The survival rate for people who received either drug shortly after infection, when levels of the virus in their blood were low, was 90%.
"It's really good news," says Sabue Mulangu, an infectious-disease researcher at the National

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PRO/AH/EDR> Rabbit hemorrhagic disease - Ireland: wild rabbit

Other Animal Disease -- Ireland
Rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD) a disease which is fatal to rabbits and hares but of no risk to humans, has been confirmed in the wild in Ireland for the 1st time.
RHD causes death within a few days of infection, with sick animals having swollen eyelids, partial paralysis and bleeding from the eyes and mouth. In the latter states close to death, animals exhibit unusual behaviour such as emerging from cover into the open and convulsing or fitting before dying.
Irish domestic rabbits

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Canada: (NT) bison, no new cases

Anthrax -- Canada


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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Belarus: (BR) horse, OIE

Anthrax -- Belarus
Information received on [and dated] 12 Aug 2019 from Dr. Ivan Smilhin, Deputy Minister, Director, Veterinary and Food Supervision, Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Minsk, Belarus
Summary:
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 8 Aug 2019
Date of confirmation of the event: 10 Aug 2019
Reason for notification: First occurrence of a listed disease
Manifestation of disease: Clinical disease
Causal agent: _Bacillus anthracis_
Nature of diagnosis: Laboratory

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Nepal: (KT) buffalo, wildlife at risk

Anthrax -- Nepal
Anthrax spores have been detected in Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, a sanctuary to a huge population of protected species of wild buffaloes, raising alarm among conservationists. The finding came following the test of blood samples collected from dead cattle found in the reserve. Some 44 cattle were found dead in the grassland here on [Thu 8 Aug 2019].
Dr. Sanjaya Kumar Yadav of Livestock Disease Research Laboratory, Biratnagar, confirmed the bacteria in the dead animals. "Anthrax is a

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