Saturday 30 September 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus - Americas (14): USA (MI, OK, UT) equine

West Nile Virus -- United States
The Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development received confirmation of an unvaccinated, one-year-old Standardbred filly from Hillsdale County that tested positive for West Nile virus (WNV). The horse developed acute neurologic disease and was euthanized. No quarantines were issued.
This case brings the total number of reported cases of WNV in Michigan in 2017 to 14, one case from each of the following counties: Clinton, Hillsdale, Jackson, Livingston, Mecosta, Midland,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Rabies (41): Africa, Asia, animal, human

Rabies -- Worldwide/Unknown
Some 1500 people die annually from rabies in the United Republic of Tanzania alone, according to scientific estimates. Official numbers are lower, because many cases are not reported and not all reported cases appear in the official statistics. Most rabies victims are children and dog bites are the main path of transmission.
Rabies is an infectious disease of public health concern for the entire East African region and beyond. Against this backdrop, the EAC Secretariat supports the World

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PRO/EDR> Necrotizing fasciitis - USA: (TX) hurricane-related

-- United States
A 77-year-old Houston woman who contracted a "flesh-eating bacterium" when she fell in a flooded home has been added to Hurricane Harvey's official death toll. She died [Fri 15 Sep 2017] of necrotizing fasciitis, according to the Harris County Institute of Forensic Science, which reported that the dangerous skin condition resulted in complications related to "blunt trauma of an upper extremity."
The death is the county's 36th Harvey-related fatality.
She was a widowed community volunteer

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (38): (NY) MSM

Hepatitis A -- United States
Albany County recently has seen an increase in hepatitis A cases among men who have sex with other men, according to a county Department of Health public alert. The county has seen 11 cases of hepatitis A since early summer, according to Albany County DOH Commissioner Dr. Elizabeth Whalen. For comparison, there were 4 cases reported in 2016 and 2 in 2015.
Hepatitis A is a vaccine-preventable disease with symptoms that include fever, nausea and abdominal pain, followed by a few days of

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (107): Africa

Diarrhea -- Malawi
1. Guerrant RL, Carneiro-Filho BA and Dillingham RA. Cholera, diarrhea, and oral rehydration therapy: triumph and indictment. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;37(3):398-405; available at:
.
2. Gregorio GV, Gonzales ML, Dans LF and Martinez EG. Polymer-based oral rehydration solution for treating acute watery diarrhoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(2):CD006519. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006519.pub2; available at:
.
3. Gore SM, Fontaine O and Pierce NF. Impact of rice based oral rehydration solution

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus - Americas (12): USA (CA)

West Nile Virus -- United States
The chickens are used to the needles. They don't fuss when vector ecologist Tanya Posey pulls opens the door of a coop in a community garden here, firmly grasps a Leghorn, and pulls a blood sample out of its wing vein. She's so good, she can bleed a chicken in about 30 seconds. That's helpful, because she has a lot of chickens to test.
More than 6 dozen sentinel chickens, living in coops dotted around Los Angeles, make up one of the 1st lines of defense in this sprawling county's fight

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PRO/EDR> Dengue/DHF update (15): Asia, Pacific, Europe, diagnosis

Dengue -- Worldwide/Unknown
Guam
Europe
------
Portugal
[2] Diagnosis
******
[1]Cases in various countries
Asia
----
Sri Lanka
- National. 3 Sep 2017. The number of dengue cases reported so far this year [2017] in Sri Lanka exceeds 147 700, with more than 300 deaths, although the spread of the epidemic has receded in recent weeks, medical sources reported today [Sun 3 Sep 2017]. According to data published on its website, the Epidemiology unit of the Ministry of Health explained that in August [2017], 19

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PRO/EDR> Botulism - USA (13): (AK)

Botulism -- United States
"During 1985-2005, a total of 91 laboratory-confirmed outbreaks of foodborne botulism occurred in Canada; these outbreaks involved 205 cases and 11 deaths. Of the outbreaks, 75 (86.2 percent) were caused by _Clostridium botulinum_ type E, followed by types A (7/8.1 percent) and B (5/5.7 percent). Approximately 85 percent of the outbreaks occurred in Alaska Native communities, particularly the Inuit of Nunavik in northern Quebec and the First Nations population of the Pacific coast of British

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Friday 29 September 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> Influenza, swine - USA (10): (DE, MD) human, porcine at fair

Influenza -- United States
The Delaware Division of Public Health (DPH) announced today [Wed 27 Sep 2017] the state's 1st laboratory-confirmed case of a variant influenza virus (in this instance H3N2v) in a female Sussex County resident under age 18, who had close contact with pigs at a county fair in Maryland. The case is mild and the individual is recovering. No additional information will be released on the individual to protect her privacy.
Any individual who visited a Maryland County fair within the last 7 to 10

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - EU (04): MSM, ECDC report

Hepatitis A -- Worldwide/Unknown
Since the last rapid risk assessment on this multi-country hepatitis A outbreak, 19 EU/EEA countries (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom-England and Wales) have reported 1363 new outbreak-confirmed cases. Outbreak-confirmed cases are EU/EEA residents with laboratory-confirmed hepatitis A virus (HAV) genotype IA and a sequence with 99.3 percent

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PRO/EDR> Typhoid fever - Europe (02): alert

Typhoid -- Worldwide/Unknown
ECDC is monitoring this outbreak through EPIS FWD [Epidemic Intelligence Information System for food- and waterborne diseases and zoonoses] and through epidemic intelligence. A short summary of the latest information about this event is available on the ECDC Communicable Disease Threat Report of week 38/2017 (17-23 Sep 2017) and reports as of 21 Sep 2017 a total of 8 cases (France 3; Germany 2; Croatia 1; Italy 1; Czech Rep ) and 3 probable (Croatia). A new update will be published on [30 Sep

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PRO/AH/EDR> Toxic algae - USA (02): (RI) warning

Algae -- United States
The Rhode Island Department of Health and the state Department of Environmental Management issued a warning [Wed 27 Sep2017] over blue-green algae found in 3 locations.
The departments advised the public to avoid contact with 3 bodies of water in the state that can be harmful to health.
The 3 locations are Pleasure Lake in Roger Williams Park in Providence, Stafford Pond in Tiverton, and the J.L. Curran Reservoir in Cranston. The state agencies issued the warning because high levels of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Madagascar (07): fatal

Plague -- Madagascar
Pneumonic plague has been detected in several cities in Madagascar. It is a form of plague that is highly transmissible (person-to-person) and quickly causes death without treatment. WHO is concerned that the outbreak may spread because it is already present in several cities and this is just the start of the plague epidemic season, which usually runs from September to April.
Plague is endemic to Madagascar but contrary to past outbreaks, this one affects large urban areas, including the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Epizootic hemorrhagic disease - Canada: (ON) cervid

Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease -- Canada
A highly fatal disease of deer has been detected in Ontario. 2 white-tailed deer from London, Ontario were submitted to the Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative (Ontario-Nunavut Region) in early September [2017]. At [necropsy], both deer had systemic bleeding consistent with epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD). The National Centre for Foreign Animal Disease, Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) confirmed the presence of EHD virus serotype 2 using virus isolation and serotype specific PCR and

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st Typhimurium - Sweden (02): salami, alert, recall

Salmonella -- Sweden
Sweden now has 49 cases with this specific unusual MLVA- profile. The investigation is ongoing.
--
Cecilia Jernberg

[ProMED thanks Cecilia Jernberg for this updated information. - Mod.LL
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail map can be accessed at: .]
[See Also:
Salmonellosis, st Typhimurium - Sweden: salami, alert, recall, RFI http://bit.ly/2xQELJv
Salmonellosis, st Typhimurium - Norway (02): comment http://bit.ly/2fWCXoE
Salmonellosis, st Typhimurium

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st Typhimurium - Norway (03): comments

Salmonella -- Norway
Norwegian colleagues report that there is only 1 case in Norway with the same MLVA profile [as the cases in Sweden]. They are in dialogue with my Swedish colleagues and are going to interview this patient regarding any possible associations. As far as I understand the other cases in Norway are unrelated.
--
Ann Lindberg

******
[2]
Date: Fri 29 Sep 2017
Source: EpiCore Global Surveillance Project [edited]

The number of (diagnosed) cases in Norway has been low and geographically

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PRO/EDR> Conjunctivitis - Americas (10): Panama, Grenada, Mexico

Conjunctivitis -- Mexico
Rudy Coronado Bastarrachea, head of Sanitary Jurisdiction no. 2 (in Valladolid, Yucatán), reported that 300 cases of conjunctivitis have been recorded so far in their demarcation, more than twice as many as in the same period last year [2016], when 133 were registered.
The official added, "That number is without taking into account the non-reported cases."
He also remarked that in several communities where there are health modules there is no longer stock of ophthalmic chloramphenicol,

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PRO/AH/EDR> World Rabies Day 2017: eradication prospects discussed

Rabies -- Worldwide/Unknown
Against a backdrop of decades of neglect, the adoption of a firm goal to achieve zero human deaths due to canine rabies by 2030, which was initially set in 2013 and reaffirmed by all 180 World Organization for Animal Health member countries in 2016, provides the impetus for making a real global public health difference. With the effective tools at our disposal it is almost unconscionable that 59 000 people, many of whom are young children, are dying unnecessarily due to canine rabies each

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PRO/AH/EDR> Ebola update (37): news, research, funding

Ebola -- Liberia


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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st Enteritidis - Canada (02): frozen chicken products, RFI

Salmonella -- Canada
Currently, there are 13 cases of salmonellosis in 4 provinces: Ontario (7), Quebec (2), New Brunswick (2), and Nova Scotia (2). 4 people have been hospitalized. No deaths have been reported. Individuals became sick between June 2017 and August 2017. The average age of cases is 38 years (range 0-82 years), with approximately equal distribution among males and females. Based on the investigation findings to date, exposure to frozen raw breaded chicken products has been identified as a source of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian Influenza, human (73): Indonesia, H5N1, preventing human exposure, RFI

Avian Influenza H5N1 -- Indonesia


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Thursday 28 September 2017

PRO/EDR> Poliomyelitis update (27): global (Pakistan, Afghanistan), Syria

Polio -- Pakistan
As of 27-Sep-2017
New wild poliovirus cases reported this week: 1
Total number of wild poliovirus cases in 2017: 11
Total number of wild poliovirus cases in 2016: 37

New cVDPV cases reported this week: 0
Total number of cVDPV cases in 2017: 49
Total number of cVDPV cases in 2016: 5

Headlines
- Summary of newly-reported viruses this week: Pakistan: one new wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) case reported, in Lakki Marwat district, Khyber Pakhtoon province; 4 new WPV1-positive

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PRO/AH/EDR> Campylobacteriosis - USA (02): (WA) chicken liver pate, 2016

Campylobacter -- United States
On 13 Jul 2016, Clark County (Washington) Public Health (CCPH) received a report of diarrheal illness in 4 of 7 members of a single party who dined at a local restaurant on 6 Jul 2016. The report was received through an online/telephone system for reporting food service-associated illness complaints. Members of the 5 households in the party reported that their only shared exposure was the restaurant meal. CCPH ordered closure of the restaurant kitchen on 13 Jul 2016, and began an investigation

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (143): South Korea, H7N7, wild bird

Avian Influenza -- South Korea
A South Korean provincial government said Tuesday [26 Sep 2017] that the avian influenza (AI) virus had been found in bird excretions in the southern part of the country.in
The government of North Gyeongsang Province said the H7N7 strain of avian influenza was detected the excretions of wild birds in Yeongcheon, 344 kilometers south of Seoul.
The Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs will check to see if the virus is highly pathogenic by Friday though most of the H7N7-type

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PRO/AH/EDR> Japanese encephalitis and other - India (21): (MH)

Japanese Encephalitis -- India
Already struggling to rein in the rising number of dengue and chikungunya cases, residents must now gear up to combat another mosquito-borne disease; Japanese encephalitis (JE). Though pigs and wild birds are the primary carriers of the JE virus, it is transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito.
Recently, the doctors at D Y Patil hospital in Pimpri had sent the blood sample of a 49-year-old woman to National Institute of Virology (NIV) for tests, and the sample tested

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PRO/EDR> Scombroid fish poisoning - Europe (02): Spanish tuna

Poisoning -- Worldwide/Unknown
"Histamine poisoning results from the consumption of foods, typically certain types of fish and cheeses that contain unusually high levels of histamine. Spoiled fish of the families, Scombridae and Scomberesocidae (e.g. tuna, mackerel, bonito), are commonly implicated in incidents of histamine poisoning, which leads to the common usage of the term, "scombroid fish poisoning", to describe this illness. However, certain non-scombroid fish, most notably mahi-mahi, bluefish, and sardines, when

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st Typhimurium - Sweden: salami, alert, recall, RFI

Salmonella -- Sweden
A total of 30 cases of the unusual _Salmonella [enterica_ serotype] Typhimurium MLVA 3-19-11-N-311 have been reported since the end of August 2017. At first, the source of infection was unknown, but now the investigation has found links to a special salami, fuet and smoked fuet of the Zeta brand.
So far, 18 people of the total 30 infected have been interviewed and all but one have eaten from the aforementioned product. This has led Di Luca & Di Luca to recall the product.
Those who have

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Salami link to Swedish Salmonella illnesses

Swedish authorities are investigating a Salmonella outbreak that has sickened 30 people linked to salami.



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Recalls: Ergot alkaloids, acrylamide and glass

Food and beverage alerts were made by USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, England, Czech Republic, Finland, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Germany, Sweden and Denmark.



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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian pox - USA: (CA) pigeon, alert

Other Animal Disease -- United States
An identified case of a bird infected with avian pox in Long Beach has prompted Long Beach Animal Care Services (ACS) to urge the community to be on alert and protect pet birds and chickens against the virus.
"While avian pox cannot be transmitted to humans, dogs or cats, it can cause significant mortality in certain populations of birds, including flocks of chickens," Ted Stevens, manager of ACS, said in a statement today [25 Sep 2017].
The California Animal Health and Food Safety

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (37): (CA,UT) comparative statistics

Hepatitis A -- United States
State / 2011 / 2012 / 2013 / 2014 / 2015
no. (Rate) / no. (Rate) / no. (Rate) / no. (Rate) / no. (Rate)
Alabama / 8 (0.2) / 19 (0.4) / 10 (0.2) / 15 (0.3) / 23 (0.5)
Alaska / 4 (0.6) / 1 (0.1) / 1 (0.1) / 1 (0.1) / 4 (0.5)
Arizona / 77 (1.2) / 93 (1.4) / 66 (1.0) / 29 (0.4) / 54 (0.8)
Arkansas / 3 (0.1) / 8 (0.3) / 9 (0.3) / 2 (0.1) / 10 (0.3)
California / 186 (0.5) / 209 (0.5) / 255 (0.7) / 142 (0.4) / 179 (0.5)
Colorado / 21 (0.4) / 28 (0.5) / 51 (1.0) / 23 (0.4) / 25

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (106): Asia (Yemen) new record

Cholera -- Yemen
Yemen's 5-month old cholera crisis is now the world's largest outbreak since records began, Oxfam said today, 28 Sep 2017, as the number of suspected cases rose to over 755 000. The Yemen outbreak has overtaken the 754 373 suspected cases recorded in Haiti in the 6 years between 2010 and 2015. Over 2100 people have already died from cholera, and while the spread of cholera has slowed slightly, it is still spreading fast and at current rates of increase, the number of suspected cases would

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PRO/EDR> Meningitis, meningococcal - Australia (02): (NT) sg W, Aboriginal children

Meningitis - Neisseria -- Australia
The Northern Territory [NT] has seen a rise in meningococcal infection with 17 cases so far this year [2017].
Meningococcal disease is an uncommon, life-threatening illness due to a bacterial infection of the blood and/or the membranes that line the spinal cord and brain and occasionally infect other sites, such as large joints.
Most of the meningococcal [serogroup] W infections in the NT have occurred in Aboriginal children living in Katherine, central Australia, and Barkly regions.

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (47): Americas, Europe, Asia, Africa

Measles -- Pakistan
Situation summary
-----------------
From early January 2016 to late July 2017, countries of the European Region reported 14 591 confirmed measles cases; 64 percent (n=9386) of these cases were reported in 2017 alone.
In the 6 month period between 1 Jan and 30 Jun 2017, the majority of the cases were reported by Italy (n=3660), Romania (n=1844), and Ukraine (n=943). The diagnosis of measles was confirmed by laboratory testing (serology, virus detection, or isolation) in 57 percent of these

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus - Americas (USA) (12): (NY,KY) equine

West Nile Virus -- United States
The New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets has confirmed 5 new cases of equine West Nile virus.
In the 1st case, an unvaccinated, 19-year-old mare in Clinton County showed clinical signs including lethargy, unwillingness to move, muscle tremors, and ataxia. The mare was treated for several days, but was ultimately euthanized on 20 Sep 2017.
The 2nd case was in an unvaccinated 13-year-old mare in Livingston County. She was found in her stall with a swollen muzzle and signs

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PRO/AH/EDR> Eastern equine encephalitis - USA (09): (NJ) equine

Eastern Equine Encephalitis -- United States
The [New Jersey] state Department of Agriculture reminds owners to vaccinate horses after an Atlantic County mare became the state's 2nd reported case of a serious mosquito-borne illness this year [2017].
The 9-year-old horse had not been vaccinated against eastern equine encephalitis, or EEE, for 2 years, officials with the Department of Agriculture announced in a statement. The horse became ill 17 Sep 2017 and is undergoing treatment.
"Horse owners need to be vigilant in vaccinating

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More than 60 sickened in Salmonella outbreaks

Germany has reported multiple outbreaks of Salmonella which have sickened more than 60 people.



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Wednesday 27 September 2017

PRO/EDR> Typhoid fever - EU: MSM, alert, RFI

Fever -- Worldwide/Unknown
European health officials have reported a typhoid outbreak that has sickened at least 4 people since the summer that has been linked to the European Rainbow gathering that took place in Tramonti di Sopra, Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, Italy, from [23 Jul 2017 to 21 Aug 2017].
To date, French authorities have reported 3 cases and Germany has reported 1 case. European authorities say additional cases are possibly associated with this event.
Typhoid fever, a rare disease in Europe, is a

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PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Madagascar (06): fatal

Plague -- Madagascar
Congo DR / 152 (11) / 152 (19) / 131 (15) / 55 (5) / 78 (12) / 18 (5)
Madagascar / 324 (30) / 392 (93) / 256 (60) / 675 (118) / 482 (112) / 275 (63)
Uganda / 14 (1) / 14 (2) / 22 (6) / 13 (3) / 6 (0) / 3 (0)
Tanzania / 9 (2) / 9 (1) / 7 (0) / 0 (0) / 31 (1) / 5 (3)
Total / 499 (44) /567 (115) / 416 (81) / 743 (126) / 597 (125) / 301 (71)
From these 6 years, Madagascar had 2404 total cases (77 percent of the 3123 total) and 476 total deaths (85 percent of the 562 total). - Mod.LL
A

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - Jordan (03): (MA)

Hepatitis A -- Jordan
Following a rise in hepatitis A cases among school students in Mafraq's Akeider area, the president of the Lower House's Health Committee, Ibrahim Bani Hani, has called for more governmental attention to the area, which "has suffered negligence for so long".
The Ministry of Health has recorded 32 cases of Hepatitis A in students from the Akeider area, in Mafraq Governorate, since [22 Aug 2017]. Hepatitis A is a liver disease caused by a virus transmitted through contaminated food or water,

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PRO/EDR> Legionellosis - Europe (11): UK (England) hotel, 2015

Legionnaires' -- United Kingdom
[A man], of Loughborough and his wife, stayed at The Feathers luxury hotel in Ludlow in May 2015. Within days of returning home, the 74-year-old, who regularly enjoyed a round of golf, was struck down with what doctors first thought was flu. But as he failed to get better they carried out further checks and then diagnosed him with the potentially fatal lung infection. And while he has partially recovered from the illness, he is no longer able to play his favourite pastime of a round of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Canine distemper - USA (05): (Kansas) raccoon, increase, alert

Canine distemper -- United States
Kansas State University's Veterinary Health Center issued a warning this week for dog owners to be on the lookout for raccoons, especially those showing up during the daytime.
The center said it has seen a large number of raccoons in the clinic recently suffering from canine distemper, which can pose a health risk to dogs.
"While we may see raccoons on a fairly regular basis, there seems to be a recent uptick in cases," James Carpenter, professor of exotic pet, wildlife and zoological

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PRO/AH/EDR> Influenza, swine - USA (09): (MD) agricultural fair

Influenza -- United States
Officials are investigating after detecting influenza in 11 pigs recently exhibited at a fair in Frederick [Frederick county].
The Maryland Department of Agriculture said in a statement [Sun 24 Sep 2017] preliminary tests show the 11 pigs from The Great Frederick Fair are infected with influenza A. It isn't clear if that strain is potentially transmissible to humans, and additional testing is being conducted.
The statement says all swine at the fairgrounds are under a quarantine. The

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PRO/AH/EDR> American foulbrood, apis - Australia (02): (NS)

Other Animal Disease -- Australia
In the past week, several beekeepers in the Bellinger valley [New South Wales/NSW] have noticed a serious disease in their beehives, American foulbrood. This has forced the destruction of the hives, much to the chagrin of these beekeepers.
It is never pleasant to have to destroy a bee colony; however, the NSW biosecurity act is very clear: American foulbrood is a notifiable disease under the act and any beekeeper who suspects the disease must notify the NSW Department of Primary Industries

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PRO/AH/EDR> Invasive mosquito - USA (14): (CA)

Dengue, Zika virus, Malaria, Chikungunya -- United States
The new type of mosquito found in Merced County likes to live around people in urban residential areas and can carry four different types of diseases, including Zika, according to Merced County Mosquito Abatement District officials.
The mosquito _Aedes aegypti_, also known as the "yellow-fever mosquito," can transmit Zika, yellow fever, dengue and chikungunya [viruses]. As of [Tue 26 Sep 2017], there have not been any cases of Zika, dengue or yellow fever in Merced County, said Rhiannon

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PRO/EDR> Cyclosporiasis - USA (06): nationwide increase

Other Human Disease -- United States
Cyclospora outbreak investigations are notorious for being very difficult to pinpoint the vehicle and/or the source.
I remember talking to Iowa Dept. of Public Health (IDPH) Medical Director and State Epidemiologist, Dr. Patricia Quinlisk on the radio show during the 2013 outbreak, and listened to her describe the investigation saying she was optimistic that investigators will be able to figure out the source of the outbreak, at least at a certain level. However, they may not be able to

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PRO/EDR> Norovirus - Spain (02): (CT) ex Andorra, bottled water, 2016

Norovirus -- Spain
A recent Dispatch article published in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)'s Emerging Infectious Diseases journal [see reference below], offers insight into a large norovirus outbreak that sprung up in Spain in 2016 that had been linked with bottled spring water. The Public Health Agency of Catalonia (ASPCAT) reported a staggering 4136 cases of gastroenteritis from 11-25 Apr 2016. Of the 4136 cases, 6 individuals required hospitalization. The CDC defines a "case-patient" as an

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (105): Asia (Yemen)

-- Yemen
Highlights
----------
- The cumulative total from 27 Apr 2017 to 24 Sep 2017 is 738 212 suspected cholera cases and 2117 associated deaths (CFR 0.29 percent).
- 28 277 suspected cases and 16 associated deaths were reported in W38 [25 Sep-1 Oct 2017].
- The national attack rate is 259.41 per 10 000.
- The 5 governorates with the highest cumulative attack rates per 10 000 remain Amran (639), Al Mahwit (583), Al Dhale'e (558), Abyan (456), and Hajjah (347).
- Children under 5 years old

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PRO/AH/EDR> Coral reef kill - USA: (HI) black band disease, reemergence

Other Animal Disease -- United States
Black band disease is once again spreading through some corals around Kauai, according to Hanalei researcher Terry Lilley.
Over the past 2 months, Lilley surveyed the same 20 sites that he monitored in 2013 and 2014 with researchers from University of Hawaii, US Geological Survey, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NOAA].
The disease appeared off the North Shore in 2012 and dissipated in mid-2015, but Lilley says he's now documenting a 5 percent rise in North Shore

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (104): Africa, Asia

Cholera, Diarrhea, Shigellosis -- DR Congo
South Kivu province has been the most affected in the last week. There, MSF has received an unusually high number of patients in endemic areas and in its permanent structures in the capital, Bukavu, in Baraka and Sebele, as well as in smaller places like Minova, Kabare, Katana, Idjwi-Kihumba, Lulimba, Missi, and Nyange. In all of these locations, the risk of disease spread is enormous, due to the large concentration of people and its geography, which almost forces people to obtain non-potable

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PRO/EDR> Foodborne illness - Ukraine (02): (LV) smoked fish, poss. salmonellosis

Salmonella -- Ukraine
This information is from my colleagues from Lviv who [treated] some patients:
1. Source of infection: hot smoked mackerel.
2. All the diseased bought this fish in one market, from one manufacturer.
3. The manufacturer did not have a license. He took frozen mackerel, defrosted it and smoked it in his garage.
4. According to preliminary data, _Salmonella_ was isolated from a piece of this fish (the species is not specified).
5. Most patients have typical symptoms of intestinal infection:

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st Typhimurium - Norway (02): comment

Salmonella -- Norway
We have seen the same statement ["Outbreaks of salmonellosis in the Scandinavian countries are less common than in the USA, in part due to dietary differences"] from the moderator in postings in conjunction with salmonellosis in Scandinavia from December 2013 and November 2012, and together with my Scandinavian colleagues I have repeatedly brought to ProMED's attention how inappropriate this statement is (see our email from 2013).
[The 2013 comments are displayed below:]
"We, as

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PRO/AH/EDR> Lumpy skin disease - Eurasia: FAO, control, prevention

Lumpy Skin Disease -- Worldwide/Unknown
FAO has called for broader cattle vaccination to keep lumpy skin disease [LSD] at bay in Eastern Europe and the Balkans, especially in areas where the risk is the highest.
In a position paper published today [25 Sep 2017, see commentary], FAO warned that even countries that have not been affected by LSD so far but are considered at risk need to carry out risk-based vaccination to avert the spread of the disease, which can have devastating consequences for farmers, particularly

Read more about it at HealthMap Global Disease Alerts via http://bit.ly/2xKVePC

Tuesday 26 September 2017

PRO/ALL> Announcements (06): new Eurosurveillance website

Not Yet Classified -- Worldwide/Unknown
It is time to say goodbye to the static old Eurosurveillance website that served its purpose over the course of many years. In a reader survey several years ago, respondents mentioned as advantages of the site that it had an easy navigation structure, focused on content, and that it was robust with good response times. Respondents also flagged that while they were, overall, happy with Eurosurveillance and its content, they missed some important features that several other journals

Read more about it at HealthMap Global Disease Alerts via http://bit.ly/2frc8bE

PRO/EDR> Dengue/DHF update (14): Americas

Dengue -- Worldwide/Unknown
Cases by Country / Week updated / Probable / Conf. / Virus type / DHF severe / Deaths
North America
USA / 36 [week ending 8 Sep / 2017] / 133 / 133 / D? / 0 / 0
Central America and Mexico
Costa Rica / 34 [week ending 25 Aug 2017] / 4254 / 0 / D 1,2 / 0 / 0
El Salvador / 36 [week ending 8 Sep 2017] / 2902 / 136 / D2 / 2 / 0
Guatemala / 33 [week ending 18 Aug 2017] / 2280 / 386 / D 1,2,3,4 / 15 / 0
Honduras / 36 [week ending 8 Sep 2017] / 4304 / 0 / D 1,2,3 / 80 / 0
Mexico / 36 [week

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PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Africa (08): Nigeria (KW)

Yellow Fever -- Nigeria
A vaccination campaign for yellow fever is planned to begin in Ifelodun local government area of Kwara by 30 Sep 2017 to prevent further spread of infection. Ifelodun is the site where a girl in the community of Oke Owa is reported to have contracted yellow fever on 12 Sep [2017]. Surrounding local government areas will also be covered in the vaccination campaign, the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control said Monday [25 Sep 2017].
The case of yellow fever was diagnosed at Lagos University

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PRO/AH/EDR> Invasive mosquito - USA (13): (CA)

Dengue, Zika virus, Chikungunya, Yellow Fever -- United States
The yellow fever mosquito has been found in the City of Tulare by the Tulare Mosquito Abatement District, the Tulare County Health and Human Services Agency reported.
_Aedes aegypti_, also known as the yellow fever mosquito, is capable of transmitting several human diseases, including dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever and Zika, stated Tammie Weyker-Adkins, public information officer with the county HHSA. This mosquito is not native to California and is the 1st detection in the City of

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PRO/EDR> Foodborne illness - Ukraine: (LV) smoked fish, RFI

Foodborne Illness -- Ukraine
"Botulinum neurotoxins are known to have 7 serotypes (BoNT/A-G). Here we report a new BoNT serotype, tentatively named BoNT/X, which has the lowest sequence identity with other BoNTs and is not recognized by antisera against known BoNTs. Similar to BoNT/B/D/F/G, BoNT/X cleaves vesicle-associated membrane proteins (VAMP) 1, 2 and 3, but at a novel site (Arg66-Ala67 in VAMP2). Remarkably, BoNT/X is the only toxin that also cleaves non-canonical substrates VAMP4, VAMP5 and Ykt6. To validate its

Read more about it at HealthMap Global Disease Alerts via http://bit.ly/2hwF3PI

PRO/AH/EDR> Tilapia syncytial hepatitis: Malaysia, Thailand, emerging disease, OIE

Hepatitis -- Malaysia
Information received on [and dated] 25 Sep 2017 from Dr Quaza Nizamuddin Bin Hassan Nizam, Deputy Director General (Veterinary Health), Department of veterinary services, Division of livestock resources & technology development, Putrajaya, Malaysia
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification (final report)
Date of start of the event: 19 Jun 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 27 Jul 2017
Date event resolved: 7 Aug 2017
Reason for notification: emerging disease
Morbidity: 5.3

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PRO/AH/EDR> Trichinellosis, human - Cambodia: (KT)

Trichinosis -- Cambodia
The Cambodia's Ministry of Health confirmed on [Tue 26 Sep 2017] an outbreak of trichinellosis in an area in central Kampong Thom province, that has left 8 people dead and 25 others hospitalized.
Trichinellosis is a disease that people can get by eating raw or undercooked meat from animals infected with the parasite _Trichinella_.
In its statement, the ministry said 33 villagers living in Prey Long (forest) area in Sandan district had fallen ill earlier this month, about 3 weeks after

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (36): (CA) fatal

Hepatitis A -- United States
5 Apr 2017 / 39 / 33 (85) / 1 (3)
4 May 2017 / 80 / 66 (83) / 3 (4)
31 May 2017 / 133 / 103 (80) / 3 (2)
12 Jun 2017 / 160 / 120 (75) / 4 (2.5)
27 Jun 2017 / 196 / 142 (72) / 4 (2)
26 Jul 2017 / 275 / 194 (71) / 7 (2.5)
1 Aug 2017 / 295 / 202 (68) / 10 (3.4)
8 Aug 2017 / 312 / 215 (69) / 10 (3.2)
15 Aug 2017 / 333 / 232 (70) / 11 (3.3)
22 Aug 2017 / 352 / 246 (70) / 14 (4)
29 Aug 2017 / 378 / 263 (70) / 15 (4)
5 Sep 2017 / 398 / 279 (70) / 15 (3.8)
12 Sep 2017 / 421 / 292 (69) / 16

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Iran (05): update

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever -- Iran
At least 120 people in Iran have caught the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) since [21 Mar 2017], Karim Amiri, an official with the Islamic Republic's veterinary organization, said. The fever has caused the death of 8 people in Iran since the beginning of the current Iranian fiscal year[21 Mar 2017], Amiri said, Mehr news agency reported 24 Sep 2017.
No Crimean-Congo‎ fever case has so far been reported in the capital city of Tehran, he added. The cases have been reported in 13

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PRO/AH/EDR> Hepatitis A - Jordan (02): (MA) comment

Hepatitis A -- Jordan
The potential benefit for hepatitis A vaccination in Jordan is illustrated by the chart at .
In 1999, Israel became the world's 1st country to institute routine hepatitis A immunization (blue arrow), and has since largely eradicated the disease [1].
Reference
---------
1. Chart generated by a Gideon multi-graph tool, see
--
Communicated by:
Stephen Berger
Geographic Medicine
Tel Aviv Medical Center
Tel Aviv, Israel

[ProMED thanks Dr Berger for his continued contributions. -

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One thousand ill as search for Cyclospora infection source continues

More than 1,000 laboratory-confirmed cases of cyclosporiasis have been reported from 40 states in the US.



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PRO/EDR> Lone star tick - USA: (CT)

Tick-borne disease -- United States
1. Van Nunen SA, O'Connor KS, Clarke LR, et al. An association between tick bite reactions and red meat allergy in humans. Med J Aust. 2009; 190: 510-1; .
2. Hamsten C, Starkhammar M, Tran TAT, et al: Identification of galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose in the gastrointestinal tract of the tick _Ixodes ricinus_; possible relationship with red meat allergy. Allergy 2013; 68(4): 549-52; .
3. Nunez R, Carballada F, Gonzalez-Quintela, et al. Delayed mammalian meat-induced anaphylaxis due to

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PRO/EDR> Legionellosis - Europe (10): ex United Arab Emirates (Dubai)

Legionnaires' -- United Arab Emirates
Abstract
--------
Between 1 Oct 2016 and 31 Aug 2017, 51 legionnaires' disease (LD) cases from the United Kingdom (UK), Sweden, and the Netherlands were identified with associated travel to Dubai. Cases did not all stay in the same accommodation, indicating that no single accommodation could be the source for all these infections. While local investigations continue into other potential sources, clinicians should remain alert to the possibility of LD among travellers returning from Dubai

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PRO/AH/EDR> West Nile virus - Americas (11): (OH) equine

West Nile Virus -- United States
The Ohio Department of Agriculture confirmed on 13 Sep 2017 the 1st positive cases of West Nile virus (WNV) in Ohio horses for 2017.
Multiple cases in different parts of the state have been reported. The horses confirmed to have contracted WNV had not been vaccinated.
The spread of WNV in horses is preventable with proper vaccination and horse owners are urged to ensure their animals' vaccine and boosters are up to date.
West Nile Virus is transmitted to horses via bites from infected

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PRO/EDR> Legionellosis - Europe (09): Spain (CB) fatal, resort, RFI

Legionnaires' -- Spain
A legionnaires' disease outbreak at a northern Spain resort has affected at least 12 people and killed 1 this summer [2017], according to a local media report (computer translated).
The outbreak occurred at a resort in Liérganes, Cantabria, which prompted the closure of part of the facility.
The Cantabrian Health Service has reported in a statement that the 1st cases were detected on [7 Aug 2017] when the epidemiological surveillance system warned that 2 people who had stayed in the spa

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Monday 25 September 2017

PRO/EDR> Mumps update (27): Pacific (New Zealand), USA (HI, AK)

Mumps -- New Zealand
Health authorities say 3 people have been diagnosed with mumps in Tauranga this month [September 2017]. However, there were concerns more people might unwittingly be carrying and passing on the virus.
Toi Te Ora Public Health Organisation chief medical officer Neil de Wet said mumps could have serious health complications including swelling of the brain, loss of hearing, and potential infertility in young men, but these were rare.
Dr de Wet said there had been an increase in mumps cases

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (103): Asia (Yemen)

Cholera -- Yemen
A total of 725 488 suspected cholera cases and 2110 deaths have been reported in 96 percent of all #Yemen's governorates in less than 5 months.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail

[The statistics related to this record-breaking epidemic of _Vibrio cholerae_ infection in Yemen are shown below:
Date (2017) / Cases / Deaths
8 May / 1360 / 25
11 May / 2752 / 51
13 May / 8595 / 115
14 May / 11 000 / 180
17 May / 17 200 / 209
19 May / 23 500 / 242
21 May / 29 300 / 315
22 May / 35 217

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PRO/EDR> Chikungunya (35) - Americas, Europe

Chikungunya -- Worldwide/Unknown
Cases by Country / Week [w/e] / Local Susp. / Local Conf. / Imported Conf./ Deaths
North America
---
Mexico / week 36 [w/e 8 Sep 2017] / 0 / 24 / 0 / 0
USA / week 37 [w/e 15 Sep 2017] / 0 / 0 / 49 / 0
Central American Isthmus
---
Costa Rica / week 35 [w/e 1 Sep 2017] / 309 / 6 / 0 / 0
El Salvador / week 36 [w/e 8 Sep 2017] / 437 / 0 / 0 / 0
Nicaragua / week 36 [w/e 8 Sep 2017] / 652 / 20 / 0 / 0
Panama / week 35 (w/e 1 Sep 2017] / 1996 / 24 / 1 / 0
Latin Caribbean

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PRO/EDR> Vibrio vulnificus - USA (11): (FL) fatal

Vibrio vulnificus -- United States
Florida state health officials have reported 23 _Vibrio vulnificus_ cases in 2017 through mid-September and of this total, 5 cases have been seen in the Tampa Bay area. Cases of the bacterial infection have been recorded in Hillsborough (2), Pinellas (1), Pasco (1) and Polk (1) counties. No deaths have been seen in the region. Of the 23 cases statewide, 3 deaths have been recorded-one each in Santa Rosa, Orange and Brevard Counties. In 2016, Florida reported 46 cases, including 10

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st Paratyphi - New Zealand: (HB) mussels, RFI

Salmonella -- New Zealand
Hawke's Bay District Health Board is investigating 4 confirmed cases of paratyphoid fever and is following up 3 suspect cases. All 4 confirmed cases have required hospital care at Hawke's Bay Hospital. At least 2 of the cases ate mussels gathered from Napier's Ahuriri area. The district health board is also concerned that mussels from the same area, may have been eaten at a Tangi [a Maori funeral rite - Mod.LL] at the Tangoio Marae 11 days ago, and is following that up.
Medical Officer of

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PRO/AH> Foot & mouth disease - Bhutan (02): (SJ) bovine, new, st A, gt VII, ex India

Foot and Mouth -- Bhutan
1. Country of origin of the cattle consignment: West Bengal state of India.
2. Route of transportation: by road (loaded in trucks and transported to Samdrup Jongkhar, Bhutan quarantine station).
--
Communicated by:
EpiCore Global Surveillance Project

[ProMED-mail wishes to thank the EpiCore Global Surveillance Project member for the said information.
Nepal submitted, on 22 Aug 2017, an immediate OIE notification on an FMD outbreak of serotype A, lineage G-VII. The event,

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PRO/EDR> Zika virus (20) - Americas, Asia, research, observations

Zika virus -- Worldwide/Unknown
Background
Evidence of human sexual transmission during Zika virus emergence is a matter of concern, particularly in procreation, but to date, kinetics of seminal shedding and the effects of infection on human reproductive function have not been described. To investigate the effects of Zika virus infection on semen and clearance of Zika virus from semen and body fluids, we aimed to study a cohort of Zika virus-infected men.
Methods
This prospective observational study recruited men

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - USA (03): (ND) bovine

Anthrax -- United States
North Dakota has had its 1st confirmed case of anthrax this year [2017] in Sioux County, where 8 head of cattle died out of a herd of about 200. State Veterinarian Susan Keller says the surviving portion of the herd has been vaccinated, and the cattle are now under quarantine as required by state law. The case was confirmed [21 Sep 2017] by the North Dakota State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory based on samples submitted by a veterinarian with the Mandan Veterinary

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st Typhimurium - Norway

Salmonella -- Norway
7 people infected with a rare _Salmonella_ with a DNA profile that has never been seen in Norway. The samples of the patients were taken at the end of August 2017, and all are thought to be infected in Norway. Bacteria with similar DNA profiles have been detected in all 7 people, says senior adviser Heidi Lange at the Public Health Institute in a press release. The people who are infected are between 19 and 60 years old. 2 people live in Finnmark, but also people from Møre og Romsdal, Sogn og

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - Jordan: (MA)

Hepatitis A -- Jordan
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) has been a significant cause of infections among the children and adolescents of Jordan. Availability of safe vaccines made it necessary to identify the ill-defined temporal immunity trends for HAV and possible age-specific prevalence transitions. This community-based cross sectional study was conducted during the period July-August 2008 on 3066 recruited subjects from the 12 governorates of Jordan, with predefined criteria. Several households were chosen at random

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PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Iraq (02): (Baghdad) RFI

Plague -- Iraq
The Parliamentary Health and Environment Committee revealed on [Sun 24 Sep 2017] the spread of plague and called for a national campaign against rodents that are causing the disease.
The deputy head of the Parliamentary Health and Environment Committee, Fares Al-Barefkani, told Alghad Press that "new cases of plague have been identified, and the causes of the disease are known and are related to the poor municipal, disease control, sewage, and landfill services, in addition to widespread

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (102): Africa

Cholera -- Sudan
The Khartoum state Ministry of Health closed a school in Jebel Awlia locality after more than 20 students suffered from diarrhea. 5 of them were infected with cholera. State Health Minister Mamoun Humeida announced the news yesterday, 21 Sep 2017. He said maintenance will take place in the Nura Koran school in El Salam neighborhood to provide safe drinking water and toilets, before allowing students to return. He did not specify a period of time for this. Humeida pointed out that inspection

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PRO/AH/EDR> Epizootic hemorrhagic disease, cervid - USA (07): (MI)

Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease -- United States
A free ranging, white-tailed deer in Genesee County died due to complications from epizootic hemorrhagic disease [EHD], a viral diseased spread through a type of biting fly called a midge.
The Michigan Department of Natural Resources [DNR] Wildlife Disease Laboratory and the Michigan State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory announced the finding [Wed 20 Sep 2017] and is asking residents to keep an eye out for dead deer in the county.
"Although this has been a single deer death

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Sunday 24 September 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> African swine fever - Europe (23): Ukraine (KS, DT) domestic swine, OIE

African Swine Fever -- Ukraine
Information received on [and dated] 22 Sep 2017 from Dr Andrii Zhuk, 1st deputy head of the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Production, International Cooperation of the State Service of Ukraine on Food Safety and Consumer Protection, UKR Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food, Kiev, Ukraine
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 20 Sep 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 21 Sep 2017
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (46): Africa, Europe, Pacific, South America

Measles -- Nigeria
The Kebbi government on Friday [22 Sep 2017] said it had recorded 656 suspected cases of measles in 21 local government areas of the state.
The Executive Secretary, State Primary Health Care and Development Agency, Dr Mannir Jega, who described the figure as alarming, said it was largely due to refusal of residents to go for routine immunisation.
The executive secretary said at a news briefing in Birnin Kebbi, that the state had recorded poor coverage due to low turnout for routine

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Pakistan (15): (SD)

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever -- Pakistan
Congo fever toll mounts to 6 as another death reported Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) has claimed another life in Karachi
this month [September 2017], bringing the total deaths due to the tick-borne viral disease to 6 in the country this year [2017].
A 52-year-old [SGS], a resident of Mujahid Colony in Orangi Town, was brought to the Liaquat National Hospital (LNH) on the night of [Sun 10 Sep 2017] in an unstable condition, the health facility's spokesman, Anjum Rizvi, told The

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PRO/AH/EDR> Brucellosis - USA (13): (WY) elk exposure, B. abortus

Brucellosis -- United States
[Re: ProMED-mail Brucellosis - USA (12): (WY) possible elk exposure, RFI Archive Number: http://bit.ly/2fJvlWn]
The culture isolate was confirmed to be _Brucella abortus_. Genomic identification was recently conducted at the National Veterinary Services Laboratory in an attempt to link it to the most similar isolate in their database. It is believed this was from a WY exposure, not exotic (India).
--
Communicated by:
EpiCore Global Surveillance Project

[ProMED

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (35): (MI) fatal

Hepatitis A -- United States
Michigan health officials are continuing to investigate an outbreak of hepatitis A in the southeast part of the state. The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) reports from 1 Aug 2016 to 15 Sep 2017 there have been 319 confirmed cases of hepatitis A, including 14 deaths. Of those cases, nearly 86 percent have been hospitalized.
Health officials said those infected by the illness have ranged in age from 20 to 87-years-old. Two-3rds of those cases were men, officials

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PRO/EDR> Legionellosis - USA (16): (NYC) fatal, apartment complex, RFI

Legionnaires' -- United States
Residents of a Forest Hills apartment complex were concerned after a Legionnaires' disease outbreak left one person dead, and made another ill.
[A resident who] lives in the Madison building at the Parker Towers complex [expressed concern]. Residents there received a letter from the city health department about 2 cases of Legionnaires' disease that were found in the Queens Boulevard building.
City officials said one person got sick, and another with existing health problems died. The

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PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Africa (07): Nigeria (KW)

Yellow Fever -- Nigeria
The 2 patients diagnosed with yellow fever in Oro-Ago in Ifelodun Local government area of Kwara state are now medically stable.
Dr Khadeejah Kamaldeen of the Kwara State Epidemiology Unit made the confirmation in an interview with newsmen in Ilorin. Kamaldeen said that the patients are responding to treatment and are expected to make full recovery.
The Epidemiologist said earlier confirmation of the yellow fever cases were diagnosed in Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). She said

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PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis - USA (10) : (MN) nursing home

Salmonella -- United States
A total of 2 people were hospitalized as a result of a salmonellosis outbreak at a Duluth nursing facility in August 2017, according to the Minnesota Department of Health. All told, 15 people became ill in mid-August 2017 at Bayshore Residence and Rehabilitation, said Doug Schultz, a health department spokesman, but only 5 -- all residents -- tested positive for _Salmonella_. The 15 included 4 staff members and 11 residents, 2 of whom were hospitalized, Schultz said. None died.
The health

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Saturday 23 September 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> Koi herpesvirus disease - Italy: (VN, LG) OIE

Other Animal Disease -- Italy
Information received on [and dated] 22 Sep 2017 from Dr Silvio Borrello, Chief Veterinary Officer, Food Safety and Collegial Bodies for Health Protection, Ministère de la Santé, Department for Veterinary Public Health, Rome, Italy
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 14 Jul 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 24 Jul 2017
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 2014
Manifestation of disease: clinical

Read more about it at HealthMap Global Disease Alerts via http://bit.ly/2fJ04mk

PRO/AH/EDR> Red sea bream iridoviral disease - Panama: (CL) _rachycentron canadum_, OIE

-- Panama
Information received on 22 Sep 2017 from Dr Bredio Velasco Denvers, Director Nacional, Dirección de Salud Animal, Ministerio de Desarrollo Agropecuario, Panamá city, Panama
Summary
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 10 Jul 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 11 Aug 2017
Reason for notification: First occurrence of a listed disease in the country
Causal agent: Red sea bream iridovirus Ehime-1
Nature of diagnosis: Laboratory (advanced)
This event

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PRO/AH/EDR> Brucellosis - USA (12): (WY) possible elk exposure, RFI

Brucellosis -- United States
He didn't know what hit him when the 1st attack of undulant fever came. Despite significant symptoms, doctors didn't immediately diagnose that the Wheatland, WY farmer [J] had been infected with the human form of the animal disease brucellosis. Perhaps that's because it is rare in people, and its various symptoms don't point to an obvious cause.
Undulant fever, also called Bang's disease, is marked by an irregular pattern of joint pain, fatigue, headaches, high fever, chills, drenching

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PRO/AH/EDR> Q fever - Australia (02): (QL) native animal source

Q Fever -- Australia
The rate of Q fever cases is now highest in outer urban areas of north Queensland, and it is believed many patients have caught the disease from mowing the lawn.
Until now, the potentially fatal bacterial infection has only been associated with the cattle industry. But people living on small acreages in the Townsville and Mackay regions are now the group most at risk of contracting the disease in Queensland.
Townsville Hospital director of microbiology Robert Norton began investigating

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PRO/EDR> Legionellosis - USA (15): (MN) elder community, RFI

Legionnaires' -- United States
State [Minnesota] and local health authorities say they're investigating 2 cases of Legionnaires' disease in residents at the Silver Creek on Main assisted living facility in Maple Grove.
The 1st resident's symptoms began on 22 Aug 2017, and the 2nd resident's symptoms began on 12 Sep 2017. Both residents were hospitalized and are recovering, the Minnesota Department of Health said in a statement on Thursday [21 Sep 2017].
The state is working with Silver Creek to identify possible

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PRO/AH/EDR> Thelazia callipeda, canine - UK: 1st cases, imported, alert

Other Animal Disease -- United Kingdom
A potentially deadly eye infection caused by a parasitic worm is posing a significant threat to dogs in the UK.
Dog owners are being warned over _Thelazia callipaeda_, commonly referred to as oriental eye worm. The disease [appears] when a fruit fly lands on the eyes and lays infective larvae.
People, as well as cats and dogs, can catch the infection from the flies as they feed off eye secretions.
You can report dirty dog owners to your local council who aim to respond within one

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crayfish plague - Ireland (04): white-clawed crayfish, conf. OIE

Other Animal Disease -- Ireland
Information received on 22 Sep 2017 from Dr Martin Blake, Chief Veterinary Officer, Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine, Agriculture House, Dublin, Ireland
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 25 Jul 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 21 Aug 2017
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 29 Jun 2017
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: _Aphanomyces astaci_
Nature of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Influenza, swine - USA (08): (MD) H3N2V

Influenza H3N2 -- United States
Maryland authorities are investigating 5 cases of swine flu in pigs that were recently exhibited at the Charles County Fair. Seven Maryland residents have contracted a strain of swine flu from infected pigs at the Charles County fair.
The infected people had close contact with the 5 pigs recently exhibited at the Charles County Fair that tested positive for swine flu, the Maryland Department of Health said Wednesday [20 Sep 2017]. None of the infected individuals has developed serious

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Pakistan (14): (SD)

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever -- Pakistan
A 30-year-old man who died of the deadly Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever at a private hospital a day ago became the 1st citizen of Karachi to have been killed by the virus this year [2017], provincial health authorities said on Monday [18 Sep 2017].
A resident of Adam Town in Phase I, DHA, the victim, NK, was brought to a private hospital in Clifton on Thursday [14 Sep 2017?], said Dr Zafar Mehdi, Sindh health department's focal person for the viral disease's committee.
Initially

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PRO/EDR> Cyclosporiasis - USA (05): nationwide increase

Foodborne Illness -- United States
A huge cyclospora outbreak in the United States has sickened 988 people as of 13 Sep 2017.
Every summer, there is a large cyclospora outbreak in the United States. The illness, caused by the _Cyclospora cayetensis_ parasite, is endemic to tropical and subtropical areas of the globe.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) says the number includes people who reported international travel as well as those who did not report travel. The reports have come from 40 states.
At

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PRO/EDR> Malaria, autochthonous - France: (AR)

Malaria -- France
On 7 Sep 2017, France reported 2 locally-acquired cases of malaria. Both cases attended a wedding that took place between 11 and 16 Aug 2017 in Moulins, in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France. On 30 Aug 2017, the 1st case was hospitalised in southwest France after 4 days of fever, chills and sweats and was found positive for _P. falciparum_ malaria. The patient had not travelled abroad and had no risk factors for induced malaria. The only recent travel identified was to Moulins and its

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PRO/EDR> Buruli ulcer - Australia: (VI) M. ulcerans, increasing incidence

Mycobacteria, non-TB -- Australia
A flesh-eating disease [_Mycobacterium ulcerans_] common in 3rd world countries is infecting parts of Victoria [Australia] at increasingly epidemic rates, and doctors have no idea why.
_Mycobacterium ulcerans_, an infection which eats away at the limbs like gangrene, has more than doubled in Victoria in the last year, with 240 new cases. In the past few months, 9 people have been diagnosed with it each week.
The disease, also known as the Bairnsdale ulcer, is strangely migrating from the

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PRO/EDR> Candida auris - Canada: (BC) ex India, coinfect. carbapenemase-pos. bacteria,VRE

Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci (VRE) -- Canada


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Friday 22 September 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> Newcastle disease - Bulgaria (02): (KK) poultry, OIE

Newcastle Disease -- Bulgaria
Information received on 21 Sep 2017 from Dr Damyan Iliev, Chief Veterinary Officer & Deputy Executive Director, Bulgarian Food Safety Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Sofia, Bulgaria
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 20 Sep 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 20 Sep 2017
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 2 Sep 2017
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Newcastle

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PRO/EDR> Poliomyelitis update (26): global (Syria, DR Congo)

Polio -- Syria
As of: 20 Sep 2017
New wild poliovirus cases reported this week: 0
Total number of wild poliovirus cases in 2017: 10
Total number of wild poliovirus cases in 2016: 37
New cVDPV cases reported this week: 2
Total number of cVDPV cases in 2017: 49
Total number of cVDPV cases in 2016: 5
Headlines
- Summary of newly-reported viruses this week: Pakistan: one new wild poliovirus type one (WPV1) positive environmental sample; Syria: one new circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2

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PRO/AH/EDR> MERS-CoV (60): UAE, Saudi Arabia, WHO

MERS -- United Arab Emirates
On 23 August 2017, the national IHR focal point of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) reported one additional case of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) infection.
Details of the case
MERS-CoV case reported on 23 August 2017
Date of notification to WHO / Reporting country / City of residence / Age / Sex / Health care worker / Comorbidities / Exposure to camels / Camel milk consumption / Exposure to MERS-CoV cases / Date of symptoms onset / Date of 1st hospitalization / Date of

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PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Madagascar (05): fatal

Plague -- Madagascar
The number of cases of pulmonary plague is increasing in Antananarivo. The Ministry of Public Health is stepping up its efforts to prevent the spread of the disease. The Ambohimiandra anti-plague hospital (CHAPA) admitted its 6th case yesterday, [Thu 21 Sep 2017].The rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for the pneumonic plague was positive.[Wed 20 Sep 2017], in the early evening, another case was admitted. Shortly before this, a young man living in Manjakaray was also hospitalized. In total,

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PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax - Tanzania (04): (Ruaha Natl Park) wildlife, OIE

Anthrax -- Tanzania
Information received on 22/09/2017 from Dr Abdu A. Hayghaimo, Director, Veterinary Services, Ministry of Livestock and Fisheries Development, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
Summary:
Report type: Immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 08/09/2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 13/09/2017
Report date: 22/09/2017
Date submitted to OIE: 22/09/2017
Reason for notification: Recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 07/02/2017
Manifestation of disease: Clinical

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (34): (NYC) MSM

Hepatitis A -- United States
Since 2011, the New York City (NYC) Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) has typically been notified of 3 or fewer cases of hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection each year among men who have sex with men (MSM) who reported no travel to countries where HAV is endemic. In 2017, DOHMH noted an increase in HAV infections among MSM with onsets in January-March 2017, and notified other public health jurisdictions via Epi-X, CDC's communication exchange network. As a result, 51 patients with

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - Nepal (02): (LM) comments

Hepatitis A -- Nepal
1. Jacobsen KH, Weirsma ST. Hepatitis A virus seroprevalence by age and world region, 1990 and 2005. Vaccine. 2010; 28 (41): 6653-7.
2. Sawayama Y, Hayashi J, Ariyama I, et al. A ten-year serological survey of hepatitis A, B and C viruses infections in Nepal. J Epidemiol. 1999; 9(5): 350-4.
3. Shrestha SM, Shrestha S, Tsuda F, et al. Molecular investigation of hepatitis E virus infection in patients with acute hepatitis in Kathmandu, Nepal. J Med Virol 2003; 69 (2): 207- 14.
--
Dr. Sher

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Norway investigates Salmonella outbreak

Norwegian authorities are investigating an outbreak caused by a rare variant of Salmonella Typhimurium.



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PRO/AH> Foot & mouth disease - Bhutan: (SJ) bovine, new, st A, gt VII, OIE

Foot and Mouth -- Bhutan
Information received on [and submitted] 16 Sep 2017 from Dr Tashi Samdup, Director General, Department of Livestock, Ministry of Agriculture and Forests, Thimphu, Bhutan
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 31 Mar 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 4 Sep 2017
Report date: 19 Sep 2017
Reason for notification: new strain of a listed disease in the country
Causal agent: Foot and mouth disease virus (lineage G-VII)
Serotype: A
Nature of diagnosis:

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PRO/AH/EDR> Foot & mouth disease - Botswana: (NW) bovine, st pending, OIE

Foot and Mouth -- Botswana
Information received on [and dated] 21 Sep 2017 from Dr Letlhogile Modisa, Director, Veterinary Services, Ministry of Agriculture, Gaborone, Botswana
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 19 Sep 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 21 Sep 2017
Reason for notification: reoccurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 30 Mar 2016
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Foot and mouth disease virus
Serotype:

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Thursday 21 September 2017

PRO/EDR> Melioidosis - USA: (PA) ex Thailand, 2016

Melioidosis -- United States
In mid-July 2016, a Pennsylvania resident aged 15 years who had recently returned from Thailand was treated by a pediatrician for sore throat, fever, and bilateral thigh abscesses at the sites of mosquito bites (Figure - for figure, see original URL. - Mod.LL). She had traveled to northeast Thailand with 9 other teens as part of an 18-day service-oriented trip run by an Ohio-based youth tour company that arranges travel to Thailand for approximately 500 persons annually. This trip included

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (101): Asia (Yemen)

Cholera -- Yemen
A whopping 704 454 cases of cholera have been registered in Yemen since [27 Apr 2017], according to the WHO. In a report released [Thu 21 Sep 2017], the WHO also said at least 2103 cholera-related deaths had been recorded in 22 out of Yemen's 23 provinces. Yemen's Socotra province, a small four4island archipelago in the Arabian Sea, is the only part of the country to remain unaffected by the epidemic.
According to the WHO, the highest number of fatalities, almost 400, were recorded in

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PRO/EDR> Malaria, falciparum - Viet Nam: artemisinin resistance

Malaria -- Vietnam
The spread of artemisinin resistance in _Plasmodium falciparum_ and the subsequent loss of partner antimalarial drugs in the Greater Mekong subregion presents one of the greatest threats to the control and elimination of malaria. Artemisinin resistance is associated with mutations in the PfKelch gene.
Initially multiple independent Kelch mutations were observed (1), but in a recent sinister development, a single dominant artemisinin-resistant P falciparum C580Y mutant lineage has arisen in

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PRO/AH/EDR> Peste des petits ruminants - Bangladesh: (RP) caprine

Peste des petits ruminants -- Bangladesh
At least 100 goats have died of peste des petits ruminants (PPR), also known as goat plague, in flood affected areas of the [Lalmonirhat] district [Rangpur division].
[MA], 42, of Dharla river Char Shiberkuti in Sadar upazila [sub-district] said 2 of his 3 goats died of the disease last week [week of 11 Sep 2017] and another was affected yesterday [19 Sep 2017]. "I took the affected goat to the upazila livestock office for vaccination," he said. No livestock official visited their village

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PRO/EDR> Dengue/DHF update (13): Americas, research

Dengue -- United States
Cases by Country / Week updated [w/e] / Probable / Conf. / Virus type / DHF severe / Deaths
North America
USA / 34 [w/e 25 Aug 2017] / 107 / 107 / D? / 0 / 0
Central America and Mexico
Costa Rica / 34 [w/e 25 Aug 2017] / 4254 / 0 / D 1,2 / 0 / 0
El Salvador / 34 [w/e 25 Aug 2017] / 2627 / 104 / D2 / 3 / 0
Guatemala / 33 [w/e 18 Aug 2017] / 2280 / 386 / D 1,2,3,4 / 15 / 0
Honduras / 34 [w/e 25 Aug 2017] / 4097 / 0 / D 1,2,3 / 77 / 0
Mexico / 34 [w/e 25 Aug 2017] / 30 519 / 4399 / D

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (33): (UT), RFI

Hepatitis A -- United States
The Salt Lake County Health Department is trying to stop an outbreak of a deadly virus that has already taken lives in California. Health officials have discovered 21 cases of hepatitis A among homeless people in Salt Lake county. "This is a significant increase," said Dr Ilene Risk, Salt Lake County Health Department Epidemiologist. "We would typically see 1 or 2 cases during this time period."
This particular strain of hepatitis has killed 16 people and infected more than 500 people in

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PRO/AH/EDR> E. coli EHEC - USA (27): (WI) O157, RFI

E. coli -- United States
1. Wong CS, Jelacic S, Habeeb RL, et al. The risk of the hemolytic-uremic syndrome after antibiotic treatment of _Escherichia coli_ O157:H7 infections. N Engl J Med. 2000; 342(26): 1930-6; available at
2. Kimmitt PT, Harwood CR, and Barer MR. Toxin gene expression by Shiga toxin-producing _Escherichia coli_: the role of antibiotics and the bacterial SOS response. Emerg Infect Dis. 2000; 6(5): 458-65; available at .
3. Hayashi T, Makino K, Ohnishi M, et al. Complete genome of sequence of

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Recalls: Botulism, insect excrement and cleaning fluid

Food and beverage alerts were made by USA, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, England, Ireland, France, Germany, Austria, Norway, Sweden and Denmark.



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Wednesday 20 September 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> Plague - Madagascar (04): fatal

Plague -- Madagascar
In a follow-up to a report last [Fri 15 Sep 2017], on the pneumonic plague outbreak in Madagascar, the WHO offered up an updated case count and additional details surrounding the occurrence of plague on the island nation off the southeast coast of Africa. The outbreak was detected on [Mon 11 Sep 2017] following the notification of the death of 47-year-old woman from Fort Duchesne, admitted to Soavinandriana Hospital with respiratory disease. After confirmation that the cause of illness and

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PRO/AH/EDR> Hantavirus - Americas (50): Panama (VR), USA (NV)

Hantavirus -- Panama
The person confirmed as positive for [a] hantavirus is currently improving, although remains in an intensive care unit.
Authorities say that it is important to adopt sanitary measures for prevention of hantavirus [infections]. A health alert has been issued for health units, after the Dr. Luis "Chicho" Fábrega Veraguas Regional Hospital, reported that a 67 year old man from the Almadano community, Soledad subdistrict of the Soná district, tested positive for [a] hantavirus

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PRO/EDR> Poliomyelitis update (25): Syria (DY)

Polio -- Syria
Key highlights
--------------
- One new case of cVDPV2 confirmed this week, from Mayadeen district, Deir EzZor governorate. The case, a 9-month-old boy with no polio vaccination history, had onset of paralysis [19 Jun 2017].
- The total number of cVDPV2 cases is 40. All confirmed cases to date have had onset of paralysis before [14 Jul 2017].
- Preparations for the 2nd Raqqa round continue.
- Micro-plans are being updated for each of Raqqa's districts. Pre-round C4D activities have

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PRO/AH/EDR> St Louis encephalitis virus - USA (04): (ID)

St. Louis Encephalitis -- United States
Mosquitoes trapped in 2 locations by the Gem County Mosquito Abatement District tested positive for St Louis encephalitis virus [SLEV].
Both areas are being treated, but efforts are being hampered by weather.
It's unusual to find the virus in Idaho. According the Center for Disease Control, most cases have occurred in eastern and central states. Most people infected with SLEV show no symptoms. Those who do become ill experience flu-like symptoms -- fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, and

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - Nepal: (LM)

Hepatitis -- Nepal
National Public Health Laboratory, Teku [Kathmandu], on [Sun 17 Sep 2017] confirmed 8 hepatitis A cases. It said of the 15 samples received from Besisahar, Lamjung [Province Four], 8 tested positive for hepatitis A. Of them, 5 are female and 3 male.
A team from Epidemiology and Disease Control Division [EDCD] had visited Lamjung after reports of hepatitis outbreak. Samples were collected and brought to Kathmandu for test. "The patients contracted the disease due to contamination of water

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PRO/EDR> Botulism - USA (12): (NY) nitrogen-infused coffee, risk, alert, recall

Botulism -- United States
Death Wish Coffee is recalling its Nitro Cold Brew because there is a slight risk of _Clostridium botulinum_ (_C. botulinum_) [intoxication] or botulism, a serious toxin that causes weakness of the muscles and difficulty breathing. "Our customers' safety is of paramount importance and Death Wish Coffee is taking this significant, proactive step to ensure that the highest quality, safest, and of course, strongest coffee products we produce are of industry-exceeding standards -- thus we are

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (32): (CA)

Hepatitis A -- United States
Los Angeles [LA] County health officials declared a hepatitis A outbreak [Tue 19 Sep 2017], days after a public health emergency was announced in San Diego County, where at least 16 people have died of the highly contagious virus. Case numbers are still small in LA County, with only 10 people infected as part of the outbreak, said Dr Barbara Ferrer, director of the LA County Department of Public Health. By comparison, almost 450 people have contracted the virus in San Diego. Ferrer said the

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PRO/AH/EDR> Leptospirosis - Nepal: (KT) monsoon season

Leptospirosis -- Nepal
1. Murdoch DR, Woods CW, Zimmerman MD, et al. The etiology of febrile illness in adults presenting to Patan hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004; 70(6): 670-5; .
--
Communicate by:
Dr Sher Bahadur Pun, MD, PhD
Clinical Research Unit
Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital
Kathmandu
Nepal

[Leptospirosis is a zoonotic spirochetal infection that occurs worldwide, and outbreaks frequently follow flooding after heavy rainfall. Nepal is subject to heavy

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Tuesday 19 September 2017

PRO/EDR> Chikungunya (34): Italy

Chikungunya -- Italy
In our Latina province to date, 4 chikungunya cases have been registered, 2 confirmed and 2 probable.
Chikungunya virus disease manifests itself with symptoms similar to influenza, with high fever, chills, headache, etc. and arthralgia, and is transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus _Aedes_, which in our country is represented by the mosquito _Aedes albopictus_, commonly called the tiger mosquito.
Not everyone who encounters an infected mosquito will show the symptoms; in any case, the

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PRO/EDR> Measles update (45): Africa, Europe, South Pacific

Measles -- Worldwide/Unknown
Abstract. We report an ongoing measles outbreak in Italy, with over 4400 cases reported in 20 Regions from January-August 2017. Median age was 27 years, 88 percent of the cases were unvaccinated. The highest incidence was in infants below 1 year of age and 7 percent of cases occurred among healthcare workers. 3 deaths occurred and 2 cases of encephalitis were reported. Wide immunity gaps and nosocomial transmission are major challenges to measles elimination in Italy.
Measles is targeted

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PRO/EDR> Hepatitis A - USA (31): (CA) fatal

Hepatitis A -- United States
Cases / Deaths / Hospitalizations
444 / 16 (3.6 percent) / 305 (69 percent)
The table does not include all reported hepatitis A cases in the county, only those that are local-outbreak related. Also, data are provisional and subject to change.
--
Communicated by:
ProMED-mail Rapporteur Mary Marshall

[The number of cases of diagnosed hepatitis A (HAV) in San Diego County in southern California continues to increase.
Date / Cases / Hospitalized (percentage) / Deaths

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PRO/EDR> Chikungunya (32): Asia (Pakistan)

Chikungunya -- Pakistan
An official said that 79 cases of chikungunya had been confirmed in the district. "We had sent the blood samples of suspected patients to the National Institute of Health (NIH), Islamabad. The NIH confirmed 79 to be positive," said District Health Officer (DHO) Dr Muhammad Niaz. He said the disease 1st broke out in Gandaf village of Topi tehsil and Sherdara village of Razaar tehsil in the district.
The 2 affected villages are situated in separate tehsils but both are mountainous areas. "I

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian Influenza, human (72): Indonesia, H5N1, RFI

Avian Influenza H5N1 -- Indonesia
RadarBali.com reports that a confirmed case of bird flu (H5N1) has claimed a victim in Bali in Banjar Minggir in the Village of Batununggul on Nusa Penida.
Officials from the Sanglah General Hospital and the Department of Healthcare refused to identify the female victim infected with the virus. The victim died in the Nusa Indah isolation section of Denpasar's main hospital.
RadarBali also reports that a much-feared human-to-human transmission was suspected when one of the doctors

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PRO/EDR> Dengue/DHF update (12): Asia (Pakistan)

Dengue -- Pakistan
Dengue virus took another life in Peshawar on [Mon 18 Sep 2017] and 242 more people were diagnosed with dengue in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), the provincial Health Department reported here.
[A 35 year old male], became the latest victim of the mosquito-borne disease, raising the death toll from dengue to 27 in KP so far. He belonged to Tehkal area of Peshawar and was admitted at the Khyber Teaching Hospital (KTH) on [Sat 16 Sep 2017].
Dengue virus was 1st reported in Tehkal area of the city

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PRO/AH/EDR> Antibiotic resistance (08): India (MH) human sewage

Antimicrobial resistance, Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (CRE) -- India
"Efficient sewage treatment is critical for limiting environmental transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In many low- and middle-income countries, however, large proportions of sewage are still released untreated into receiving water bodies. In-depth knowledge of how such discharges of untreated urban waste influences the environmental resistome is largely lacking. Here, we highlight the impact of uncontrolled discharge of partially treated and/or untreated wastewater on the structure

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PRO/AH/EDR> Sheep pox & goat pox - Greece (03): (AI) ovine, caprine susp, OIE, RFI

Sheep/Goat Pox -- Greece
Information received on [and dated] 18 Sep 2017 from Mrs Chrysoula Dile, Head, Animal Health Directorate, Ministry of Rural Development and Food, Athen, Greece
Summary
Report type: immediate notification
Date of start of the event: 5 Sep 2017
Date of confirmation of the event: 7 Sep 2017
Reason for notification: recurrence of a listed disease
Date of previous occurrence: 14 Mar 2017
Manifestation of disease: clinical disease
Causal agent: Capripoxvirus
Nature of diagnosis:

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PRO/EDR> Chikungunya (32): Americas, Europe, Asia, research

Chikungunya -- Mexico
Cases by Country / Week [w/e] / (Local susp / Local conf / Imported conf / Deaths
North America
---
Mexico / week 35 [w/e 1 Sep 2017] / 0 / 24 / 0 / 0
USA / week 36 [w/e 8 Sep 2017] / 0 / 0 / 46 / 0
Central American Isthmus
---
Costa Rica / week 34 [w/e 25 Aug 2017] / 300 / 6 / 0 / 0
El Salvador / week 35 [w/e 1 Sep 2017] / 424 / 0 / 0 / 0
Nicaragua / week 36 [w/e 8 Sep 2017] / 652 / 20 / 0 / 0
Panama / week 35 (w/e 1 Sep 2017] / 1996 / 24 / 1 / 0
Latin Caribbean (no current

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PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Africa (06): Nigeria (KW)

Yellow Fever -- Worldwide/Unknown
The Kwara State Government says it has discovered 2 cases of yellow fever disease at Oro Ago area in Ifelodun Local Government Area of the state.
The state's Commissioner for Health, Sulaiman Alege, to reporters on [Mon 18 Sep 2017] at his office in Ilorin, the state capital that a male and female were tested positive for the disease.
Alege said a medical team from the State Ministry of Health had visited some communities in the local government where 38 samples were collected and sent

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PRO/EDR> Diphtheria - Venezuela (04): (AN) fatal, susp

Diphtheria -- Venezuela
The inhabitants of the Kashaama indigenous village, in Freites municipality [Anzoátegui state], are worried about the number of deaths recorded in recent weeks due to health problems. An inhabitant of this community, reported that during the month of August 2017 and so far in September 2017, 8 people -- 7 men and a woman -- have died in this community. An outbreak of diphtheria may be the leading cause of death for these 8 people. According to the complaint, among the dead are his uncle, who

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Swedish Salmonella outbreak from Polish eggs

At least 12 people have been sickened by Salmonella in Sweden from eggs from Poland.



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PRO/EDR> Influenza (20): Australia (Tasmania)

Influenza -- Australia
Tasmania is in the "peak phase" of the most devastating flu season in recent memory, Health Minister Michael Ferguson warned.
As of [12 Sep 2017], there were 2337 confirmed cases of influenza and 21 deaths since [1 Jan 2017]. Last year [2016], 14 people died, and only 969 influenza cases were reported.
Mr Michael Ferguson spoke about the outbreak on Sunday morning [17 Sep 2017] before running the Women's 5 km in Launceston. "My latest advice on the flu outbreak this year [2017] is that

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PRO/EDR> Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (100): Asia (Yemen)

Cholera -- Yemen
The WHO will, in October 2017, launch a strategy to stop cholera transmission by 2030, it said on [Mon 18 Sep 2017], as an unprecedented outbreak in Yemen raced towards 700 000 suspected cases with little sign of slowing down. "Once it's out of the box, once it has spread, it's very, very difficult to contain and we have a huge number of cases and deaths," said Dominique Legros, the cholera focal point at WHO's department for pandemic and epidemic diseases. "It spreads like a forest

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PRO/AH/EDR> Chronic wasting disease, cervid - USA (10): (MS), importation 2012

Chronic Wasting Disease -- United States
Two Louisiana men have been charged with illegally importing live white-tailed deer into Mississippi and according to authorities, some of the deer came from a facility that has tested positive for chronic wasting disease [CWD].
Acting United States Attorney Harold Brittain and Special Agent in Charge Luis Santiago of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Office of Law Enforcement, announced this week that [a 75 year old man and a 42 year old man] both residents of Pearl River,

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PRO/PL> Fungal wilt, guava - South Africa

Other Plant Disease -- South Africa
Guava production in Western Cape province is increasing due to the absence of the devastating guava wilt which is rife in Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces in the north of the country. The national guava industry depends entirely on one single cultivar, Fan Retief, which would come under serious threat if the disease were to spread south.
A disease resistant cultivar was developed in 2000, but in 2009, it became susceptible as well. It is thought that the pathogen mutated to break host

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PRO/EDR> Mumps update (26): USA (TX) Canada (MB,BC)

Mumps -- United States
Authorities are reporting another mumps outbreak at the Lopez State Jail in Edinburg [Hidalgo county, Texas].
The Texas Department of Criminal Justice [TDCJ] confirms there are 149 offenders there who have been quarantined. 3 offenders recently tested positive for the illness.
If anyone has a loved one in the facility, the prison is asking for them to call before you head over for visitation.
A notice posted on the TDCJ website said there is also housing areas at the gurney unit in

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Monday 18 September 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> Yellow fever - Africa (05): Nigeria

Yellow Fever -- Nigeria
The Federal Government has confirmed a case of yellow fever in a young girl in Oke Owa Community, Ifelodun Local Government Area of Kwara State.
According to the Minister of Health, Prof Isaac Adewole, laboratory diagnosis was carried out at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital and confirmed at the Institut Pasteur, Dakar, Senegal on [Tue 12 Sep 2017].
He said following the confirmation of the case, the State Epidemiology Team has begun investigation in the affected area and

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PRO/AH> Japanese encephalitis - Philippines (04): vaccine

Japanese Encephalitis -- Philippines
The Philippine Pediatric Society, Pediatric Infectious Society of the Philippines, and the Philippine Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases have warned the public against purchasing vaccines supposedly for Japanese Encephalitis, as these could be counterfeit and substandard. They also stressed the importance of the cold chain for vaccines, which keeps vaccines at a specific temperature until they are administered to the patient.
According to Dr. Salvacion Gatchalian, the vice

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PRO/AH/EDR> Malaria, avian - India: (Himalayas) wild birds

Malaria -- India
Bird or avian malaria caused by parasites _Plasmodium_ and _Haemoproteus_ is one of the most common and widespread diseases in birds. Avian malaria leads to decrease in reproductive success, anaemia, changes in body condition, and even mortality in extreme cases. Mosquitoes transmit _Plasmodium_, while biting midges (_Culicoides_ sp.) are responsible for _Haemoproteus_ transmission in birds.
Previous studies from the temperate regions have shown that temperature plays an important role in

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PRO/AH/EDR> Crayfish plague - Ireland (03)

Other Animal Disease -- Ireland
There has been a confirmed outbreak of crayfish plague in the River Barrow.
The disease only affects the crayfish species but is 100 percent fatal if contracted by the fish.
An outbreak was confirmed in the River Suir at Clonmel earlier this year [2017], and was branded as "extremely concerning" for the future of the species in Ireland.
A public meeting has been organised in Graignamanagh [county Kilkenny] for this coming Wednesday evening 20 Sep 2017] to discuss the

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PRO/EDR> Malaria, autochthonous - Cyprus (02)

Malaria -- Cyprus
On 8 Sep 2017, the United Kingdom reported (through the ECDC Early Warning and Response System) 3 cases of _Plasmodium vivax_ malaria in travellers returning from Esentepe [Agios Amvrosios, Kyrenia], the northern part of Cyprus.
Two of the cases were siblings aged 12 years who travelled independently from the 3rd case. The 3 cases stayed in the northern part of Cyprus for 2 to 3 weeks in August [2017] and developed symptoms on [29 Aug 2017]. They were laboratory confirmed upon returning to

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PRO/AH/EDR> Avian influenza (142): Japan, HPAI H5N6, migratory birds, epidemiology, research

Avian Influenza H5N6 -- Japan
Abstract
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To elucidate the evolutionary pathway, we sequenced the entire genomes of 89 H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) isolated in Japan during winter 2016-2017 and 117 AIV/HPAIVs isolated in Japan and Russia. Phylogenetic analysis showed that at least 5 distinct genotypes of H5N6 HPAIVs affected poultry and wild birds during that period. Japanese H5N6 isolates shared a common genetic ancestor in 6 of 8 genomic segments, and the PA and NS genes demonstrated 4

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PRO/AH/EDR> Tick-borne relapsing fever, vivax malaria coinf (02): DE ex AF, NOT TBRF

Malaria, Tick-borne disease -- Germany
Reports of concurrent malaria and relapsing fever must be viewed with caution. Malarial microgametes, particularly those of _Plasmodium vivax_, are released in blood specimens prior to staining, and bear a striking resemblance to _Borrelia_ spp. [1]
Reference
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1. Berger SA, David L. Pseudo-borreliosis in patients with malaria. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005; 73(1):207-9; .
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Communicated by:
Prof. Steve Berger
Geographic Medicine
Tel Aviv Medical

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PRO/EDR> Malaria - Costa Rica: increased risk alert

Malaria -- Costa Rica
The Costa Rica Health Ministry has declared sanitary alert in the country for malaria due to an increase in the risk of transmission after knowing of an important number of infected patients in Nicaragua.
Although between the years 2012 and 2015 Costa Rica had not had any malaria cases there were a few patients in 2016 and this year [2017] there have been isolated native cases, 4 in Matina (Limón), 3 in Sarapiquí, Heredia, and 2 in Pital, San Carlos.
The high and constant migration

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PRO/PL> Undiagnosed disease, taro - Nigeria: (EN)

Undiagnosed -- Nigeria
Mr Onyema Nwodo, Enugu State Agricultural Development Programme, says the government is tackling cocoa-yam [taro] disease in the state. The disease withers cocoa-yam plants. [It] manifested 2 years ago and made the farmers lose a lot of the crop.
Samples from the area [were] sent to the National Root Crops Research Institute (NRCRI). Nwodo explained that they had to involve NRCRI to look into the disease and when the report was released, it was [to be] made public. He urged the department

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Sunday 17 September 2017

PRO/AH/EDR> Salmonellosis, st. Kiambu - USA (07): papaya, multiple serotypes, multiple farms

Salmonella -- United States
Salmonella outbreaks linked to Maradol papayas from Mexico have sickened 235 people in 26 states, the CDC said on Thu 14 Sep 2017. 78 people have been hospitalized, and 2 people, one from New York and one from California, have died. The CDC noted that 69 percent of those sickened are Hispanic.
The majority of the salmonella cases have been documented in California, New York, New Jersey, Virginia and Texas. Other states affected are Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Iowa,

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PRO/EDR> Elizabethkingia meningoseptica - Peru

Elizabethkingia -- Peru
In the "San Camilo" pavilion of Dos de Mayo Hospital, the 3 children who share a room with a 4th are awake and talk to their families. The youngest girl, who has lost her speech and strength to move, at age 3 is the survivor of the only case reported so far in Peru of infection by an unusual bacterium. In less than 2 months, she has suffered from failure of her organs, widespread infection and necrosis in her hands and feet. The girl, a native of Tingo Maria (Huanuco), has been hospitalized in

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